Abstract: Apparatus for combining light emanating from a linear scanning field on a relatively small receiver via an optical arrangement producing a scanning light spot with a light ray scanning device onto which a light beam impinges, the arrangement further having optical elements of the transmitting beam of rays located in front of the light ray scanning device, a transmitting concave mirror and a receiving concave mirror extending in the scanning direction, and a cylindrical lens parallel to the scanning field and extending in the vicinity of the latter, the transmitting and receiving beams of rays being separated by pupil separation.

Abstract: In a high speed optical scanning system using mechanical scanning by a rotating polygon, an afocal telescope system images radiation on to the rotating polygon which effects line scanning. Frame scanning is effected by an angularly reciprocating mirror.

Abstract: The optical reading system is provided for displaying the luminous digits of the display of an electronic pocket calculator. The calculator is held within a housing which carries an optical reversing system above the digital display whereby a non-reversed image of the digits can be viewed in a substantially vertical plane. The reversing system is preferably formed by a cylindrical lens and a mirror.

Abstract: A reflector assembly adapted for mounting on a moveable vehicle and employing a revolving reflector actuated by movement of the vehicle for flashing a warning signal to, among other things, approaching vehicles.

Abstract: A scanning system which includes a rotatable multifaceted polygon, the faceted surfaces of which are optically reflective; a recording means spaced-apart from the said polygon and adapted to move in a direction parallel to the rotational axis of the polygon; light generating means for generating at least one pair of light beams, the light beams of each pair being directed at different angles onto the faceted surface in a manner whereby the regions of the faceted surface illuminated by the beams are in contact with each other in a non-overlapping relationship; modulating means for modulating the said at least one pair of light beams; and focussing means interposed between the said polygon and the said recording means for focussing each pair of light beams reflected from the said polygon onto the said recording means.

Abstract: A new sheet material carries specially viewable reflective legends provided by a dielectric mirror. The mirror is patterned so that the reflectivity from the mirror carries a pattern of contrasting colors. In some embodiments the mirror is incorporated into retroreflective sheet materials, and in other embodiments in specularly reflective sheet materials.

Abstract: A mirror for high power lasers comprising a high reflectivity superlattice surface formed of a copper-gold alloy on a copper base, and the method of making the same.

Abstract: A light-beam deflection system for scanning documents of large format, in which a switchable very narrow light-beam is passed over a series of stationary plane mirrors whose centers are arranged on a parabola and whose inclination with respect to the document onto which the reflected light-beam is directed is that of the tangent to the parabola at the point of contact with corresponding mirror center.

Abstract: A mirror-orienting device for a laser levelling instrument utilizes an optical deflection system, a mirror which rotates about a fixed axis in the same plane as the mirror, a mirror lever fixed to the mirror at one end, a component for fine adjustment of rotation of the mirror, combined with a linear measurement indicator, which includes a measuring contact that moves axially. This allows the mirror to be oriented accurately, in relation to a reference direction, for example a horizontal or a vertical direction.

Abstract: Retroreflective sheeting is taught which incorporates markings that are distinctly visible when the sheeting is viewed at an angle under retroreflective viewing conditions, thereby allowing a viewer to determine the identity of the sheeting. The sheeting comprises a monolayer of microsphere-lenses; a spacing layer coated on the microsphere-lenses and contoured so as to generally follow the curved back surfaces of the microsphere-lenses; a specularly reflective layer coated over the spacing layer; and a transparent image layer disposed in an imagewise pattern between the spacing layer and specularly reflective layer, with the thickness of the image layer being greater in the valleys of the spacing layer between the microsphere-lenses than on the curved surfaces directly in back of the microsphere-lenses.

Abstract: A pivoting mirror device for pivoting a pivoting mirror about two mutually perpendicular pivoting axes under the influence of electric control signals, in particular for a video player which reads information from a video disk with the aid of a light beam using optical means, the mirror being journalled so as to be pivotable to all sides and the device comprising electro-dynamic drive means which include permanent magnets and control coils for controlling the pivoting movements. The mirror is supported near its center, while permanent magnetic positioning means which co-operate with permanent magnetic means which are connected to the mirror continually subject the bearing to pressure.

Abstract: A retroreflector of improved efficiency is disclosed comprising, in one form, a light-transmitting sheet adapted in use to be disposed in an angled position such that a normal to the sheet is at an angle of about 5.degree. to about 85.degree. from an incident beam of light. The sheet has front and back opposed, substantially parallel faces. The front face is substantially smooth and defines a light-refracting surface. The back face has a plurality of light-reflecting units. Each unit comprises three mutually perpendicular surfaces defining a trihedral angle of a rectangular parallelepiped and positioned with respect to the front face that the body diagonal of the rectangular parallelepiped is within an angle of 15.degree. of incident light refracted by the front face.

Abstract: The relative roughness of a surface, finished with a plurality of uniform rallel grooves, is indicated in a method wherein (a) a focused beam of light is directed normal to the surface, (b) a light-sensitive device is disposed to one side of the beam to receive reflected light of the beam from the surface, (c) relative motion is provided between the beam and the surface, and (d) the energy of the reflected light received by the light-sensitive device is converted to a visual display whose amplitude is a function of the roughness of the surface.

Abstract: A see-through zone is provided of a shape and size so that the horizontal end portions of the zone will merge as an image defining a target frame into which the user can center a stationary or moving target by keeping his line of sight properly on the target.

Abstract: The surface texture of plastic film cast against chill rolls may be accurately predicted from the roll surface texture while mounted in a roll finishing machine by correlating a glossmeter measurement of the roll surface to an experimentally determined functional relation between similar rolls and corresponding film product.Means are provided on the glossmeter test base to assure accurate orientation of the instrument relative to the cylindrical surface and axis of the test subject.

Abstract: A low-profile raised retroreflective pavement marker that resists loosening and removal from a paved surface comprises a flat dead-soft base sheet and at least one elastically deformable retroreflector attached to one face of the base sheet so as to extend above the base sheet no more than about one centimeter.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a controlled reflection readout for light emitting information displays for such apparatus as computers, compasses, watches, clocks and consoles wherein the light emitting display is not placed normal to the viewing plane and cannot be read at 90.degree. to the display. The light emitting display is inclined to the line of sight and glare shielding means extends forwardly from the top of the display to prohibit reading the display at a right angle thereto whereby reflections from the sun or lights in a room will interfere with reading through the optically transparent window in front of the light emitting display.

Abstract: A scanning optical system of a type wherein a light beam is sequentially reflected by each of the reflection surfaces of a polygonal mirror rotating in a predetermined direction to convert it to a scanning light beam which moves repetitively in a single direction to scan the surface of an object to be scanned, the optical system being provided with means for moving the light beam incident on the reflection surface in a single direction along the direction of the rotating movement of the reflection surfaces and in a repetitive manner in synchronism with rotation of the polygonal mirror so that the light beam may be constantly projected onto an effective reflection region of each reflection surface of the polygonal mirror.

Abstract: An omnidirectional scanning apparatus which generates a multiple cross scanning pattern is described. The scanning apparatus comprises a flat ring-shaped hologram. The hologram disk is rotated about its axis as a small area is illuminated by a collimated light source, such as a laser, to produce a series of reconstructed beams which scan segments of a circle. Optical means is provided to intercept the reconstructed beams and reflect them to a scanning window where the segments produce a multiple cross scanning pattern. In a specific embodiment the holograms recorded are reconstructed as segments of concentric circles and the optical means comprises a stationary mirror for each direction of scan across the scanning window.

Abstract: A reflector for bicycles, motorcycles or the like vehicles, which includes a body having a reflective surface and a rear support housing secured thereto. The rear support housing has a major bore and a minor bore co-axially formed therewith. A bolt extends axially through the two co-axially formed bores. One of the bores, which is non-circular, is adapted to receive a complementary non-circular portion of the bolt. The bolt has a threaded portion extending rearwardly from the rear support housing. The rear support housing includes an annular wall which defines at least a part of the major bore and a cap is secured to the annular wall, for example, by ultrasonic welding, so as to retain the bolt in desired position in the bores.