Abstract: In a process for removing amines having normal boiling points under 100.degree. C., present in an oxygen-containing gas, which comprises passing the amine-containing gas through activated carbon and releasing the gas into the atmosphere, said gas containing from about 5 ppm by volume to about 5,000 ppm by volume of amines, the improvement which comprises adding about 500 ppm to about 30,000 ppm by volume of gaseous carbon dioxide to said gas prior to passing the gas through the activated carbon.

Abstract: A new and novel process is described for preparing an aromatic pitch having a high liquid crystal fraction and being suitable for carbon artifact manufacture, such as for the manufacture of pitch carbon fiber.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of residual asphaltene-containing hydrocarbonaceous charge stock to selectively produce large quantities of high quality middle distillate while minimizing hydrogen consumption.

Abstract: Process for deasphalting a hydrocarbon charge by means of a deasphalting solvent.The charge (1) is introduced, at 100.degree.-200.degree. C., in admixture with a deasphalting solvent (3and 4), into a settler (7). The deasphalted oil (24) is separated from the solvent (23). Asphalt (9) is washed in a column and then separated from the washing liquid (21).

Abstract: A starting slurry composed of raw brown coal and a solvent is heated and pressurized, subjected to gas-liquid separation and dehydration and then to hydrogenation/liquefaction. The CO.sub.2 -containing gas produced in the preheating/dehydration step and/or a CO.sub.2 -containing gas supplied from outside the system is blown into the slurry in the above-mentioned preheating/dehydration step, whereby carbonate-forming metal components in the brown coal are converted to the carbonates thereof in advance. In this manner, the hydrogenation/liquefaction efficiency is improved, and stabilized long-term continuous operation is attained.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a high activity palladium metal based catalyst having the formulaPdTe.sub.a Zn.sub.d E.sub.ewhereE is one or more metals from the group IIA, IVA, VA, IB, VIIB or VIII; anda, d and e are from about 0 to 3, with the proviso that at least d or e.noteq.0.The method comprises the step of forming an aqueous solution of a palladium compound, adding to the solution a powder of a reducing metal more electropositive than palladium and reducing the palladium to its metallic state on the surface of the reducing metal and, separating the resulting catalyst from the solution. Catalysts prepared according to this method are useful for producing esters from aldehydes and alcohols and provide greater conversions to the ester than catalysts prepared by previous processes.

Abstract: A catalyst material comprises an aluminum-stabilized ceria which optionally may be combined with an activated alumina and may also comprise one or more platinum group metal catalytic components. A method of making the material includes impregnating bulk ceria or a bulk ceria precursor with an aluminum compound and calcining the impregnated ceria to provide an aluminum-stabilized ceria. The bulk ceria advantageously comprises a high purity (at least 90 weight percent CeO.sub.2) ceria and may be admixed with activated aluminia having one or more platinum group metal catalytic components dispersed thereon. The catalyst material may be coated onto a suitable carrier substrate and then calcined. Specified minimum levels of the aluminum-stabilized bulk ceria are advantageously employed in the catalyst materials of the invention. The bulk ceria may have one or more preferably non-rhodium platinum group metal catalytic components dispersed thereon, e.g.

Abstract: A method of separating HF from a mixture including HF and HCl is disclosed wherein the mixture is contacted with silica causing the HF to react with the silica to form SiF.sub.4. The concentration of HCl is increased thereby increasing the relative volatility of SiF.sub.4 /HCl. The SiF.sub.4 is then removed as an aqueous distillate. The concentration of the HCl can be increased by various methods including adding gaseous or concentrated HCl to the mixture or by distilling off a portion of the water to thereby increase the concentration of the HCl. This method provides an efficient method of removing SiF.sub.4 and HF from HCl.

Abstract: A multiple single-stage process for the conversion of heavy hydrocarbonaceous charge stock into a lower boiling distillate hydrocarbon product. Fresh charge stock and hydrogen are introduced into a first catalytic reaction zone for substantially 100% conversion of the feed. Hydrocracked product effluent from the first hydrocracking reaction zone which comprises a predetermined distillate fraction is passed with an accucracked effluent from a second catalytic hydrocracking or accucracking reaction zone into a separation zone and separated into various hydrocarbon streams including a light hydrocarbon stream comprising the distillate product, a middle hydrocarbon stream and a heavy hydrocarbon stream. The middle hydrocarbon stream comprising said distillate fraction and hydrogen is introduced into the second catalytic hydrocracking or accucracking reaction zone for conversion into a lower boiling accucracked effluent stream comprising the distillate hydrocarbons boiling in the distillate product range.

Abstract: A durable hard structure is demolished by a method in which one or more holes are formed in a durable hard structure, filling the holes with an aqueous slurry containing a demolition-facilitating clinker composition consisting essentially of (1) 55% by weight or more of a clinker consisting essentially of 2 to 40% by weight of a calcium-alumino-ferrite solid solution, 60 to 98% by weight of both free lime and free magnesia in the ratio in weight of from 60:40 to 98.3:1.7 and not more than 6% by weight of an inevitable impurity free from (CaO).sub.3 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 determined in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) R 5202, said clinker being produced at a sintering temperature of from 1200.degree. to 1800.degree. C.

Abstract: An abrasive and cushioned composite comprising:(a) a tough, stretchable first sheet of silicone polymer,(b) abrasive particulate adherent to and protruding from at least one side of the first sheet,(c) other sheet means providing a cushioned support for said first sheet and combined therewith.

Abstract: A fluid feeding apparatus and method for feeding a fluid to a point beyond the apparatus, wherein a hollow member is provided having an interior surface which defines a chamber having a first fluid therein. The interior surface tapers toward the chamber axis from an open end of the member to an interior surface boundary axially opposite the open end of the member. A second fluid is injected into the chamber generally toward the opening formed at the open end.

Abstract: In a delayed premium coking process the particle size of the premium coke is increased by the addition of a Lewis acid such as aluminum chloride to the coking process. Preferably the aluminum chloride is added during the latter part of the coking cycle.

Abstract: Inorganic metal oxides having high surface area and pore volume are prepared by spray drying. The admixture which is spray dried to yield the metal oxides is produced from reactants comprising at least one hydrolyzable metal compound, a sufficient amount of water to at least partially hydrolyze the metal compound and an organic solvent. The admixture is supplied as a plurality of droplets to a reaction zone operated under conditions of temperature and pressure below the critical temperature and pressure of the reactants but sufficient to produce a product comprising metal oxide powders and a gas comprising organic solvent vapors. The powders are separated from the gas in a known fashion and collected. Spray drying of non-aqueous systems unexpectedly produces metal oxides having properties generally intermediate conventionally produced oxides and aerogels.

Abstract: Alkali metal aluminum silicate scale deposits are removed from surfaces of chemical processing equipment by alternating treatments with acidic and basic solutions, with optional rinsing of the equipment between treatments.

Abstract: A composition and method for removing deposits (10) from the internal components (24) of a gas turbine engine (18) utilizing a cleaning composition (15) which comprises an aqueous solution of hydroxylamine sulfate, a chelating agent, a compound selected from the group consisting of ammonium sulfamate, ammonium sulfamide, and hydroxylamine-o-sulfonic acid, and, an alkaline pH modifying substance added in an amount sufficient to achieve a pH value of between 6.5 and 14. The method involves contacting the deposits with the cleaning composition, such as in an apply and soak type pattern, chemically dislodging the deposits from the component surfaces. The engine is rinsed to remove the dislodged deposits and residual cleaning composition.

Abstract: A method for the removal of sub-micron contaminant particles from a surface, such as the surface of a semiconductor wafer. The method comprises washing the contaminated surface in a cleaning solution of a high-molecular-weight highly-fluorinated organic surfactant in a non-ionic highly-fluorinated organic carrier. The surface is then rinsed with a rinsing liquid, which is also a highly-fluorinated organic liquid, and which may be the same as the carrier liquid. In a preferred embodiment, a cascade rinsing method is provided in which the rinsing liquid for each rinsing step is the effluent of the subsequent rinsing step. In a further embodiment, the rinsing liquid has a lower boiling point than the surfactant to permit regeneration of the rinsing liquid by distillation of rinse effluent.

Abstract: Water-insoluble polyoxyalkylene graft copolymers are effective anti-foam agents for reducing foaming in crude oil/gas separators. The copolymers are of formula: ##STR1## wherein R is an ethylene, propylene or butene group or a mixture thereof;R' is a hydrocarbyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms;R" is a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group or an alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms;(a) is a number in the range 100 to 250;(b) is a number in the range 1 to 6;(c) is a number in the range 1 to 10; and(d) is a number in the range 10 to 100.They are particularly useful in breaking microgas dispersions and foams resulting from crude oils with a high gas to oil ratio.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cleaning, disinfecting, and sterilizing medical instrument with a sequence of method steps performed in a single apparatus. The method steps include precleaning the instruments in a container containing a first fluid bath subjected to ultrasonic energy, subsequently emptying the first fluid bath from the container and replacing it with a second fluid bath containing a cleaning agent and a sodium chloride, fine cleaning and disinfecting the instruments by subjecting the second bath to ultrasonic energy and circulating the second bath through an electrolytic cell having a voltage applied to the electrodes to create anotic oxidation, then emptying the second bath and replacing it with a rinse bath, rinsing instruments while subjecting the rinse bath to an ultrasonic energy and circulating the bath through the electrolytic cell subsequently emptying the rinse bath, and drying the instruments by means of heated air.

Abstract: An apparatus for exposing the fibrous reinforcements of a fiber reinforced resin body comprises at least one stage in which a portion of the resin body is brought into contact with a heated resin removing liquid while the resin body is vibrated. According to this apparatus subsequent processing of the resin body, e.g., connecting to another similarly treated resin body, can be advantageously conducted by utilizing the exposed fibrous reinforcement.