Abstract: A pixelated detector assembly comprising a stack of thin detector crystals, each detector crystal having a pair of planar surfaces bound by edges substantially thinner than the dimensions of the surfaces. The stack is disposed such that the radiation to be detected is incident on one set of edges of the stack of detector crystals. The dimension of the planar surfaces in the general direction of incidence of the radiation incidence is sufficient to ensure that substantially all of the high energy photons to be detected are absorbed within the depth of the detector assembly. Each of the detector crystals has a two-dimensional pixelated anode array formed on one of its planar surfaces. A cathode is formed on its opposite planar surface, preferably covering substantially all of the surface.

Abstract: Method and system for correcting chromatic aberrations in a charged-particle beam for automated correction of chromatic aberrations. The system directs a part of the charged-particle beam as a probe at a specimen. The system includes an extraction unit for extracting probe profiles from scanned images created by the beam, a chromatic aberration calculator for calculating chromatic aberrations in the system from the extracted probe profiles, and a correction unit for operating a chromatic aberration corrector based on the calculated chromatic aberrations.

Abstract: A scintillator composition is disclosed, containing a solid solution of at least two cerium halides. A radiation detector for detecting high-energy radiation is also described herein. The detector includes the scintillator composition mentioned above, along with a photodetector optically coupled to the scintillator. A method for detecting high-energy radiation with a scintillation detector is also described, wherein the scintillation crystal is based on a mixture of cerium halides.

Abstract: A performance of a stimulable phosphor layer is enhanced by filling a filler in spacing of columnar crystals of a stimulable phosphor layer in a radiation image conversion panel having a stimulable phosphor layer in the form of columnar crystals formed by a vapor deposition method. According to the foregoing radiation image conversion panel, entire columnar crystals were able to be evenly surface-treated by penetrating the surface treatment agent into spacing of columnar crystals and by being treated for the surface of columnar crystals with the surface treatment agent in surface tension not more than 25 mN/m, and functions concerning properties such as the prevention of reflection and scattering of a stimulating light, water-repelling, oil-repelling, moisture resistance, antifouling and so forth can also be added.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a device for detecting crossing of a horizontal land demarcation marker of a carriageway for motor vehicles, characterized in that it includes at least one box (2) to be placed under the vehicle and enclosing means for projecting two light beams (4, 6) onto the carriageway (8) in two distinct zones (10, 12) that do not overlap, and distinct means for picking up each of the two light beams (14, 16) after reflection onto the carriageway (8).

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a passive infrared sensor includes an infrared sensing element 4, a pair of lenses 5R and 5L that set mutually substantially 180° opposing side detection areas of the infrared sensing element 4, and mirrors 6R and 6L that cause infrared light from the side detection areas to enter the infrared sensing element 4. An infrared light incident surface of the passive infrared sensor is disposed facing the opposite direction from an attachment surface 30 to which the passive infrared sensor is attached at the time of installation, and the passive infrared sensor is also disposed with a lens 5C that sets plural front detection areas in the front direction. A slit 7 for allowing infrared light to be transmitted is formed in the mirrors 6R and 6L in order to allow the infrared light from the front detection areas to enter the infrared sensing element 4.

Abstract: A binderless storage phosphor screen comprises a vacuum deposited CsBr:Eu phosphor layer on a support, wherein the support includes a layer of amorphous carbon and optionally one or more auxilliary layers.

Abstract: Parametric processing capability is added to a typical sensor so that a target object can be more clearly distinguished from the background clutter in a given scenery. A polarizer with several segments of different polarization orientations is used to improve the typical sensor. The segments are sequentially advanced to pass therethrough infrared radiation images of pre-selected polarization orientations which are then collected by respective polarized frame grabbers. Image processing circuit processes these images to yield the polarization difference between any given pair of orthogonal polarizations. In a surveillance network, the polarization differences are subsequently used in the control center, to which such sensors are connected, to enhance the distinction of the observed objects against the background clutter suspended in the propagation medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a radiation detector capable of detecting the radioactive substance accumulated in the tissue inside a body by inserting a detection unit into blood vessels. In the radiation detector of the present invention, comprising a detection unit (2) having a bar-type scintillator (4) which emits light by an incidence of radiation so as to transmit the light from the scintillator through an optical fiber, the detection unit is formed in a size capable of being inserted into the tubules while fine convexoconcaves are provided on the peripheral surface of the scintillator.

Abstract: The present invention concerns very fast scintillator materials comprising lutetium iodide doped with Cerium (Lu1-xI3:Cex; LuI3:Ce). The LuI3 scintillator material has surprisingly good characteristics including high light output, high gamma ray stopping efficiency, fast response, low cost, good proportionality, and minimal afterglow that the material is useful for gamma ray spectroscopy, medical imaging, nuclear and high energy physics research, diffraction, non-destructive testing, nuclear treaty verification and safeguards, and geological exploration. The timing resolution of the scintillators of the present invention provide compositions capable of resolving the position of an annihilation event within a portion of a human body cross-section.

Abstract: A radiation detector having a head and a main body. The head has a probe and a first articulation. The probe contains a radiation detection element, and is movable due to the first articulation. Separately from the first articulation, a second articulation is provided on the main body or the head or therebetween. Accordingly, the radiation detector can move in a different way that allowed for by the first articulation. Combining the motion by the first articulation with the motion by the second articulation increases flexibility of handling the radiation detector. Hence the radiation detector has improved ease of operation.

Abstract: A pixelated detector assembly comprising a stack of thin detector crystals, each detector crystal having a pair of planar surfaces bound by edges substantially thinner than the dimensions of the surfaces. The stack is disposed such that the radiation to be detected is incident on one set of edges of the stack of detector crystals. The dimension of the planar surfaces in the general direction of incidence of the radiation incidence is sufficient to ensure that substantially all of the high energy photons to be detected are absorbed within the depth of the detector assembly. Each of the detector crystals has a two-dimensional pixelated anode array formed on one of its planar surfaces. A cathode is formed on its opposite planar surface, preferably covering substantially all of the surface.

Abstract: Using biased, electrical power feedback to an electrical heater, the output signal from a pyroelectric detector is made to follow the waveform of incident electromagnetic radiation. The feedback power is applied to the detector to reduce the rate of change of the detector temperature that would otherwise be caused by the absorbed radiation. The combined signals from the radiation and feedback power produce a response that follows the radiation waveform with a fast rise time and with substantially less droop than previously reported. The high fidelity of the response waveform allows for a substantial simplification of the optical chopper designs and electronics needed to implement electrical calibration. In contrast to previous electrical calibration with pyroelectrics that needed very specialized electronics, with this method a variety instruments can be used for reading pyroelectric signals.

Abstract: The stimulable phosphor panel includes a support having a substrate or the substrate and a sealing member, a stimulable phosphor layer formed on the substrate being the support through gas phase deposition, a moisture-proof protective layer for sealing the stimulable phosphor layer and a sealing adhesive layer for bonding an outer periphery of the moisture-proof protective layer to the support. The sealing adhesive layer has a moisture permeability of 1,000 g/m2·day or less as an adhesive after curing, a width of 2 mm to 10 mm, and a thickness of 0.5 ?m to 20 ?m. The producing method forms the stimulable phosphor layer on the support through gas phase deposition, forms the adhesive layer and bonds the moisture-proof protective layer to the support through the adhesive layer. The stimulable phosphor panel is capable of preventing deterioration of its characteristics due to moisture absorption over a long period of time.

Abstract: A robust, compact spectrometer apparatus for determining respective concentrations or partial pressures of multiple gases in a gas sample with single as well as multiple and even overlapping, absorption or emission spectra that span a wide spectral range.

Abstract: The invention provides a test device or “phantom” for use in conjunction with medical imaging modalities. In one embodiment, the phantom replicates the attenuation and absorption properties of joint articular cartilage. The phantom is useful for quality assurance of images of joints obtained using an array of medical imaging modalities.

Abstract: This invention is to provide a radiation image sensing apparatus capable of automatically adjusting an incident radiation dose without requiring high-speed driving while suppressing any attenuation of the radiation before detection, and a method of manufacturing the same. To accomplish this, a read TFT (1) is formed on an insulating substrate (11). The semiconductor layer (19) and n+-semiconductor layer (20) of an MIS photoelectric conversion element (2) are formed on a second insulating layer (18) that covers the read TFT (1) to be aligned with source and drain electrodes (16) functioning as lower electrodes. The semiconductor layer (21) of a TFT sensor (3) is formed to be aligned with a gate electrode (17) when viewed from the upper side. The semiconductor layers (19, 21) are formed from the same layer. The upper electrode (22) of the MIS photoelectric conversion element (2) is formed on the n+-semiconductor layer (20). Two ohmic contact layers (23) are formed on the semiconductor layer (21).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for determining the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in a chemical process stream which may include interfering components. Still further, this invention is directed to a method and apparatus for the on-line, automated determination and control of hydrogen peroxide in a process stream.

Abstract: A low energy charged particle detector having a diode with a first layer and a top layer physically coupled to the first layer. The intersection between the first layer and the top layer defines a junction. The top layer is composed of a two-dimensional material such as a chalcogen-based material, providing an electrically passivated exposed outer surface opposite to the junction. The outer surface is exposed to receive low-energy charged particles from external sources. An appropriate control circuit is coupled to the diode, and operable to recognize the incidence of a particle upon the outer surface as a change in current or voltage potential.

Abstract: An image detector for an x-ray device includes photosensors which have at least two contacts on which an electrical signal occurs when x-rays are detected. In each case, at least one contact of the photosensors is arranged on its rear side, facing away from the image source. Further, the material used for the photosensors is an organic photodiode material.