Abstract: As described above, one or more aspects of the present disclosure provide articles having structural color, and methods of making articles having structural color. The present disclosure provides for articles that exhibit structural colors through the use of an optical element, where structural colors are visible colors produced, at least in part, through optical effects. The optical element (e.g., a single layer reflector, a single layer filter, a multilayer reflector or a multilayer filter) can include the reflective layer(s), constituent layers, and an optional textured surface. The optical element has a minimum percent reflectance in a wavelength range within the wavelength range of about 380 to 625 nanometers. The optical element imparts a structural color that corresponds substantially to the range of wavelength range.

Abstract: An array of optical resonators includes at least a first type of optical resonators each having a resonant response to an optical field at a first wavelength, and a second type of optical resonators each having a resonant response to an optical field at a second wavelength, being different from the first wavelength. The resonant responses can be selected to reduce chromatic aberrations, or to shape a profile of a light beam, or to selectively switch a near field beam.

Abstract: A microscope, which includes a color splitter that is reflective to excitation radiation, can switch between a first and a second operating mode. A first apparatus can introduce a first cylindrical optical element into the excitation beam path between a light source and the color splitter, when the microscope is in the first operating mode, and a second apparatus can introduce a second cylindrical optical element into the excitation beam path between the color splitter and a scanning apparatus.

Abstract: A security article includes an optical component that includes a plurality of optical channels with a Fano resonance characteristic. An optical channel, of the plurality of optical channels, is configured to pass a first portion of a first set of light beams (that are associated with a first wavelength range) when the first set of light beams falls incident on at least one of a first surface or a second surface of the optical channel, reflect a second portion of the first set of light beams when the first set of light beams falls incident on the first surface of the optical channel, and reflect at least a portion of a second set of light beams (that are associated with a second wavelength range) when the second set of light beams falls incident on the second surface of the optical channel.

Abstract: Examples relate to an illumination system for a microscope system, and to a system, method and computer program for a microscope system. The illumination system includes an illumination module for providing a spatially modulated illumination of a sample. The illumination system further includes one or more processors configured to determine a depth characteristic of the sample. The one or more processors is configured to control the illumination module based on the depth characteristic of the sample.

Abstract: An optical device includes a membrane. The membrane includes a plurality of apertures extending at least partially through a thickness of the membrane. The membrane is configured to structure incoming light having a wavelength to produce modified light. The wavelength of the incoming light in vacuum is in a range of ultraviolet light and mid-infrared. The membrane is configured to reflect the modified light away from the membrane or transmit the modified light through the membrane. A separation between each of the plurality of apertures is subwavelength relative to the wavelength of the incoming light. A width of each of the plurality of apertures is subwavelength relative to the wavelength of the incoming light. A length of each of the plurality of apertures is wavelength-scale relative to the wavelength of the incoming light.

Abstract: A programmable multiple-point illuminator for an optical microscope includes a light source and a spatial light modulator (SLM) to modulate a light beam from the light source. The modulated light beam scans across a sample provided with fluorophores placed under the microscope objective. The SLM includes a first and a second acousto-optic deflectors, said two acousto-optic deflectors being arranged in cascade to provide respective deflection in different directions, whereby the SLM is enabled to scan in two dimensions across the sample. The SLM further includes a telescope relay to conjugate the first modulation plane with the second modulation plane. The illuminator also has an arbitrary waveform generator configured to synthesize holograms, and is arranged to simultaneously inject a first such hologram into the first acousto-optic deflector and a second such hologram into the second acousto-optic deflector, in order to modulate the light beam in response to said holograms.

Abstract: A transparent article in which sparkling on an anti-glare surface or other roughened relief surface is suppressed. The transparent article is provided with a transparent substrate, and a roughened relief surface provided to at least one surface of the transparent substrate. The relief surface has a surface roughness Sq of 50 nm or less measured in a spatial period of 20 ?m or greater in the transverse direction.

Abstract: Certain examples are directed to optical elements or devices that pass or process the light based on a set of connectable metasurface elements having been topology optimized. The connectable metasurface elements are independently optimized or designed to have each section having its own metasurface phase profile corresponding to a desired phase profile. In this way, such devices need not be designed or manufactured by importing a large number of results into simulation efforts, thereby realizing significant saving in terms of optimization time and computational power.

Abstract: An arrangement for light sheet microscopy contains an illumination objective for illuminating a sample located on a slide in a medium with a light sheet, a detection objective, a separation layer system, a first adaptive optical detection correction element, and a further adaptive optical detection correction element and/or a first adaptive optical illumination correction element, and optionally, a further adaptive optical illumination correction element. The arrangement contains an adjustment device for the controlled movement of the first detection correction element and of the further detection correction element and/or of the first illumination correction element and of the further illumination correction element; and a control unit, to generate control commands and to actuate the adjustment devices by means of the control commands such that aberrations are reduced. Corresponding objectives and a corresponding method for reducing aberrations can be used.

Abstract: Optical structures, including thin film designs and components with topography, are provided that achieve significantly improved laser damage thresholds and/or ultra-low-loss. These advances may be achieved by utilizing a bulk window including a material having a band gap that is at least 5.0 eV and a thickness. The bulk window can be configured to increase the laser induced damage threshold of the underlying optical structure.

Abstract: A zoom lens forms an intermediate image at a position conjugate to a reduction side imaging plane and forms the intermediate image again on a magnification side imaging plane. The zoom lens includes a plurality of lens groups including at least two movable lens groups, which move by changing spacings between the groups adjacent to each other in a direction of an optical axis during zooming, at a position closer to the reduction side than the intermediate image. Among the plurality of lens groups, a final lens group closest to the reduction side has a positive refractive power, and remains stationary with respect to the reduction side imaging plane during zooming. The zoom lens satisfies predetermined conditional expressions (1) and (2) about the focal lengths of the movable lens groups.

Abstract: Provided are a cholesteric liquid crystal layer having a high diffraction efficiency, and a laminate, a light guide element, and an image display device that include the same. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer is obtained by immobilizing a cholesteric liquid crystalline phase, in which the cholesteric liquid crystal layer has a liquid crystal alignment pattern in which a direction of an optical axis derived from a liquid crystal compound changes while continuously rotating in at least one in-plane direction, in a case where a tilt angle of a direction in which an in-plane retardation is minimum with respect to a normal line in a slow axis plane or a fast axis plane is represented by ?2, an absolute value of an optical axis tilt angle ? represented by “sin ?2=n·sin ? (n represents an average refractive index of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer)” is 5° or more.

Abstract: A microscope including an illumination assembly, an image capture device and a processor can be configured to selectively identify regions of a sample including artifacts or empty space. By selectively identifying regions of the sample that have artifacts or empty space, the amount of time to generate an image of the sample and resources used to generate the image can be decreased substantially while providing high resolution for appropriate regions of the computational image. The processor can be configured to change the imaging process in response to regions of the sample that includes artifacts or empty space. The imaging process may include a higher resolution process to output higher resolution portions of the computational image for sample regions including valid sample material, and a lower resolution process to output lower resolution portions of the computational image for sample regions including valid sample material.

Abstract: Optical thin film designs are provided that achieve significantly improved laser damage thresholds and ultra-low-loss. These advances may be achieved by utilizing materials with electronic band gaps and refractive indices that are higher than those that are conventionally used.

Abstract: An optical device includes an optical component (e.g., a polarization volume hologram, a geometric phase device, or a polarization-insensitive diffractive optical element) having a uniform thickness and configured to modify a wavefront of a light beam that includes light in two or more wavelengths visible to human eyes, where the optical component has a chromatic aberration between the two or more wavelengths. The optical device also includes a metasurface on the optical component. The metasurface includes a plurality of nanostructures configured to modify respective phases of incident light at a plurality of regions of the metasurface, where the plurality of nanostructures is configured to, at each region of the plurality of regions, add a respective phase delay for each of the two or more wavelengths to correct the chromatic aberration between the two or more wavelengths.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid immersion objective including an objective lens having a prescribed optical power, and a plurality of planar plates having substantially no optical power and having different thicknesses, and configured to be placed between the objective lens and immersion liquid deposited on a sample to be observed, the planar plates being made of a substantially same material, wherein the planar plates being selected according to a property of the immersion liquid.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus includes a signal acquisition unit and a rotation unit. The signal acquisition unit includes an illumination unit including a light source and configured to irradiate a sample with a light beam, a photodetector including a plurality of light-receiving portions two-dimensionally arranged, and a detection optical system configured to guide light having been irradiated from the illumination unit to the sample and passed through the sample, to the photodetector. The rotation unit rotates the sample and the signal acquisition unit relative to each other, about a first axis intersecting an optical axis of the detection optical system in the sample. The illumination unit irradiates the sample with light beams at two or more incident angles in a plane including the optical axis and the first axis.

Abstract: Compact folded camera modules having auto-focus (AF) and optical image stabilization (OIS) capabilities and multi-aperture cameras including such modules. In an embodiment, a folded camera module includes an optical path folding element (OPFE) for folding light from a first optical path with a first optical axis to a second optical path with a second optical axis perpendicular to the first optical axis, an image sensor and a lens module carrying a lens with a symmetry axis parallel to the second optical axis. The lens module can be actuated to move in first and second orthogonal directions in a plane perpendicular to the first optical axis, the movement in the first direction being for auto-focus and the movement in the second direction being for OIS. The OPFE can be actuated to tilt for OIS.

Abstract: An optics arrangement for flexible multi-color illumination for a light microscope includes an acousto-optical tunable filter (“AOTF”). The AOTF is set up to diffract two light components from incident illumination light into different order-of-diffraction directions. The two light components differ in their wavelengths and polarizations. Alternatively, an electro-optical modulator (“EOM”) can be used, with which two temporally successive light components of different wavelengths are set to different polarization directions. A polarization beam splitter separates the two light components of different wavelengths and polarizations into reflection light, which is reflected at the polarization beam splitter, and transmission light, which is transmitted at the polarization beam splitter. A light structuring apparatus imprints different structures onto the transmission light and the reflection light.