Abstract: A method allocates frequency subchannels in an orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) network including a set of base stations and a set of mobile stations for each base station. A graph of nodes and edges is constructed, in which the nodes represent the mobile stations in the network, and the edges connecting the nodes represent subchannel allocation constraints to be satisfied for the mobile stations represented by the nodes. The nodes are colored with colors selected from a set of colors such that subchannel allocation constraints of a pair of nodes connected by one of the edges are satisfied. The subchannels are allocated to the mobile stations according to the colors of the corresponding the nodes.

Abstract: Systems and methods that measure the delay (latency) through a digital processor or circuit. A waveform generator outputs a primary (chirp) signal to the digital circuit, along with an auxiliary pulse signal to a delay circuit. The auxiliary signal corresponds to a sample of the primary signal that is input to and output from the digital circuit. A clock circuit provides input and output clock signals to the digital circuit and delay circuit. Clocked outputs of the digital circuit and delay circuit are input to an analyzer. The time delay between the auxiliary signals and delayed auxiliary signals are measured by a time measurement circuit. The analyzer processes the outputs of the processor and delay circuit and the time delay (reference time) using an analysis routine to determine the latency of the digital circuit.

Abstract: A method of processing capacity information is disclosed. The capacity information relates to data capacity in a data network in which a consumer circuit is carried on, and consumes bandwidth made available by, a bearer circuit. The method comprises storing, in a network information database, an entity representing the bearer circuit, and associating capacity information with the bearer circuit entity specifying a first bandwidth quantity defining a quantity of bandwidth made available by the bearer circuit. Also stored is an entity representing the consumer circuit, and capacity information is associated with the consumer circuit entity specifying a second bandwidth quantity defining a quantity of bandwidth allocated to the consumer circuit.

Abstract: A method for staggered zone resource allocation in an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system having a cluster includes: dividing a frequency resource of the OFDMA system into a plurality of time zones along a time axis; determining at least two resource allocation start zones among the plurality of time zones in at least two cells of the cluster, respectively; arranging users in each of the at least two cell according to a path loss in a descending order; and sequentially allocating the frequency resource to the arranged users from the at least two resource allocation start zones in the at least two cells, respectively.

Abstract: A routing method, apparatus, and computer readable medium storing instructions to perform the method in a network having a set of communication nodes, to establish a route from at least one source node to a destination node, which includes broadcasting a request from the destination node, examining, in response to reception of the request at an intermediate node, whether the intermediate node previously received the request, and if the request was not previously received by the intermediate node, systematically rebroadcasting the request from the intermediate node with a delay that is a function of a routing metric associated with the intermediate node, and repeating the examining and rebroadcasting until the at least one source node is reached.

Abstract: A signal transmission apparatus for minimizing a PAPR in an OFDM communication system. A subband divider divides L information data subcarrier signals into M subband signals. An additional information inserter inserts into the L information data subcarrier signals P additional information subcarrier signals. A dummy sequence inserter inserts the dummy sequence into a subband in the position. An IFFT block initially generates first and second OFDM symbol signals using M dummy sequence-free subband signals and M dummy sequence-inserted subband signals. A controller determines a sign bit value and an address bit value of the additional information when a PAPR value of the first OFDM symbol signal exceeds a predetermined PAPR threshold, and then performs a control operation of inserting the dummy sequence into a subband in a position corresponding to the address bit value so that the second OFDM symbol signal is transmitted over a downlink.

Abstract: A digital Vestigial Sideband (VSB) transmission system and enhanced data multiplexing method are disclosed. When 1/2 enhanced data coded at a rate of 1/2 and 1/4 enhanced data at a rate of 1/4 are transmitted, timing jitter in Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) of Vestigial Sideband (VSB) receiver can be reduced and the size of input buffer in Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) decoder of the Vestigial Sideband (VSB) receiver can be reduced by multiplexing the 1/2 enhanced data packet and the 1/4 data packet at predetermined intervals. Multiplexing the 1/2 enhanced data packet and the 1/4 data packet by grouping increases the reception performance of the 1/4 enhanced data. Multiplexing the 1/2 enhanced data packet and the 1/4 data packet alternatively reduces the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) timing jitter in the Vestigial Sideband (VSB) receiver and increases the reception performance of the 1/4 enhanced data.

Abstract: A system and method for routing packets within a router having a plurality of loosely-coupled route processors, including a first route processor, and a line card operably coupled to the plurality of distributed-route-processors. Each route processor includes an internal forwarding information base (IFIB). Each IFIB includes information that is used to route packets addressed to elements within the router.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention may be found in a method and system for handling out-of-order frames. In one embodiment, a method includes, for example, one or more of the following: receiving an out-of-order frame via a network interface card (NIC); placing data of the out-of-order frame in a host memory; and managing information relating to one or more holes in a receive window.

Abstract: A system and method that facilitates multiple systems of communicating devices, i.e., a master device and one or more implantable slave devices, to coexist on a common, e.g., RF, communication channel having a limited temporal bandwidth while maintaining the required update rate between each master device and its associated slave devices. In embodiments of the present invention, master devices periodically transmit one or more beacon messages that are suitable for identification by other such master devices at a communication range greater than the communication range that may cause interference between systems and thus enabling one or more systems to cause the position of its frame periods to be interleaved with the frame periods of other such systems in anticipation of systems moving in closer proximity and actually interfering with each other.

Abstract: Fragment data is generated with respect to a certain data aggregate that is one of a plurality of data aggregates using a coded matrix. The fragment data is capable of restoring the certain data aggregate based on the coded matrix when the fragment data is collected to a required count. The generated fragment data is provided with an identification code associated with the certain data aggregate restored by the fragment data. The fragment data having the identification code is transmitted to a transmission channel. Further, the same transmission channel can be used to transmit the multiple pieces of the fragment data corresponding to the multiple data aggregates. When a receiving party is previously notified of the identification code, it can receive the fragment data by distinguishing which fragment data should restore which data aggregate.

Abstract: A routing loop detection program that controls a computer to be operated as equipment including a counter that counts the number of packets whose IP header includes the hop number for each of all the possible hop numbers when a packet capture device connected to a network acquires all packets captured within a predetermined period, a discriminator that discriminates whether a flat portion or a sawtooth portion exists in a histogram based on the number of packets for the respective hop numbers counted by the counter, and an output portion that notifies a sign of occurrence of routing loop when the discriminator discriminated that the histogram has the flat portion or the sawtooth portion.

Abstract: Systems and methods for routing packets by nodes in an ad hoc network in accordance with a link quality source routing protocol are disclosed. Route discovery, route maintenance, and metric maintenance are designed to propagate and keep current link quality measurements. Metric maintenance includes a reactive approach for links that a node is currently using to route packets, and a proactive mechanism for all links. Nodes are configured to include a send buffer, a maintenance buffer, a request table, link quality metric modules, and preferably a neighbor cache and a link cache. The invention allows for asymmetric links in the network. The invention may be implemented within a virtual protocol interlayer between the link and network layers. The invention may employ any particular link quality metrics, including metrics based on probing techniques as well as metrics based on knowledge gained in other ways.

Abstract: A Voice-over-Internet-Protocol (VoIP) system includes clients that make management connections to an external manager server using web-browsing protocols. A discovery process tests a variety of transport methods by sending packets using different protocols to several ports of the external manager. Some packets may be blocked by firewalls, while other packets are allowed to pass through. Successful packet replies indicate transport capabilities of the client. When a client makes a VoIP call to another client, the external manager compares transport capabilities of the two clients and selects a transport capability that is common to both clients. Transport methods include direct client-to-client connections using TCP or UDP to an arbitrary port or well-known port 80 or 443, and indirect using a voice-proxy server that each client connects to using web standards such as HTTP or SSL. When a client can make only outgoing connections, that client initiates the connection.

Abstract: On the basis of a state of multicast packets which are transmitted among a plurality of terminals connected via a network, a terminal, which determines a receive order for maintaining an identical order of multicast packets to be received by the plurality of terminals, is selected. Upon transmitting a multicast packet from one of the plurality of terminals, the receive order informed from the selected terminal is appended to that multicast packet.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a transmission system for sending digital data on a digital bus (1), to which are connected a number of master and slave modules. The system is characterized by the fact that a number of modules may comprise two connectors (20, 21) to said bus, and a switch (22) or switches (52, 53), allowing the interruption of said bus. This design allows an address setting procedure to take place, before starting normal operation. During this initialization, the addresses of the modules are set by consecutively closing the switches, and setting the address. Every time a switch is closed in one module, the following module can receive its address. The invention is related to several embodiments of the system allowing this procedure, and to the method of initializing such a system.

Abstract: Sequences of items may be maintained using ordered locks. These items may correspond to anything, but using ordered locks to maintain sequences of packets, especially for maintaining requisite packet orderings when distributing packets to be processed to different packet processing engines, may be particularly useful. For example, in response to a particular packet processing engine completing processing of a particular packet, a gather instruction is attached to the particular identifier of a particular ordered lock associated with the particular packet. If no longer needed for further processing, the packet processing engine is immediately released to be able to process another packet or perform another function. The gather instruction is performed in response to the particular ordered lock being acquired by the particular identifier, with the gather instruction causing the processed particular packet to be sent.

Abstract: A transmitting/receiving apparatus and method for packet retransmission in a mobile communication system. Upon request for a retransmission from a receiver, a transmitter generates first coded bits by inverting initially transmitted coded bits, generates second coded bits by separating the initially transmitted coded bits into a first bit group having a relatively high priority and a second bit group having a relatively low priority and exchanging the first bit group with the second bit group, and generates third coded bits by inverting the exchanged coded bits. The transmitter selects one of the first coded bits, the second coded bits according to the sequence number of a retransmission request received from the receiver, and the third coded bits and maps the selected coded bits to modulation symbols. The transmitter then transmits the modulation symbols to the receiver.

Abstract: An alarm transfer method for use in a wide area Ethernet network has the steps of generating a plurality of fixed-length frames from an Ethernet frame sent from a client terminal, generating capsules each comprised of each of the fixed-length frames, a type field for notifying a fault, a forward relay line fault notification field for notifying a fault in a forward direction, and a backward relay line fault notification field for notifying the fault in a backward direction, multiplexing the capsules to generate a frame which is transferred to an Ethernet network, and demultiplexing capsules from a received frame to recognize a fault for each Ethernet path.

Abstract: A method for dynamically adjusting jitter buffer size according to buffer fill dynamics is disclosed. In one embodiment, an upper threshold and lower threshold for the jitter buffer are identified, wherein the lower buffer threshold identifies a minimum desirable number of packets in the jitter buffer, and the upper buffer threshold identifies a maximum desirable number of packets in the jitter buffer. Operating characteristics of the jitter buffer are monitored to identify instances when the jitter buffer size falls below or exceeds the desired thresholds. When a threshold is crossed, the adaptive algorithm alters the playback offset time, by introducing or deleting packets into the transmission path, to allow the jitter buffer size to return to a desirable target size within the threshold boundaries.