Abstract: An example operation includes one or more of detecting, by a validation service node, an access of a block on a blockchain ledger; accessing, by the validation service node, a block validation stamp comprising meta-data signed by a trusted stamping authority (TSA) on the blockchain ledger; and validating the block based on the meta-data.

Abstract: A magnetic tunnel junction pillar is positioned above a bottom electrode composed of a metal-oxide region in contact with a first portion of the magnetic tunnel junction pillar and a metal region surrounding the metal-oxide region. A sidewall spacer is positioned along sidewalls of the magnetic tunnel junction pillar, and the metal region is in contact with a bottom surface of the sidewall spacer and a second portion of the magnetic tunnel junction pillar.

Abstract: A node in a blockchain network may agree, on an authority accept a compliance module from the authority, accept the compliance module. The node may also receive an operation, verify a compliance of the operation based on the compliance module, add the verified operation to a ledger on the blockchain network.

Abstract: A lower nanosheet stack including alternating layers of a first work function metal and a semiconductor channel material, an upper nanosheet stack including alternating layers of a second work function metal and the semiconductor channel material, one or more dielectric layers between the lower nanosheet stack and the upper nanosheet stack, each separated by an inner spacer. An embodiment where the one or more partial dielectric layers each include an opening. Forming an upper nanosheet stack vertically aligned above an intermediate stack, vertically aligned above a lower nanosheet stack, the upper nanosheet stack, the lower nanosheet stack each including alternating layers of a first sacrificial material and a semiconductor channel material, the intermediate stack including one or more alternating layers of the sacrificial material and a second sacrificial material, recessing the second sacrificial material; and forming second inner spacers where the second sacrificial material was recessed.

Abstract: An example operation may include one or more of receiving a uniform resource indicator (URI) of a blockchain peer node that has access to a blockchain distributed among a plurality of blockchain peer nodes, identifying blockchain channel identification information which identifies a unique channel name associated with the blockchain, generating a blockchain-based URI that includes an identification of the URI of the blockchain peer node and the channel name associated with the blockchain, and storing the generated blockchain-based URI on a distributed ledger.

Abstract: A method includes collecting, by one or more processors of a computer system, digestive capabilities for Input Output Queues (IOQs) of infrastructure components in a hybrid cloud infrastructure, and allocating, by the one or more processors of the computer system, nonvolatile memory express (NVMe) storage cloud resources for the hybrid cloud infrastructure based on the collected digestive capabilities for IOQs of the infrastructure components.

Abstract: Provided are techniques for performing edge processing by selecting edge devices based on security levels. A security policy is identified for a job to determine a security level for the data. A number of the edge devices that are to be included in a participating group to execute the job is identified. A subset of edge devices that meet the security level are identified by comparing security data of each of the edge devices with the security level. In response to determining that the subset of edge devices includes that number of edge devices, the edge devices from the subset are added to the participating group. The job is executed using the edge devices in the participating group and the one or more cloud nodes, while maintaining the security level in processing the data and in communications across the edge devices and the one or more cloud nodes.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for text detection is provided. The present invention may include training a text detection model. The present invention may include performing text detection on an inputted image using the trained text detection model. The present invention may include determining whether at least one of a plurality of bounding boxes generated using the inputted image has an aspect ratio above a threshold. The present invention may include based upon determining that at least one of the plurality of bounding boxes generated using the inputted image has the aspect ratio above the threshold, upscaling any text within the at least one bounding box and performing text detection on a new image using the trained text detection model. The present invention may include outputting an output image.

Abstract: A stacked device is provided. The stacked device includes a plurality of dielectric support bridges on a substrate, and a first two-dimensional (2D) channel layer on each of the plurality of dielectric support bridges. The stacked device further includes a gate dielectric sheet on the first two-dimensional (2D) channel layer, and a second two-dimensional (2D) channel layer on the first two-dimensional (2D) channel layer. The stacked device further includes a second gate dielectric layer on the gate dielectric sheets.

Abstract: An IC device test probe has one or more clusters of a plurality of tapered probe tips that taper upon a taper plane that is orthogonal to a seating direction or force vector of the IC device test probe toward the IC device. Each of the plurality of tapered probe tips is seated against one contact of the IC device. In this manner, the IC device test probe is seated against multiple contacts and may therefore apply test signal(s) to these contacts serially, simultaneously, or the like. The IC device test probe allows the seating to small pitch IC devices and associated testing thereof. This allows for electrical characterization of the IC device by the same test signal(s) through the IC device test probe and ultimately through multiple contacts. The forces associated with seating the IC device test probe against the IC device contacts is effectively spread across multiple contacts.

Abstract: An embodiment for a method of supporting neurodivergent comprehension of content by proactively identifying and transforming predicted difficult comprehension areas for a given user. The embodiment may receive an activation command from a registered user. The embodiment may automatically identify, within displayed content, predicted difficult comprehension areas based on a series of preferences and behaviors associated with the registered user. The embodiment may mark a textual element associated with the predicted difficult comprehension areas that may be transformed to improve comprehensibility of the predicted difficult comprehension areas for the registered user. The embodiment may detect user interaction with the marked textual element. The embodiment may, in response to detecting user interaction with the marked textual element, transform the marked textual element and provide transformed content to the registered user.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, a computer system and a computer program product adapt a vehicle communication network range based on an awareness of vehicle speed. The method includes identifying a plurality of devices within a recommended range of a vehicle. The method also includes obtaining a current driving environment from the plurality of devices. In addition, the method includes calculating a required range for a communications network based on the current driving environment and determining required devices within the required range. Lastly, the method includes dynamically creating the communications network when the required range is greater than the recommended range, where the communications network includes the vehicle, the plurality of devices within the recommended range and the required devices.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments provide techniques for estimating imputation algorithm performance. Multiple imputer algorithms are selected, and an evaluation of how well each of the imputer algorithms can estimate the missing data is performed. Disclosed embodiments obtain an imputer candidate dataset (ICD). The imputer candidate dataset is compared to the incomplete data range, and a similarity metric is determined between the data range and the ICD. When the similarity metric exceeds a predetermined threshold, an imputer evaluation dataset (IED) is created from the ICD by removing one or more data points from the ICD. Each imputer algorithm is evaluated by applying the IED to it, and computing an imputer evaluation metric based on its performance. The multiple imputer algorithms are ranked based on the imputer evaluation metric. The best ranked imputer algorithm can then be selected for use on the incomplete data range within the measurement dataset.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, system and computer program product for improving accuracy and efficiency of auditing databases. A table, list or index of a database is analyzed to identify metadata, which includes time series data, user data, an Internet Protocol address and operation data. The identified metadata is associated with the corresponding record or row of the table, list or index from which the metadata was extracted. A determination is then made as to whether to record a raw data image associated with the record or row of the analyzed table, list or index based on the corresponding data operation. The identified metadata as well as the recorded data images, if any, are stored in a structured audit log. Auditing information is then obtained from a structured audit log based on matching the record or row identifier (RID) associated with the query with the RID associated with the structured audit log.

Abstract: An embodiment for detecting anomalous data using dependency modeling. The embodiment may, within a target data environment, identify references between data contained in one or more data files. The embodiment may determine dependency relationships between data fields in the data contained in the one or more data files. The embodiment may construct computational graphs depicting the determined dependency relationships as series of related data fields. The embodiment may identify a series of associated computational graphs within the constructed computational graphs. The embodiment may calculate abnormality degree values for each of the data fields within the constructed computation graphs. The embodiment may, in response to detecting an anomalous data field having a calculated abnormality degree value above a threshold value, calculating contribution values for a series of associated component data fields to identify a root cause for the detected anomalous data field.

Abstract: Provided are techniques for a search using an overlay graph mapping to source knowledge graphs. A plurality of overlay graphs are generated, where each overlay graph comprises entities represented by nodes and relations represented by edges, and where the entities and the relations map to a subset of entities and relations in a plurality of source knowledge graphs. A search request comprising an entity and a relation is received. An overlay graph is selected from the plurality of overlay graphs based on the entity and the relation. The search request is issued against the overlay graph, where the search request is translated to knowledge graph specific queries, and where the knowledge graph specific queries are issued against the plurality of source knowledge graphs. Search results are received from the plurality of source knowledge graphs. The search results are used to respond to the search request.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method is provided for determining an action with respect to a given portfolio of items for supply chain management. The method includes acquiring, by a hardware processor, a feature vector for supply chain delivery trends, the given portfolio, and a current investment amount. The method further includes determining, by the hardware processor, whether a current supply chain delivery situation is normal or abnormal based on the feature vector. The method also includes performing a risk-avoidance action to reduce the current investment amount and avoid potential supply chain delivery losses, responsive to a determination that the current supply chain delivery situation is abnormal. The method additionally includes performing a risk adaptive action to increase the current investment amount and incur potential supply chain delivery gains by using a distributional reinforcement learning process, responsive to a determination that the current supply chain delivery situation is normal.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product are provided for post-modeling feature evaluation. In one embodiment, at least at least one post model visual output and associated data is obtained that at least includes an individual conditional expectation (ICE) plot and a partial dependence (PDP) plot. Using the associated data and the plots, a Feature Importance (PI) plot is provided. A plurality of features is then determined for each PI, PDP and ICE plots to calculate at least one Interesting Value for each plot. An overall score is also calculated for each plurality of features based on the associated Interesting Values for each PDP, ICE and PI plots. At least one top feature is selected based on said scores. A final plot is then generated at least reflecting the top feature. The final plot combines the PI, PDP and ICE plots together.

Abstract: Described are techniques for oblique image rectification. The techniques include receiving an original image depicting an oblique view of a circular object and pre-processing the original image into an edge image. The techniques further include generating, by a machine learning model based on the edge image, a heatmap including an ellipse formed by the oblique view of the circular object. The techniques further include computing ellipse parameters describing the ellipse of the heatmap. The techniques further include performing, using the ellipse parameters, an affine transformation on the original image to generate a rectified image, where the rectified image converts the ellipse to a circle.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the present invention, imagery of a geographic area is received from an image capture system. The imagery includes an obscurity impeding visibility. A geographic region within the geographic area is determined corresponding to a location of the obscurity. The image capture system is requested to capture new imagery of the geographic region at a time determined based on information including weather patterns. The new imagery of the geographic region is combined with the imagery of the geographic area to produce resulting imagery resolving the obscurity.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method, computer system, and computer program product for identifying one or more intrinsic physical properties of one or more objects is provided. The present invention may include identifying one or more objects in a video set, extracting observable physical properties of the identified one or more objects from the video set, including one or more trajectories, and inferring, by a property-based graph neural network, intrinsic properties of the one or more objects based on the trajectories.

Abstract: An embodiment establishes an interaction database based at least in part on interaction data received from a browser. The embodiment monitors the browser for one or more actions and stores the one or more actions detected as interaction data on the interaction database. The embodiment constructs an asynchronous user interface based at least in part on the interaction data stored on the interaction database, wherein the asynchronous user interface comprises a set of selection options. The embodiment receives, via the asynchronous user interface, a selection of a selection option of the set of selection options. The embodiment performs a responsive action upon having received the selection of the selection option of the set of selection options.

Abstract: An embodiment expands a polynomial into a plurality of products, each product in the plurality of products comprising a scaling coefficient multiplied by a sub-polynomial, each sub-polynomial comprising a sum of a plurality of addends, wherein a degree of each sub-polynomial is equal to a grouping parameter. An embodiment computes a plurality of ciphertext products, each ciphertext product equal to a ciphertext multiplied by itself a number of times, the number of times ranging from two to the grouping parameter. An embodiment computes, using the ciphertext and the plurality of ciphertext products in place of a variable of the polynomial, each of the plurality of products. An embodiment multiplies the plurality of products together.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, according to one embodiment, includes: receiving copies of notes that were originally recorded by participants, the notes corresponding to a source document. Note fragments in the received copies of notes are identified and one or more machine learning models are used to compare the identified note fragments to pages and paragraphs in the source document that the respective note fragments are located in. Based at least in part on the comparison, the identified note fragments are merged with a copy of the source document to form a pseudo-source document. Furthermore, the pseudo-source document is output.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for historical image search is provided. The present invention may include receiving an image search criteria. The present invention may also include generating a composite image search query based on the received image search criteria. The present invention may further include searching for a matching historical image based on the generated composite image search query. The present invention may also include returning a historical image search result.

Abstract: A memory device that includes an magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) stack positioned on an electrode, a metal line in contact with the electrode, and a sidewall spacer abutting the MRAM stack. The memory device also includes a stepped reach through conductor having a first height portion of the stepped reach through conductor in an undercut region positioned between the sidewall spacer and the metal line, and a second height portion having a greater height dimensions than the first height portion abutting an outer sidewall of the sidewall spacer.

Abstract: A ring-shaped heater, system, and method to gradually change the conductance of the phase change memory through a concentric ring-shaped heater. The system may include a phase change memory. The phase change memory may include a bottom electrode. The phase change memory may also include a ring-shaped heater patterned on top of the bottom electrode, the ring-shaped heater including: a plurality of concentric conductive heating layers, and a plurality of insulator spacers, where each insulator spacer separates each conductive heating layer. The phase change memory may also include a phase change material proximately connected to the ring-shaped heater. The phase change memory may also include a top electrode proximately connected to the phase change material.

Abstract: A processor may receive weather event data. The processor may determine, utilizing an artificial intelligence model mapping weather events having weather impacts with a higher likelihood of occurrence proximate to each other in the latent space, a weather impact associated with a weather event. In some embodiments, the artificial intelligence model may be trained using historical weather event data and historical weather impact data associated with the historical weather event data. The processor may output the weather impact associated with the weather event to a user.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, according to one embodiment, includes causing a memory assessment thread to perform a first predetermined node memory contention state determination sequence for a predetermined first node. The first predetermined node memory contention state determination sequence includes recording a first timestamp, and allocating dedicated memory of the predetermined first node. The first predetermined node memory contention state determination sequence furthermore includes attempting to fill the allocated memory with content subsequent to recording the first timestamp, and recording a second timestamp after attempting to fill the allocated memory. The method further includes determining a first memory contention state of the predetermined first node based on results of performing the first predetermined node memory contention state determination sequence. The determined first memory contention state is caused to be included in a first type of message sent to a second node.

Abstract: A processor may identify that content is generated for a communication between IoT devices. The processor may identify a source device and a target device of the IoT devices. The processor may analyze the content. The processor may determine a sensitivity of the content. The processor may assign, based on the determining, a security level to either of the source device or the target device.

Abstract: Techniques regarding identifying candidate knowledge graph subgraphs in a question answering over knowledge graph task are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise a system, which can comprise a memory that can store computer executable components. The system can also comprise a processor, operably coupled to the memory, and that can execute the computer executable components stored in the memory. The computer executable components can comprise a question answering over knowledge graph component that encodes graph structure information of a knowledge graph subgraph and a question graph into neural network embeddings.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product are disclosed. The method includes generating simulation instances and particle site identifiers from a particle-based simulation. The method also includes providing an order metric for the particle-based simulation. Information is embedded in the particle-based simulation by mapping local order values of the order metric to characters of an input message.

Abstract: Techniques for identifying outlier application connections for computer security are described. These techniques include identifying one or more connections between a client application and one or more services, over a communication network, and determining to switch from an outlier connection learning phase to an outlier connection detection phase based on the identified or more connections, including determining, in real-time and based on a confidence level and a number of previously analyzed connections, to switch to the outlier connection detection phase. The techniques further include determining, based on the switch to the outlier connection detection phase, that a first connection of the identified one or more connections is an outlier connection, and acting to reduce a security risk relating to the first connection.

Abstract: A method and system determine network based access to restricted systems. The method includes receiving a request for a permission access status of a party seeking access to one of the restricted systems. A database of periodically updated lists of entities is accessed. A name of the party is extracted from the request. A determination is made whether the name does not match one of the entities. The name is decomposed into parts if the name not matching one of the entities. A determination is made whether any of the parts of the name matches one of the entities. A denial of access status is forwarded from the computer server to an external computing device if any of the parts of the name matches one of the entities.

Abstract: The exemplary embodiments disclose a method, a computer program product, and a computer system for managing environment change. The exemplary embodiments may include determining a plurality of change and risk models for a plurality of computing environments, generating a plurality of association rules based on the plurality of change and risk models, and generating a joint association rule by combining at least two of the plurality of association rules, wherein the joint association rule indicates, from the three dimensions, an association relationship between changes and risk events over at least a part of the time series.

Abstract: Disclosed are a computer-implemented method, a system and a computer program product for model exploration. Model feature importance of each model of a plurality of models can be obtained, the plurality of models can be grouped into a plurality of model clusters based on the model feature importance of each model, and the model feature importance can be presented by box-plot or confidence interval.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein describe methods of forming semiconductor devices. The methods may include etching vias and trenches in a middle-of-line (MOL) layer that has a low-k dielectric layer, a sacrificial nitride layer, and a hard mask layer. The methods may also include depositing a thin nitride layer within the via trench, depositing a carbon layer on the thin nitride layer within the vias and trenches, etching back the thin nitride layer to expose a portion of the hard mask layer, removing the hard mask layer and the carbon layer, and removing the thin nitride layer and the sacrificial nitride layer.

Abstract: Deviations in a 3D printing process can be detected during printing via sensors or by user observation. A user can manipulate and evaluate any deviations from a 3D model via a simulation of the work-in-progress object via virtual reality. The user can also make changes to the model, resulting in the printer completing the same work-in-progress object based on the revised model.

Abstract: Generating a target schema is provided. The method comprises receiving an input schema that defines an input structure and receiving a transformation map. The transformation map and the input schema are both parsed, and a first tree for the map and a second tree for the schema are traversed in a step fashion. According to the traversal of the first tree and second tree, a target schema is generated that is valid for all possible instance documents that the transformation map would generate.

Abstract: Software that performs the following operations: (i) receiving a set of graph predictions corresponding to an input text, where graph predictions of the set of graph predictions are generated by different respective machine learning models; (ii) blending the graph predictions of the set of graph predictions to generate a plurality of candidate blended graphs, where nodes and edges of the candidate blended graphs have respective selection metric values, generated using a selection metric function, that meet a minimum threshold; and (iii) selecting as an output blended graph a candidate blended graph of the plurality of candidate blended graphs having a highest total combination of selection metric values among the plurality of candidate blended graphs.

Abstract: Determining correct base container images to support custom container images is provided. A comparison between layers of a base container image corresponding to a current version of an operand and layers of a custom container image built by a user is performed using an operator. It is determined whether the user utilized a correct base container image to build the custom container image based on the comparison between the layers of the base container image corresponding to the current version of the operand and the layers of the custom container image built by the user. A runtime is generated in a cluster of host nodes to provide a service based on the custom container image in response to determining that the user utilized the correct base container image to build the custom container image.

Abstract: An approach for protecting container image and runtime data from host access may be presented. Container systems have allowed for more efficient utilization of computing resources, removing the requirement of a hypervisor, and packaging all necessary dependencies within an application. Preventing host access to container image and runtime data can be advantageous for a multitude of reasons. The approach herein may include, flattening a plurality of root file system of a one or more container images into a single layer. The approach may also include generating a container base image for each of the one or more flattened root file system. The approach may include encrypting each of the generated container base images with the flattened root file system.

Abstract: In an approach to intelligent connection placement across multiple logical ports, a mapping table for a virtual machine is created. Responsive to determining that an entry exists in the mapping table for the port on the peer device, whether a virtual function exists the port on the peer device in the mapping table for the same physical function is determined. A virtual function is selected from the mapping table to connect the local port to the port on the peer device.

Abstract: A micro-electromechanical device and method of manufacture are disclosed. A sacrificial layer is formed on a silicon substrate. A metal layer is formed on a top surface of the sacrificial layer. Soft magnetic material is electrolessly deposited on the metal layer to manufacture the micro-electromechanical device. The sacrificial layer is removed to produce a metal beam separated from the silicon substrate by a space.

Abstract: Systems, computer-implemented methods, and computer program products to facilitate mapping conditional execution logic to different quantum computing resources are provided. According to an embodiment, a system can comprise a memory that stores computer executable components and a processor that executes the computer executable components stored in the memory. The computer executable components can comprise a compiler component that maps a logical reference to a quantum bit data structure in an instruction, to a first engine component, and a deployment component that deploys the first engine component to a first block controller component operatively connected to a first quantum computing resource, wherein the first engine component controls the first quantum computing resource based on the instruction.

Abstract: A method can include obtaining device data for a set of electronic devices. The device data can indicate power utilized by the set of electronic devices. The method can include obtaining a capacity of a backup power source. The method can include obtaining priority data regarding an allocation of power to the set of electronic devices. The method can include obtaining a set of environmental conditions. The method can include calculating, based at least in part on the set of environmental conditions and the device data, a projected electrical load on the backup power source. The method can include determining that one or more thresholds are exceeded. The determining can comprise identifying that the projected electrical load exceeds the capacity. The method can include modifying, in response to the determining and according to the priority data, power supplied to the set of electronic devices from the backup power source.

Abstract: One or more systems, devices, computer program products and/or computer-implemented methods of use provided herein relate to usage maximization of a physical qubit layout of a quantum computer. A system can comprise a memory that stores computer executable components, and a processor that executes the computer executable components stored in the memory, wherein the computer executable components can comprise an identification component that identifies a quantum circuit, and a scheduler component that maps the quantum circuit to a physical qubit layout. In an embodiment, the scheduler component can combine plural quantum circuits, including the quantum circuit into a composite circuit, and map the composite circuit to the physical qubit layout. In an embodiment, an obtaining component can assign the quantum circuit to a temporary storage bucket and can identify whether the temporary storage bucket meets a threshold where the scheduler component can proceed to analyze the quantum circuit.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for displaying advertisements. The method includes associating feature metadata with a product video advertisement of a product. The method includes identifying, based on the feature metadata, a feature of the product corresponding with a section of the product video advertisement when a triggering event is detected during playing of the product video advertisement. The method includes displaying a second product video advertisement of a second product that includes the feature of the product.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, a computer program product, and a computer system for data sharding and topology alterations for disaster recovery preparation. A computer system estimates time needed to copy a data store of a data center that is assumed offline. A computer system determines whether the time needed is greater than a recovery time objective (RTO). A computer system creates a data shard for the data store, in response to determining that the time needed is greater than the RTO. Prior to the data center being offline, a computer system alters a current topology of the data store in a network connecting multiple data centers, by copying the data shard to a destination data center that does not contain the data store in the current topology, where, with an altered topology, the RTO is met in an event of the data center being offline.

Abstract: Methods, computer program products, and systems are presented. The methods, computer program products, and systems can include, for instance: detecting, by machine logic, an event in a patient environment, wherein the event includes a body part of a patient moving to a location within a threshold distance of a point of interest, the point of interest being a location in the patient environment which if subject to contact by the body part poses risk to the patient; determining, by machine logic, one or more action to perform to control movement of the body part in response to the detecting the event in the patient environment; performing the one or more action to control movement of the body part in response to the detecting the event in the patient environment.