Abstract: After spins in a subject being examined have been selectively excited, the application of gradient magnetic fields is interrupted to produce an FID signal. The intensity of the primary magnetic field is determined based on the central frequency of the Fourier spectrum of the FID signal, i.e., the Larmor frequency. The primary magnetic field is controlled or the observed data is corrected, according to the measured value of the primary magnetic field intensity.

Abstract: An optical scale reader comprises a light source for radiating a beam of coherent light on a reflective scale, a half mirror for mixing light beams from the light source which are reflected and diffracted by the scale for interference with each other, an optical system for causing the interfering light beams leaving the half mirror on its opposite sides to be 90.degree. out of phase with each other so that the light beams will fall on the half mirror at a particular angle of incidence, photodetectors for detecting the interfering light beams, respectively, which have left the half mirror, and a signal processor for processing first and second electric signals which are supplied from the photodetectors and 90.degree. out of phase with each other to generate a signal indicative of the distance which the scale has moved. There is also disclosed a position control device incorporating the optical scale reader.

Abstract: A pressure sensor which detects delicate changes in pressure as small as 0.01 .mu.m water column by detecting displacement or torque in a movable plate. The sensor comprises a fixed plate in which slits are formed, a movable plate on which pressure to be measured is impressed, a supporting member which supports the movable plate at two points on a straight line passing through its center of gravity so as to enable the movable plate to rotate thereabout, and a detecting means for detecting displacement or torque in the movable plate. The different pressures act on the movable plate to cause the rotation thereof and the displacement or torque so that such displacement corresponds to the pressure difference.

Abstract: A 4 coil type air core coil magnet used for NMR imaging apparatus, wherein each coil assembly comprises a plurality of pancake coil elements in layers, and in each of the coil elements the configuration of a predetermined portion and the winding length of the end portion is selectively controlled and connecting wiring between each coil element is parallel to the axis of the four coil assemblies, whereby highly uniform magnetic fields are obtained.

Abstract: The output from a capacitor, which shifts a voltage output by .pi./2, and a detected frequency output, are multiplied by a pulse width modulation circuit, and a current input is switched by the multiplied output to convert a reactive power to a corresponding DC signal. The converter has improved frequency characteristics.

Abstract: An electromagnetic flowmeter is energized by a tri-state excitation system having a first quiescent period, a first excitation period, a second quiescent period, a second excitation period for excitation with a polarity opposite to that of the first excitation period, and a third quiescent period. The electrode signals are sampled at equal intervals in each period except the second quiescent period and combined to provide an output which eliminates noise due to residual magnetic flux, electrochemical effects and commercial frequency.

Abstract: A thermal conductivity detector of the type that uses an electrical bridge of four heaters with the fluid to be measured being exposed to a pair of heaters and the reference fluid being exposed to the other pair of heaters, wherein the invention improves upon this type of detector by having the fluid to be measured applied to a pair of parallel passageways in a block structure wherein a pair of heaters are contained and concurrently into bypass passageways which bypass the pair of heaters and then outputted through a common outlet; and wherein concurrently the reference fluid is applied to a pair of parallel passageways in another block structure wherein another pair of heaters are contained and concurrently to bypass passageways which bypass the second pair of heaters and then outputted through a common outlet and wherein the bypass passageways of one of the block structures are different in internal diameter from the bypass passageways in the other block structure.

Abstract: A recorder including an A/D converter for converting analog measured input signals into digital input sampling data for a predetermined sampling period, for processing the converted data by a microprocessor, and for subsequently driving a recording head to make a recording on a recording paper. A paper end detecting sensor is carried on the head, and the microprocessor is caused to compute a recording position signal according to the measured input signals on the basis of the sampling data; to correct the recording position signal on the basis of both a reference width for the recording paper and the paper width, which is measured as a result of detecting the 0% and 100% ends of the recording paper by the sensor, thereby to produce a recording position correcting signal according to the extension or contraction of the recording paper; to control the position of the recording head in accordance with the recording position correcting signal; and to make a recording on the recording paper by the recording head.

Abstract: A coil assembly comprises four coils for generating a static magnetic field in an NMR imaging apparatus, wherein the dimensions of the coils are selected so that the flatness of the cross section of the coils, the current turns ratio, and the radius ratio, are within certain limits. The assembly so constructed produces highly uniform magnetic field, is small in size, and light-weight, and consumes a lower amount of power, and can be manufactured inexpensively.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for analysis, by ion chromatography, of anions, in a sample solution, wherein accurate analysis of anions in the sample solution is obtained by passing carbonic acid, through a prescribed membrane, into the sample solution, thereby completely eliminating or sharply lessening the so-called water dip effect. The method and apparatus are further directed to enabling anions in the sample solution to be accurately analyzed by passing prescribed cations, through a prescribed membrane, into the sample solution, thereby depriving the sample solution of interfering anions otherwise abundantly present therein.

Abstract: A recorder has a chart feed mechanism for automatically loading a chart for recording operation. By loading a chart stock storing a chart into a recorder case, discharge roller and feed roller of a chart feed means are actuated to feed the chart into a condition in which data can be recorded thereon.

Abstract: An ultrasonic flowmeter comprising a signal generator for supplying a synchronizing signal to an ultrasonic propagation path and a frequency division time signal to a flow rate computing unit; the flow rate computing unit comprising a time difference detector for determining time difference between a reception time signal from the ultrasonic propagation path and the frequency division time signal from the signal generator, and for generating a signal indicative of which signal is earlier than the other; a sequential approximating means responsive to an output signal form the time difference detector for effecting sequential approximating computation; and a flow rate computing circuit responsive to the output from the sequential approximating means for computing the flow rate of the fluid. The ultrasonic flowmeter is simple, accurate and reliable, and is inexpensive to manufacture.

Abstract: A programmable controller is provided with a controller body including a microprocessor having a ROM for storing user programs connected with a socket thereto. A programmer which is connected by a connector to a data bus or the controller body has a means to switch to a program mode to write a user program in a RAM by operating keys, and a test run mode to execute the user program written in RAM on the controller body, and a means to copy the user program written in RAM of the programmer to said ROM. The user program stored in ROM which is inserted in said socket is executed when the programmer is isolated from the controller body.

Abstract: An examination method and apparatus utilizes a nuclear magnetic resonance technique in which the body of a subject to be examined is placed in a uniform static magnetic field and subjected to an electromagnetic wave having a frequency which induces nuclear magnetic resonance, a magnetic field is also applied to the subject body to specify an area of the body from which nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals are radiated, and such nuclear magnetic resonance signals from the specified body area are received. A first 90.degree. pulse as the electromagnetic wave is applied to the body to excite the same, and then a 180.degree. pulse is applied to the body to produce an echo signal. A second 90.degree. pulse is to the body when the echo signal is maximum to thereby allow a magnetization to return to a state of thermal equilibrium. The foregoing sequence of the steps is repeated at prescribed intervals.

Abstract: A rotate/rotate type X-ray computerized tomograph system employing a single-phase transformer as a high tension voltage supply whereby the secondary voltage of the single phase transformer is rectified and applied across the anode and cathode of an X-ray tube. Such a system, advantageously, is compact and lightweight and employs components which are substantially less costly than those of the prior art.

Abstract: An electromagnetic flow meter includes a fluid-carrying conduit. A signal detecting element detects an electromotive force induced in the fluid in the conduit to produce a first detecting signal. A conduit voltage detecting element detects a voltage of the conduit to produce a second detecting signal. An electrical energy applying device is responsive to the first and second detecting signals for applying a selected amount of voltage to the conduit so that the voltage of the first detecting signal and the detected voltage of the conduit become equal to each other, whereby a profile of the voltage of the conduit is substantially similar to a profile of the electromotive force at least at a position of the signal detecting element.

Abstract: A pressure receiving element for receiving an external pressure is attached to one end of a body and a temperature compensating diaphragm is attached to the other end of the body. A coupling shaft disposed in the body is fixed at both ends to the pressure receiving element and the diaphragm, respectively. A liquid is sealed in the body and means is provided for detecting displacement or force applied to the coupling shaft in accordance with a pressure received by the pressure receiving element. The diaphragm has corrugations of concentric circles and the crests of a plurality of them are made flat and one of the flat crests is fixed to the body. The effective area of the diaphragm inside of the flat crest that is fixed to the body is selected substantially to be equal to the effective area of the pressure receiving element.

Abstract: An ultrasonic probe for puncture treatments is constructed in a manner that a guide member, for guiding a puncture needle, is provided on a side surface of an ultrasonic probe of a linear scanning type, with a needle being positioned by the guide member to be movable at right angles to the surface of the body of a patient, and a beam of ultrasonic wave is emitted by the probe in a direction oblique to the length dimension of the needle. The probe may be positioned obliquely to the needle, in which case, an acoustic coupling member of a wedge shape is inserted in the gap formed between the emitting end of the probe and the body. Alternatively, the probe may be positioned parallel with the needle in which case a wedge shaped member capable of deflecting the ultrasonic waves, is placed on the emitting end of the probe, and a wedge shaped acoustic coupling member is connected to the deflecting member so as to deflect the ultrasonic waves to be oblique to the needle within the body.

Abstract: A pressure gauge for determining the pressure applied to a cylindrical vibrator by measuring the resonance frequency of the vibrator. The vibrator comprises a thin-wall cylindrical portion, a thick wall cylindrical portion extending from one end of the thin wall cylindrical portion and a thick wall end portion joined to the end of the thin wall cylindrical portion. The thin wall cylindrical portion is installed within a cover, to which the thick wall end portion is securely attached. The inventive vibrator type pressure gauge produces greater accuracy and reliability while also being resistant to external vibrations and pressures.

Abstract: A taut band type instrument comprising a support member supporting thereon a moving coil, a pair of clips electrically connected to the moving coil and mounted on the support member in mutually spaced relation, a pair of upper and lower boss stoppers each having an integral cylindrical portion with a recess defined axially therein and mounted on a bridge, a pair of tension springs mounted respectively on the boss stoppers, a taut band attached to and disposed between the tension springs under a predetermined tension, and soldered to the clips so as to be positioned in the cylindrical portions of the boss stoppers through the recesses therein, a pointer attachment joined to the support member, and a pointer attached to the pointer attachment. The taut band is cut between the clips after it has been soldered to the clips.