Abstract: A circuit arrangement for obtaining an output signal (Va) form a signal (Vs) containing at least one alternating component comprises a signal source (1) that supplies this signal (Vs), a first peak value detection device (2) for determining a maximum value (Vmax) of the signal (Vs), a second peak value detection device (3) for determining a minimum value (Vmin) of the signal (Vs), a first signal linking device (4, 5, 6, 71) for obtaining a first resulting signal (V1) by additive linking of the signal (Vs), the maximum value (Vmax) and the minimum value (Vmin) in accordance with the rule: V1=K1*{Vs?(Vmax+Vmin)/2}, in which K1 is a freely selectable first constant factor, a second signal linking device (7, 72) for obtaining a second resulting signal (V2) by additive linking of the maximum value (Vmax) and a minimum value (Vmin) in accordance with the rule: V2=(Vmax?Vmin)*K2, in which K2 is a freely selectable second factor, a first squaring device (8) for squaring the first resulting signal (V1), a second squar

Abstract: A high sensitivity magnetic anomaly detector for geomagnetic exploration comprises a shorted coaxial transmission line having as central conductor an amorphous magnetic wire. A static magnetic field is applied along the transmission line. A transverse electromagnetic wave also propagates along the transmission line and excites a ferromagnetic resonance of the magnetic ions located within the depth of penetration of the circumferential microwave magnetic field into the magnetic wire. The microwave giant magnetoimpedance effect occurring in the magnetic wire changes the magnetic wire impedance as follows: the real part of the impedance peaks and the imaginary part passes through zero at a given frequency (the ferromagnetic resonance frequency). This frequency depends on the saturation magnetization of the magnetic wire and the strength of the static magnetic field.

Abstract: A camera module (100) includes a housing (110), a lens (120), an optical group (130), a drive mechanism (160) and two image sensors (180, 190). The optical group includes a first and a second mirror (132, 134) respectively having a reflective surface (133, 135) and a middle lens (136). The drive mechanism moves the first mirror between a first and a second position. The second reflective surface of the second mirror faces being oriented so as to be able to reflect light to the second image sensor. When the first mirror is in the first position, the first reflective surface is oriented so as to be able to reflect light to the first image sensor. When the first mirror is in the second position, the first reflective surface is oriented so as to allow the light to pass through the middle lens and reach the second mirror.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring system for contactless detection of a rotational angle, having a first body on which at least one magnet is disposed and having at least one magnetic-field-sensitive element, supported by a second body, for generating a measurement signal, the first body and the second body being rotatable counter to one another about an axis of rotation, and the magnet having a blind-borelike recess. The invention provides that the at least one magnetic-sensitive element protrudes at least partway into the recess.

Abstract: A rotating head for a device for the nondestructive testing of metallic test specimens has probe carriers, stray flux or eddy current sensors, a coupling ring and elastic coupling elements. In this way, tandem-like, roughly forced coupling of the pivoting motions of the probe carriers is produced.

Abstract: An indicator rod responsive to environmental variations is disclosed. A handle defines an elongated cavity having a linear axis. A pin is received within the cavity substantially along the linear axis, and is adapted to rotate about the linear axis. An indicator member is secured to the pin such that the pin extends in a substantially non-parallel orientation from the indicator member.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device to mechanically secure in position a magnetic linear position sensor that includes a support (4) equipped with detection cells that are sensitive to magnetic induction and a target slide (5) fitted with magnetic elements and mounted to slide on the support in relation to the detection cells. According to the invention, the device includes: mechanical locking resources (12) between the target slide and the support, in order to place the target slide in a reference position in relation to the support, and resources (13) for controlling the locking resources so that the latter can pass from a locked position to an unlocked position of the target slide (5) in relation to the support (4), and vice versa.

Abstract: A superconducting magnetic field detection element (10) comprising at least one superconducting pick-up loop (12) formed on a common flexible substrate (11), wherein the common flexible substrate (11) is in a non-planar position, such that the at least one superconducting pick-up loop (12) is operable to detect magnetic fields of differing orientation.

Abstract: An apparatus providing a signal related to a position of a coupler element comprises an exciter coil and a receiver coil, the apparatus being operable to provide a signal correlated with the position of the coupler element using a receiver signal generated when the exciter coil is energized due to an inductive coupling between the receiver coil and the exciter coil. In some examples, the receiver coil has first and second sections generating a first section signal and a second section signal respectively, and an electronic circuit is operable to generate a position-independent signal using the first section signal and the second signal. This position-independent signal may then be subtracted from a baseline voltage to provide an improved reference signal for ratiometric position sensing.

Abstract: A sensor for electric field measurement at the floor of a body of water has at least one pair of square or rectangular electrodes (139, 140) with a known area positioned in parallel separated by a distance and connected by a resistor (120) having a value that matches the resistance of the water between the electrodes. The detected electric fields may be naturally-occurring or artificially generated using a controlled electromagnetic (EM) source. In a preferred embodiment, three pairs of square or rectangular parallel electrodes (139-144) are arranged to form the six sides of a rectangular prism or cube, thus providing for electric field measurement along three axes to provide horizontal and vertical measurements of a hydrocarbon reservoir or other feature of interest under the floor of the body of water.

Abstract: An exemplary camera module includes a lens holder (10), a lens module (20), a position detecting mechanism (30), and an image pick-up module (40). The lens module includes a lens barrel (22) and one lens received in the lens barrel. The lens barrel is axially movable received in the lens holder. The position detecting mechanism includes a conductive strip (32) disposed on outer periphery of the lens barrel along an axial direction, a number of conductive terminals (36), a number of electrical sources (34), and a processor (38). The conductive terminals are securely arranged on an inner periphery of the lens holder parallel to each other. A cathode of each electrical source is electrically connected to a corresponding conductive terminal. The processor is electrically connected with an anode of each electrical source. The image pick-up module is arranged so as to receive the light from the lens module.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for detecting or analyzing chemical reactions, such as an enzyme reaction, and other events in which electron translation is accompanied by photon emission utilizing a magnetometer probe to detect a change in electromagnetic field strength as a characterization of the event or of a substance. The event may be of unknown cause and a recorded time course of the change in electromagnetic field strength may be compared with known time course of known events to determine the cause of the unknown cause event. Similarly, a chemical substance may be detected and its identity determined.

Abstract: An increment sensor assembly includes a two-pole magnet mounted to an output shaft and a Hall effect sensor located parallel to the output shaft. As the output shaft rotates the first Hall effect sensor senses the rotational position of the magnet and correlates that to the rotational position of the output. A second Hall effect sensor is located adjacent to the first Hall effect sensor and is used to determine the direction of rotation of the output shaft.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor apparatus includes a first magnetic field sensor and a second magnetic field sensor, arranged on a substrate in a spaced manner from each other, a first temperature sensor with an output for a first temperature sensor signal, a second temperature sensor with an output for a second temperature sensor signal, a first stress sensor with an output for a first stress sensor signal, and a second stress sensor with an output for a second stress sensor signal, wherein the first temperature sensor and the first stress sensor are arranged more closely to the first magnetic field sensor or at a location identical with the first magnetic field sensor, and the second temperature sensor and the second stress sensor are arranged more closely to the second magnetic field sensor than to the first magnetic field sensor or at a location identical with the second magnetic field sensor.

Abstract: A scale section is made of a magnetic material. A repeated pattern is recorded at a uniform pitch on the surface of the scale section. A sensor section is provided independently from the scale section. The sensor section is provided with a magnetic position sensor that reads the pattern, on a surface close to the surface of the scale section. Further, the sensor section is provided with a magnetic tilt sensor that detects a tilt between the surface of the scale section and the surface of the sensor section on which the position sensor is located. The magnetic position detector in which the scale section and the sensor section are separated from each other can be efficiently fixed to a detection target using the tilt sensor.

Abstract: Methods of reorienting ferromagnetic layers of a plurality of magnetoresistive elements and structures formed by the methods. The plurality of magnetoresistive elements, preferably GMR multilayer elements, are manufactured and arranged on a planar substrate. The method effectively allows selective orientation and reorientation of distinct ferromagnetic layers of a subset of the magnetoresistive elements on the substrate. The methods make either use of subsequent annealing processes making use of magnetic fields pointing in different directions. Prior to application of a subsequent annealing process, a complimentary subset of magnetoresistive elements is effectively shielded by selective deposition of a soft-magnetic shielding layer. Alternatively, a single annealing process can be performed when an externally applied magnetic field is locally modified by soft-magnetic structures, such as fluxguides.

Abstract: Methods and devices for inspecting waterwall tubes for the detection of fire side damage over a long length of the tube are described. The system of the invention uses a magnetostrictive strip and a flat coil-type plate magnetostrictive sensor (MsS) that are held in place on the waterwall using a specially designed frame and an electromagnetic circuit. The magnetostrictive strip and plate type MsS are positioned against a tube in the waterwall using an elastomeric pad or a fluid filled bladder to achieve close contact and good mechanical coupling between the magnetostrictive strip and the tube surface. When current activated, the electromagnet holds the entire assembly in place and provides a DC bias magnetic field required for plate magnetostrictive sensor probe operation. Long-range guided-waves are pulsed into the tube and reflected signals are detected within the same sensor structure.

Abstract: In the magnetic absolute encoder, an ordinary operating circuit and an ordinary/backup operating circuit are actuated during ordinary operation in which power is supplied from the ordinary operating power supply; the single-rotation absolute value (1) and single-rotation absolute value (2) detected by these circuits are compared by the abnormality diagnosis circuit, and the presence or absence of an abnormality is automatically judged During backup in which the ordinary operating power supply is interrupted, only the low-power-consumption ordinary/backup operating circuit is actuated, and the multiple-rotation value (2) is detected At the point in time at which the system is returned to ordinary operation, the multiple-rotation value setting circuit sets the multiple-rotation value (2) as the multiple-rotation value (1) of the ordinary operating circuit. As a result, the calculation operation of the multiple-rotation value (1) can be restarted.

Abstract: An apparatus for observing magnetic phenomena including a nonferrous planar platform, a cylinder disposed upright on the platform, magnets placed on the platform at the lower end of the cylinder, specimen suspending means disposed at the upper end of the cylinder, ferrous and nonferrous specimens selectively connected to the specimen suspending means when the other specimen is not so connected, a shaft disposed through opposing holes in the side of the cylinder, and biasing means disposed inside the cylinder between the specimen suspending means and the shaft.

Abstract: Logging-while-drilling apparatus and methodologies for measuring streaming potential in an earth formation are provided. The apparatus and methodologies can be utilized to find information relevant to the drilling operations. In particular, since the streaming potential measurement relates directly to fluid flow, the streaming potential measurements can be used to track flow of fluids in the formation. In turn, this information may be used to find information relevant to the drilling operations, such as under-balanced drilling conditions, abnormal formation pressures, open fractures, the permeability of the formation, and formation pressure.