Abstract: A process for the preparation of negatively charged toner comprising:(i) preparing a pigment dispersion, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, an ionic surfactant, and optionally a charge control agent;(ii) shearing said pigment dispersion with a latex or emulsion blend comprised of a resin of styrene-vinylidene chloride-acrylic acid, styrene-vinyl chloride-acrylic acid, styrene-chloroprene-acrylic acid, styrene-butylacrylate-vinylidene chloride-acrylic acid, styrene-butylacrylate-vinyl chloride-acrylic acid, styrene-butadiene-vinylidene chloride-acrylic acid, or styrene-isoprene-vinylidene chloride-acrylic acid, a counterionic surfactant with a charge polarity of opposite sign to that of said ionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant;(iii) heating the above sheared blend below about the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin to form electrostatically bound toner size aggregates with a narrow particle size distribution; and(iv) heating said bound aggregates above about the Tg of the resin.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink composition which comprises an aqueous liquid vehicle, a dye, and a vesicle-forming lipid, wherein vesicles of the lipid are present in the ink.

Abstract: A method for accessing members of an ordered data set includes a procedure for dividing an ordered data set into multiple ordered subsets, designating at least one member of each ordered subset as a bracket member, referencing those members of each ordered subset not identified as bracket members with a collective data member symbol, and displaying an ordered set of bracket members, with a collective data member symbol such as an ellipsis displayed between those bracket members separated from each other by two or more members in the ordered data set. Upon user selection of the ellipsis, this procedure is repeated, with those members of each ordered subset not identified as bracket members, and arranged between a respective pair of bracket members, constituting a new ordered data set capable of being divided into multiple ordered subsets.

Abstract: A transparency comprised of a supporting substrate, thereover a first coating layer comprised of a binder having a glass transition temperature of less than about 55.degree. C., a cellulosic viscosity modifier, a lightfastness inducing agent and a biocide; and a second ink-receiving coating layer comprised of a hydrophilic binder, an oxyalkylene containing compound, a dye mordant, an optional filler, and an optional biocide; and wherein the first coating is in contact with the substrate and is situated between the substrate and the second ink coating, and which transparency possesses a haze value of from about 1 to about 10 and a lightfastness value of from about 70 to about 95.

Abstract: An color ink jet recording apparatus with a plural recording heads, comprises: a plural caps corresponding to the recording heads; a plural cap opening/closing drive units; a single negative pressure suction unit communicating with the respective caps through ink suction passages; a plural passage communicate/interrupt units for communicating or interrupting the respective ink suction passages; a plural air open/interrupt units; a capping control unit for controlling each passage communicate and interrupt unit to communicate the ink suction passage corresponding to the recording head to be capped and controlling the corresponding air open/interrupt unit to open the corresponding air opening passage, and in this state, for controlling the corresponding cap opening/closing drive unit to cover the nozzle surface of the recording head to be capped with its corresponding cap; and jet performance recovery control unit, after the nozzle surface of the recording head to be capped is covered by the capping control uni

Abstract: A cleaning device for removing and collecting toner left on the surface of a photoreceptor includes a housing, a rotary shaft rotatably supported by the housing and a brush, provided on the outer surface of the rotary shaft, for scraping off toner from the surface of the photoreceptor, a bar-like member fastened at both ends thereof to the housing and positioned at a location where the bar-like member is flicked with upon the rotation of the brush, an auger, positioned at a predetermined location within the housing, for transporting the toner scraped off to a given direction, and the bar-like member being disposed so as to prevent the auger from being further moved from the predetermined position and from contacting with the brush.

Abstract: This invention is a method of representing the text in a document in a way that enables very fast text processing on digital computers. More specifically, each word of text is represented as a number (or token) that refers to an information packet describing the word's characteristics. Operations then process each token, rather than each character, to perform text processing functions. In addition to the compact nature of this representation, the performance of virtually all functions in a WYSIWYG editor which are dependent on line-breaking speed are improved.

Abstract: An inorganic thin film EL device comprises a substrate, a pair of electrode layers and a pair of insulating layers formed on the substrate in this order, and a light emission layer sandwiched between the paired insulating layers and arranged such that light emitted from the light emission layer is taken out from one side the light emission layer. The light emission layer is made of a composition which consists essentially of a fluoride of a metal of the group II of the Periodic Table and a member selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements and compounds thereof. The metal fluoride is of the formula, M.sub.1-x F.sub.2+y or M.sub.1+x F.sub.2-y, wherein M represents a metal of the group II of the Periodic Table, x is a value ranging from 0.001 to 0.9 and y is a value ranging from 0.001 to 1.8. The device is useful as a flat light source.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preventing oil streaks on color transparencies. To this end release agent material in the form of silicone oil is applied to a heated fuser roll using a two-roll RAM system. The silicone applied to the fuser roll is then metered to a uniform thickness with a metering blade contacting the surface of the fuser roll. The blade is adapted to be engaged with the fuser roll only during the fusing of process color images on transparency material in order to minimize wear of the blade and/or fuser roll surface and to minimize contamination of the blade due to unnecessary contact.

Abstract: An apparatus for the mixing of toner and a material to form a toner mixture is provided. The apparatus includes a grinder having a grinding chamber within the grinder and a material adder for adding the material into the grinding chamber. The apparatus further includes a mixer for mixing the toner and the material within the grinding chamber to form the toner mixture.

Abstract: The present invention solves a number of problems in using stems (canonical indicators of word meanings) in full-text retrieval of natural language documents, and thus permits recall to be improved without sacrificing precision. It uses various arrangements of finite-state transducers to accurately encode a number of desirable ways of mapping back and forth between words and stems, taking into account both systematic aspects of a language's morphological rule system and also the word-by-word irregularities that also occur. The techniques described apply generally across the languages of the world and are not just limited to simple suffixing languages like English. Although the resulting transducers can have many states and transitions or arcs, they can be compacted by finite-state compression algorithms so that they can be used effectively in resource-limited applications.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner compositions with controlled particle size comprising:(i) preparing a pigment dispersion in water, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, an ionic surfactant in amounts of from about 0.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a corona device with a charging grid for charging a photoreceptor to voltage levels, an exposure device for projecting an image onto the photoreceptor, a developer for applying toner to the photoreceptor, and a sensor for providing a signal in relation to current flow between the photoreceptor and the developer. An exposure device control adjusts the exposure device by setting the exposure device to an intensity level of approximately 50%. A photodetector sensor provides signals to the exposure device control in relation to the 50% intensity level in response to developing the predetermined test patches on the photoreceptor and the exposure device control adjusts the exposure device in response to the photodetector sensor signals without the use of test patches to an intensity level of approximately 100%.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel method and apparatus for rotating a stripper bar associated with a paper path. A cam and cable mechanism replaces a rigid link mechanism on the stripper bar, the cam and cable mechanism providing for a much greater angle of rotation of the stripper bar than the rigid link mechanism. The additional rotation allows the stripper fingers on the stripper bar to be rotated completely out of the way of a paper jam clearance path. Other new developments include a wrench positioning system that controls the orientation of the stripper bar and an over-rotation prevention system that stops the rotation of the stripper bar when the stripper bar and stripper fingers are being serviced.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for cleaning triboelectric negative toner particles from the photoreceptor surface without the need of a preclean corotron. To remove the residual particles, a first cleaning brush, in the direction of motion of the photoreceptor, is negatively biased to remove the positive (+) toner and charge the toner particles negative. Then, the second brush, in the direction of motion of the photoreceptor, is positively biased to remove the residual negative toner particles from the surface as the second brush contacts the surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-contact ink developing method for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrostatic latent image formation member with ink, characterized by employing a conductive ink as the ink and a conductive developing roller disposed close to the electrostatic latent image formation member and whose surface has a water-repellent finish for producing very small ink droplets which are substantially spherical. The method comprising the steps of supplying the conductive ink to the surface of the conductive roller to produce a large number of very small ink droplets, and ejecting the ink droplets toward the electrostatic latent image in a developing area facing the electrostatic latent image formation member by an electrostatic induction force generated by charges of the electrostatic latent image and charges of opposite polarity induced in the ink droplets by the electrostatic latent image, and attaching the droplets to the electrostatic latent image.

Abstract: A liquid developer for electrophotography is disclosed, which comprises a carrier, a charge director contained in the carrier, and toner particles dispersed in the carrier and having a volume-average particle diameter of from 0.5 .mu.m to 5 .mu.m, wherein the toner particles comprises a thermoplastic resin substantially insoluble in the carrier at a temperature used for development, a colorant dispersed in the resin, and a charge control agent. A process for producing the liquid developer, and a process for forming an image are also disclosed. Thereby, a liquid developer for electrophotography having good toner electrification characteristics and satisfactory charge stability is obtained.

Abstract: The disadvantages of conventional carton for packaging cut sheets of paper such as the facts that fingers or finger nails are injured upon opening the carton, tearing requires a large force, the removal of the cut sheets is difficult, the beauty of surroundings is spoiled, movement of the carton is required, and industrial wastes are produced are solved by the present invention. A pair of opening face cut lines such as threaded lines, zipper and the like are formed on two selected faces of the rectangular parellelepiped carton, and a trigger cut line such as a threaded line, zipper and the like is formed on this one face or another face. The trigger cut line is connected to the opening face cut lines. The trigger cut line and the opening face cut lines are torn off after cutting and raising a part of the trigger cut line. The face having the opening face cut lines is used as an opened face.

Abstract: An ink for ink jet recording comprising water, a colorant and a water-soluble organic solvent, in which the water-soluble organic solvent comprises 2,2'-thiodiethanol having a purity of not less than 96% by weight and an electrical conductivity of from not less than 5.0.times.10.sup.-4 S/m to not more than 5.0.times.10.sup.-2 S/m as determined in the form of 10 wt % aqueous solution.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a conductive substrate having thereon a photosensitive layer, the photosensitive layer containing a hydroxymetal or hydroxysilicon phthalocyanine pigment represented by formula (I) as a charge generating material, the phthalocyanine pigment having been treated with an organometallic compound having a hydrolyzable functional group or a hydrolysis product thereof: ##STR1## wherein Me represents Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge or Sn; X represents H, Cl, Br or I; m represents an integer of from 1 to 4; and n represents 1 where Me is Al, Ga or In, or 2 where Me is Si, Ge or Sn.