Abstract: In an image forming apparatus adapted to transfer a toner image formed on a photosensitive drum to an intermediate transfer belt, and thereafter to a sheet, the position of one end portion of a backup roll around which the intermediate transfer belt is passed is set regulatable, this end portion being fixed after the position thereof has been regulated. The position of one end portion of a driving roll, cleaning blades or photosensitive drum may be set regulatable. This arrangement enables the skew of an image formed on a sheet to be reduced.

Abstract: A dual infrared beam raster scanning system has overfilled facets on the rotating polygon mirror and a double pass through a two cylindrical lens element f-theta lens group. The raster scanning system has an aspheric collimator lens, an aperture and a four lens element cylindrical lens group in the pre-polygon optics, and a two cylindrical lens element f-theta lens group and a cylindrical wobble correction mirror in the post-polygon mirror optics.

Abstract: A voltage is applied between a first and second electrode, the first electrode being immersed into an aqueous solution in which a group of two or more dyes having different polarities, and including at least one dye able to be independently precipitated from this aqueous solution by an electrochemical reaction, are dissolved and coexist at a specified pH, and the second electrode being provided so as to cooperate with the first electrode in causing the electrochemical reaction, thereby forming a first mixed color image which is composed of the group of dyes, or another mixed color image whose colors are different to those of the first mixed color image and which is composed of the group of dyes, or a single color image which is composed of a single dye on the electrode. Thus, it is possible to realize a high quality image using dyes and safely and simply record an image at a high levels of flexibility.

Abstract: A composition comprising a latex fluorocarbon elastomer and fluorinated carbon, xerographic component surfaces comprising such latex fluorocarbon elastomer and fluorinated carbon compositions, and image forming apparatii including such xerographic components are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A particulate filling system for assisting in filling a container from a hopper containing a supply of particulate material is provided. The particulate filling system includes a conduit operably connected to the hopper and extending downwardly therefrom. The conduit is adapted to permit a flow of particulate material therewithin. A vacuum valve assembly surrounds a porous tube portion of the conduit and supplies a vacuum to the particulate material in the conduit which stops the flow of the particulate material between filling operations. The particulate filling system also includes a nozzle assembly operably connected to the conduit below the porous tube portion and extending downwardly therefrom. The nozzle assembly defines an inlet thereof for receiving particulate material from the conduit and defines an outlet thereof for dispensing particulate material from the nozzle assembly to the container.

Abstract: A development system is which includes a developer roll with a magnetic sleeve. The sleeve has a static magnetic field pattern for transporting developer material to a development zone; and a magnetic system for generating a superimposed alternating magnetic field to agitate developer material in the development zone in order to produce a charged toner cloud intended for the non-interactive development of latent electrostatic images.

Abstract: A polygon mirror 36 have reflecting surfaces being arrayed such that the reflecting surfaces each having coatings 38 at both ends thereof and the reflecting surfaces having no coating are alternately arrayed. A beam width of a light beam reflected by a coating facet 36A is smaller than a beam width of a light beam by a non-coating facet 36B. Alight beam (first light beam) is deflected by the coating facet 36A, and it lands on a photoreceptor. A light beam (second light beam) is deflected by the non-coating facet 36B, and it lands on the photoreceptor. At this time, a beam diameter of the first light beam on the photoreceptor in the first scan direction is larger than that of the second light beam. When the laser beam is deflected by the non-coating facet 36B, the laser beam is modulated by image data. When it is deflected by the coating facet 36A, the laser beam is modulated by bias data.

Abstract: An an infrared laser structure has an inverted or p-side down orientation. The infrared laser structure is inverted and wafer fused to a blue laser structure to form an infrared/blue monolithic laser structure. The top semiconductor layer of the inverted infrared stack laser structure is a GaInP fusion bonding layer which will be wafer fused to the top semiconductor layer of the blue laser structure which is a GaN cladding/contact layer.

Abstract: A developer unit for developing a latent image recorded on an image receiving member with marking particles, to form a developed image, including: a donor member spaced from the image receiving member and adapted to transport marking particles to a development zone adjacent the image receiving member; a donor voltage supply for electrically biasing said donor member, said donor voltage supply having a donor frequency at a first phase; an electrode positioned in the development zone between the image receiving member and the donor member; an electrode voltage supply for electrically biasing said electrode during a developing operation with an alternating voltage to detach marking particles from said donor member, forming a cloud of marking particles in the development zone, and developing the latent image with marking particles from the cloud, said electrode voltage supply uses frequency generation of the donor AC and wire AC modulation frequencies by integer division of the wire AC oscillator thereby minimizi

Abstract: Driving electric current values of a semiconductor laser when detected light amount values are equal to each of five light amount values having respectively different magnitudes are detected. Thus, five detecting points relating to a light amount value-driving electric current value characteristic are obtained. A differential efficiency .eta. at an interval between two adjacent detecting points is calculated. For example, a differential efficiency .eta.1 is calculated from an adjacent detecting point and a differential efficiency .eta.2 is calculated from another adjacent detecting point. Further, values of the differential efficiencies are displayed on a display so that an operator can recognize an exact deteriorated state of an LD from the values of the differential efficiencies.

Abstract: A flexible electrophotographic imaging member comprising a substrate and at least one imaging layer comprising a first charge transport material, free of long chain alkyl ester groups or long chain alkyl carboxyl groups, and a small amount of a different second charge transporting material containing only one long chain alkyl ester group dissolved or molecularly dispersed in a film forming binder, the at least one imaging layer having been formed by drying a coating comprising a solution of the first transporting material and second charge transporting material and the film forming polymer binder in a mixture of a low volatility solvent and a high volatility solvent. A method for fabricating this imaging member is also disclosed.

Abstract: A self-cleaning pulley device includes a cylindrical member including a body portion having an outer surface; a series of spaced apart recesses formed from the outer surface into the body portion, each recess of the series of recesses having a root portion, and the series of recesses defining a series of spaced apart ridges projecting above root portions for engaging corresponding recesses of a belt mounted on the body portion for movement over the cylindrical member. Importantly, the self-cleaning pulley device includes a series of dirt apertures formed at least one within each root portion of each recess for collecting any dirt particles and contamination entering into an area between the body portion of the cylindrical member and a belt mounted thereon, thereby self-cleaning the pulley device, eliminating noise and preventing functional inefficiencies in a belt and pulley assembly using the pulley device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for supplying particulate material from a hopper is disclosed. A conduit is operably connected to the hopper and extends downwardly therefrom, the conduit permitting a flow of particulate material therewithin in a supplying operation. A nozzle assembly is connected to the conduit and extending downwardly therefrom. The nozzle assembly defines an inlet thereof for receiving particulate material from the conduit and defines an outlet thereof for dispensing particulate material from the nozzle assembly. A conveyor within the conduit assists in providing the flow of particulate material through the conduit.

Abstract: A valve for redirecting fluid flow has a valve chamber supporting fluid flow, with the valve chamber having an inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The valve chamber can be closed or partially open. The flap element is movable to alternatively block the first outlet and the second outlet. In or immediately adjacent to the valve chamber are opposing first and a second catch mechanisms for controllably latching the flap element to block respectively the first outlet and the second outlet. The first and second catch mechanisms have a disabled state and an activated state for holding and allowing release of the flap element. Once the first or second catch mechanism is disabled, the flap element is free to move to another position, provided it can overcome the mechanical fluid flow forces that tend to hold it in position.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming an image comprising a substrate with a plurality of high voltage transistors on the substrate. The transistors include a source electrode, a drain electrode and a gate electrode. Each transistor switches a marking potential of several hundred volts between the source and drain by a gate potential of at least an order of magnitude lower than the source to drain potential. There are a plurality of high voltage capacitors on the substrate. One of each capacitor is connected to one of the drain electrodes and each capacitor stores a charge potential approximately equal to the marking potential. The charge potential on each capacitor controls the forming of the image. A first data input on the substrate selectively loads a gate potential on gate the electrodes. A second data input located on the periphery of the substrate selectively loads a source potential on the source electrodes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing halftone digital image data to generate a corresponding continuous tone image is disclosed. More specifically, the present invention discloses a method and apparatus for filtering a halftone image in two directions which enables images to be smoothed in the flat regions, while reducing smoothing along edges of the image and eliminating smoothing altogether in the ridges and valleys. This provides for a significant improvement in image quality without losing the fine details that are often lost using standard filtering techniques.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus whose secondary transfer member is provided with an intermediate transfer belt 6, a bias roll 9 for use in secondarily transferring an unfixed toner image on the intermediate transfer belt onto a recording medium P, and a backup roll which is located in opposition to the bias roll and used for supporting the intermediate transfer belt from the back of the intermediate transfer belt. The intermediate transfer belt is made of belt material of three-layer structure comprising a base made of plastics such as polyimide resin and an electrically-conductive agent, the combination of which has a Young's modulus of 35000 kg/cm.sup.2 or greater, an intermediate layer made of elastic material such as fluororubber, silicone rubber or the like and a surface layer made of material having low surface energy such as fluoroplastics. The thickness of each layer is as follows: the base is 50 .mu.

Abstract: A method to statistically process real input and output data from a color input or output device and predict the color-transfer characteristics from an arbitrary input or output signal, or from the output signal and a part of the input signal to predict the remaining part of the input signal. Real input and output data pairs and prediction-source values are prepared which are used to calculate initial values for weighted coefficients. Matrix elements and the prediction value are calculated so that the sum of the squares of a distance between the predicted output and the corresponding plurality of real output data, weighted with a weighting coefficient, is minimized. The matrix elements and the prediction value are used to recalculate the weighting coefficients.

Abstract: A method that enhances safety while producing toners that are .ltoreq.5.mu. to be used in developing an electrostatic image includes providing selectable color toner liquids on demand to a mixing station; mixing the provided color toner liquids at the mixing station; producing a mist from the mixed toner liquid; collecting color toner particles resulting from the mist cooling; depositing the color toner particles in a development sump that includes carrier beads; and mixing the color toner particles with the carrier beads to produce two-component developer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an ink composition which includes (1) the first ink containing the first solvent and the first colored particles having an affinity for the first solvent and dispersed in the first solvent and (2) the second ink containing the second solvent and the second colored particles having a color different from that of the first colored particles and having an affinity for the second solvent and dispersed in the second solvent, and which separates into two phases, and a rewritable display medium and methods for displaying images utilizing the ink composition.The ink composition, the rewritable display medium and methods for displaying images provide sharp images with high resolution over time.