Abstract: The present invention is a novel method for freeform fabrication. Specifically, the method of solid freeform fabrication has the steps of:(a) preparing a slurry by mixing powder particles with a suspension medium and a gelling polysaccharide;(b) making a layer by depositing an amount of said powder slurry in a confined region;(c) hardening a selected portion of the layer by applying a gelling agent to the selected portion; and(d) repeating steps (b) and (c) to make successive layers and forming a layered object. In many applications, it is desirable to remove unhardened material followed by heating to remove gellable polysaccharide then sintering.

Abstract: A silicon nitride based sintered product having strength at a high temperature is obtained by sintering a mixture. The mixture comprises a silicon powder or a mixture powder of silicon and silicon nitride added a sintering assistant powder, a compound powder of iron and a compound powder containing at least one of vanadium, niobium and tantalum in 5a group elements of the periodic table. The silicon nitride based sintered product contains silicon, aluminum, yttrium, oxygen, nitrogen, iron and at least one of 5a group element in the periodic table, and when weights at which the elements are present as a compound of silicon nitride, alumina, yttria, a compound powder of iron and 5a group elements in the periodic table are represented by a, b, c, d and e, the following formulae are fulfilled:1.ltoreq.100(b+c+d+e).times.(a+b+c+d+e).ltoreq.15, 1.ltoreq.(b+c)/d0.005.ltoreq.100d/(a+b+c+d+e).ltoreq.7.5, and 0.005.ltoreq.e/(b+c).ltoreq.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy brazing agent containing a flux is made by compacting a powder mixture of a matrix powder and a flux powder at a first temperature so as to form a rigid piece, and then conducting a secondary forming of the rigid piece into a desired shape at a second temperature. The first temperature is lower than 480.degree. C., preferably lower than 400.degree. C., and more preferably room temperature, so that the compacting may be conducted in the air. The second temperature is 300.degree.-575.degree. C. for the secondary forming, which also may preferably be conducted in an non-oxidizing atmosphere, so that the brazing agent can be of an improved capability of brazing aluminum articles and be produced inexpensively.

Abstract: A titanium-based carbonitride grade for finishing and semi-finishing turning operations with excellent properties is obtained starting from a titanium-based carbonitride grade used for milling operations. The carbon content of a conventional titanium-based carbonitride grade used for milling operations is optimized in such a way that it is close to the point where .eta.-phase or other substoichiometric phases are formed. The improved titanium-based carbonitride is also provided with a thin wear resistant Ti-containing coating deposited preferably by PVD technique.

Abstract: A fabrication method for a paste-type metal hydride electrode for a nickel/metal hydride battery which includes; pulverizing a V-Ti-Zr-Ni-type and Mm-type hydrogen storage alloy in which a small amount of Pd and/or Ru are combined; mixing K.B.(or Ni powder)+PTFE+CMC(HPMC) undiluted paste solution with the hydrogen storage alloy powder, filling a porous nickel with the mixed paste, drying the paste-filled porous nickel, and press-forming the dried paste and which, by providing the paste-type electrode fabrication, is capable of not lowering the electrode capacity by preventing the oxidation of active material and poor conductivity and has the effect of a preventing significant decrease of the electrode capacity, a remarkable increase in cycle life of electrode, and the realization of a paste-type fabrication of an AB.sub.2 type alloy in accordance with a new paste composition and hydrogen storage alloy composition, which has previously been regarded as impossible.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aluminum nitride body having graded metallurgy and a method for making such a body. The aluminum nitride body has at least one via and includes a first layer in direct contact with the aluminum nitride body and a second layer in direct contact with, and that completely encapsulates, the first layer. The first layer includes 30 to 60 volume percent aluminum nitride and 40 to 70 volume percent tungsten and/or molybdenum while the second layer includes 90 to 100 volume percent of tungsten and/or molybdenum and 0 to 10 volume percent of aluminum nitride.

Abstract: A system of two thick film pastes containing gold, in which the first paste is deposited directly onto a substrate, and the second is deposited directly onto the first, contain Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, which enhance the adhesion to the substrate of the first deposited paste and the solderability of the second deposited paste.

Abstract: A process for constructing a circular metallic article which includes a hub and a plurality of vanes mounted on the periphery of the hub wherein the vanes are placed in position around the hub, formers are arranged between the blade portions of the vanes, a dimensionally stable belt having a low thermal expansion coefficient is placed circumferentially around the vanes and the formers, and the assembly is subjected to an isostatic compression at the isothermal forging temperature and pressure of the materials of the hub and the vanes such that the vanes are diffusion welded to the hub and the blade portions of the vanes are compressed to shape.

Abstract: The invention relates to a titanium article of manufacture having an oxidation resistant surface and a process for producing such article wherein said titanium has an aluminized surface layer formed on it by the vapor deposition of aluminum on the titanium followed by oxidizing the surface layer.

Abstract: An improved metal matrix composite which, in a preferred embodiment disclosed herein, utilizes boron carbide as the ceramic additive to a base material metal. The metal matrix composite of the present invention begins with the preparation of the boron carbide powder by particle size selection in a jet mill. The resulting powder and metal powder are then mixed by blending of powder of all the various elements such as by means of a conventional blender to uniformly mix powdered substances and avoid stratification and settling. After the particles have been sufficiently mixed, they are degassed and then placed into a die and then into a cylindrical container where the particulates are subjected to extremely high pressures transforming the elements into a solid ingot. It is from these ingots that the extrusion tubes or other articles of manufacture may then be made.

Abstract: A weld rod is prepared by placing a plurality of tungsten carbide/cobalt nuggets, preferably mixed with loose material, into a steel tube. The nuggets are previously sintered and have a generally ellipsoidal shape. A substrate is hard faced by progressively melting the weld rod onto the surface to be hard faced, and allowing the melted material to solidify on the surface.

Abstract: Preparation and use of polymeric materials containing hydrophobic anions and plasticizers for extraction of cesium and strontium. The use of polymeric materials containing plasticizers which are solvents for hydrophobic anions such as derivatives of cobalt dicarbollide or tetraphenylborate which are capable of extracting cesium and strontium ions from aqueous solutions in contact with the polymeric materials, is described. The polymeric material may also include a synergistic agent for a given ion like polyethylene glycol or a crown ether, for removal of radioactive isotopes of cesium and strontium from solutions of diverse composition and, in particular, for solutions containing large excess of sodium nitrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing titanium nitride sintered masses having no residual pores and consisting of TiN solid solution particles and Ni solid solution matrix, in which a granulated powder of the following composition:TiN-pMo.sub.2 C-qC-rNi-sMeCwherein:p is 5 to 20 wt %;q is 0 to 1.5 wt %;r is 15 to 30 wt %;s is 0 to 5 wt %;MeC is one or more carbides selected from VC, WC, TaC and NbC;with the proviso that q and s are not 0 wt % simultaneously;is compacted and sintered. The process according to the present invention can provide sintered TiN cermets of high density and a small grain size.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for making sponge iron briquettes from fine ore with a maximum grain size of less than 2 mm, preferably less than 0.5 mm, wherein hot fine ore is fed to a roller press comprising two press rolls and is briquetted by opposite briquette pockets of the press rolls in the nip to form sponge iron briquettes. The direct pressing of fine ore into sponge iron briquettes has largely been unknown in the prior art. The invention proposes that one of the press rolls be operated as a loose roll which is substantially movable in a direction transverse to the roller axis, the nip adapting to the amount of material supplied to the press rolls and the nip substantially having such a mean width that a briquette strip is produced. In comparison with a former method, the method of the invention achieves a markedly increased service life of the molding bodies which are provided with press pockets.

Abstract: Methods and agents for extracting cesium and strontium ions from aqueous solutions, including aqueous fission product waste solutions, are disclosed using substituted metal dicarbollide ions containing one or more chemical groups that increase solubility of the substituted metal dicarbollide ion in non-nitrated, non-chlorinated solvents, or using metal dicarbollide ion-substituted silicones.

Abstract: This invention, using finely ground powders obtained by either a ingot grinding method, a Ca reduction diffusion method or a strip casting method, proposes a fabrication method for high-performance R--Fe--B permanent magnets with excellent press packing characteristics, a high degree of orientation of the magnetization direction of each crystallite and a total sum of A, (BH)max (MGOe) and B, iHc (kOe), A+B greater than 59.5. Here, cast alloys or ground alloys are coarse ground by mechanical grinding or by a H.sub.2 absorption and decomposition method, and then fine ground by either mechanical grinding or by a jet mill grinding process to yield R--Fe--B fine powders with an average particle size of 1.0 .mu.m.about.10 .mu.m. These powders are then packed into a mold at a packing density of 1.4.about.3.5 g/cm.sup.

Abstract: Interlocking metal parts that slide under pressure on one another are manufactured so that at least one metal part is manufactured by a powdered metal injection-molding method, an in order to improve the sliding behavior and to minimize the binding tendency, a non-metallic substance having a structured arrangement of molecules is admixed in powdered or granular form with the powdered metal of the metal part manufactured by powder injection molding. The substance is inert towards the metal and has a thermal stability of at least 900.degree. C. In particular, ceramic solid materials or fillers are suitable substances.

Abstract: A powder preform of aluminum alloy powder is subjected to a heating treatment and then to a compacting and hardening process under a pressure to produce a structural member of aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy powder used is one having a non-equilibrium phase which shows a calorific value C in a range of C.gtoreq.10 J/g at a temperature-increasing rate of 20 K./min in a differential scanning calorimetry. In the heating treatment, the average temperature-rising rate R.sub.2 from a heat-generation starting temperature Tx (K.) of the aluminum alloy powder to Tx+A (wherein A.gtoreq.30 K.) is R.sub.2 .ltoreq.60 K./min. Thus, the change of the non-equilibrium phase in the powder preform is uniformly performed. In addition, the average temperature-increasing rate R.sub.4 from a processing temperature Tw (K.-B) in the compacting and hardening process to Tw (wherein B.gtoreq.30 K., and Tw-B>Tx+A) is R.sub.4 .gtoreq.60 K./min. Thus, the oxidation of the powder preform is reliably prevented.

Abstract: 18-nor-vitamin D.sub.3 analogs in which the angular methyl group attached to carbon 13 of the CD-ring has been removed and replaced by a hydrogen atom. The 18-nor vitamin D compounds are characterized by relatively high cell differentiation activity, while exhibiting much lower activity than 1.alpha.,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.sub.3 in their ability to mobilize calcium from bone. These compounds would be useful for the treatment of diseases where bone formation is desired, such as osteoporosis, because of their preferential calcemic activity, and for the treatment of psoriasis due to their cell differentiation activity.

Abstract: There is provided a sintered titanium-based carbonitride alloy for metal cutting containing hard constituents based on Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and/or W and 3-30% binder phase based on Co and/or Ni. The structure contains 10-50% by weight well-dispersed Ti-rich hard constituent grains essentially without core-rim structure with a mean grain size of 0.8-5 .mu.m in a conventional carbonitride alloy matrix with a mean grain size of the hard constituents of 1-2 .mu.m. The Ti-rich hard constituent grains are essentially rounded, non-angular grains with an approximately logarithmic normal grain size distribution with a standard deviation of <0.23 logarithmic .mu.m.