Abstract: Method of glazing ceramic articles, consisting of preparing a glaze compound in liquid suspension, preferably aqueous; feeding the glaze compound in liquid suspension, preferably aqueous, into the forming cavity of a porous mould, for the time required to create a glaze film of desired thickness on the surface of the cavity by absorption of the liquid phase; feeding the slip into the same cavity for the time required to create the wall of the article by absorption of the liquid phase.

Abstract: A low sidestream smoke cigarette comprises a conventional tobacco rod, and a combustible treatment paper having a sidestream smoke treatment composition. The treatment composition comprises in combination, an oxygen storage and donor metal oxide oxidation catalyst and an essentially non-combustible finely divided porous particulate adjunct for said catalyst.

Abstract: A tobacco product is formed by rolling moistened tobacco leaves about a cylindrical form casing and allowing the leaves to dry to form a shell. After the form casing is removed a consumer can fill the shell with crushed tobacco leaves of a favorite blend, thereby eliminating some steps in the making of a “roll-your-own” tobacco product.

Abstract: A smoking article includes a tobacco column, a binder surrounding the tobacco column, a first wrapper surrounding the binder, and at least one additional removable wrapper which surrounds the first wrapper and is removably secured to a wrapper beneath the additional removable wrapper. Packaging for a smoking article involves a supportive tube surrounding the smoking article and sealed in a package, where the package is made from a front and a rear sheet sealed together to form a sealed envelope.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a precursor ceramic by pyrolysis of elementorganic precursor polymers, carbon nanotubes are bonded to the precursor ceramic and the bonding is performed in such a way that the quantity of free carbon forming in the decomposition of the elementorganic precursor polymers is adjusted in such a way that there is a stoichiometric or moderately hypostoichiometric carbon concentration in the precursor ceramic.

Abstract: A cast web formed on a support in a casting process is peeled off the support by a first roller in a peeling and conveying process. As being peeled by the first roller, the cast web forms a film, and conveyed through a second roller to a tenter drying process. The peeling and conveying process has a length from a peeling position to a holding position of the film by clips. The length is set to be 10% to 80% of the width of the cast web. The first and second rollers are concave rollers. A couple of blowers are disposed at the end of the peeling and conveying process, to blow the lateral sides of the film in laterally outward directions of the film, to stretch curls in the lateral sides of the film.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes for producing monolithic and metal doped monolithic porous carbon disks from prepolymer organic precursors in the powder form composed of either or both polyimide and polybenzimidazole. The powders are consolidated (compressed) into disks and then pyrolyzed to form the desired porous carbon disk.

Abstract: A multi-component filter for a smoking article comprises: a mouth end segment; a first flavour release segment comprising plant leaf upstream of the mouth end segment; and a second flavour release segment comprising filtration material and a flavourant upstream of the first flavour release segment. The resistance to draw of the second flavour release segment is greater than the resistance to draw of the first flavour release segment and the resistance to draw of the second flavour release segment is greater than the resistance to draw of the mouth end segment. The multi-component filter preferably further comprises a rod end segment comprising filtration material upstream of the second flavour release segment, which has a lower resistance to draw than the second flavour release segment.

Abstract: A parison is blown into a bottle in a mold at the blow station of an I.S. Machine. Pressurized air is supplied to the mold through a cooling tube which will be displaced downwardly from an up position, where the parison will be blown into a bottle, to a down position following the formation of the bottle. The pressure of the air is decreased as the cooling tube is displaced from the up position to the down position.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing smokeless tobacco and/or snuff compositions using steam alone in an open vessel or in combination with pressure and venting to alter organoleptic properties of the smokeless tobacco and/or snuff compositions.

Abstract: A method for the refining of glass by means of high temperatures in a skull crucible is provided. The method includes introducing a glass melt in the skull crucible through an inlet disposed at an upper region of the skull crucible, heating the skull crucible by irradiation of high-frequency energy, and discharging the glass melt from the skull crucible through an outlet disposed at the upper region, the outlet being disposed at a place essentially lying opposite the inlet.

Abstract: A cigarette making apparatus includes a cooling-water passage which allows a coolant to circulate along a flavoring-material supply path which connects an application nozzle for applying a flavoring material to a wrapping-paper web and a pump for supplying the flavoring material to the application nozzle, to thereby cool the flavoring material. A cooling unit controls the temperature of the coolant supplied to the cooling-water passage. Specifically, the cooling unit controls the temperature of the flavoring material by selectively activating a first control system for detecting the temperature of the coolant supplied to the cooling-water passage and controlling the temperature of the coolant, and a second control system for detecting the temperature of the flavoring material supplied to the application nozzle and controlling the temperature of the coolant.

Abstract: A cigarette making apparatus comprises an application nozzle for applying a flavoring material to a wrapping-paper web supplied continuously to a wrapping machine, a pump for supplying the flavoring material to the application nozzle, and a pump control device for controlling the pump driving speed depending on the wrapping machine operating speed. The pump control device divides the wrapping machine operating speed into a plurality of speed regions and determines an approximation pump characteristic which approximates a relationship between the pump driving speed and the rate of discharge of the flavoring material from the pump in each of the speed regions, in advance, and determines the speed at which the pump should be driven, depending on the wrapping machine operating speed, according to the approximation pump characteristic. Consequently, the flavoring material is applied to the wrapping-paper web in an appropriate amount depending on the wrapping machine operating speed.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for producing architectural preforms and high-temperature composite structures containing high-strength ceramic fibers with reduced preforming stresses within each fiber, with an in-situ grown coating on each fiber surface, with reduced boron within the bulk of each fiber, and with improved tensile creep and rupture resistance properties for each fiber. The methods include the steps of preparing an original sample of a preform formed from a pre-selected high-strength silicon carbide ceramic fiber type, placing the original sample in a processing furnace under a pre-selected preforming stress state and thermally treating the sample in the processing furnace at a pre-selected processing temperature and hold time in a processing gas having a pre-selected composition, pressure, and flow rate.

Abstract: A method for the production of a carbon or a ceramic component based on carbon, using a cellulose-containing semi-finished molded piece which is pyrolyzed. According to the invention, homogeneous large-size ceramic components may be produced, whereby a cellulose-containing, semi-finished molded piece containing fibers, chips or strands of homogeneous density distribution and homogeneous structure is used as semi-finished molded piece and is pyrolyzed in non-oxidizing gas atmospheres.

Abstract: A regenerated tobacco material is manufactured through extracting a natural tobacco material with an extracting solvent to obtain an extracted solution containing components of the natural tobacco material and an extraction residue. A regenerated tobacco web is prepared by using the extraction residue. On the other hand, the extracted solution is subjected to a fractionating treatment by means of ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis filtration, or reversed-phase partition chromatography to obtain a first fraction enriched in desired components and depleted in undesired components, and a second fraction enriched in the undesired components and depleted in the desired components. The first fraction is added, optionally together with the second fraction decreased in amount, to the regenerated tobacco web to prepare a regenerated tobacco material.

Abstract: A cigarette manufacturing apparatus has an applicator that is interposed in a wrapping paper supply path for continuously supplying wrapping paper to a hoist and applies an aroma chemical to the wrapping paper, a high-frequency dielectric heating device that is installed in the applicator and dries the wrapping paper applied with the aroma chemical, and a warm air blower that supplies warm air to the inside of the high-frequency dielectric heating device and dehumidifies the inside of the device.

Abstract: A method of making a microstructured article such as barrier ribs for a display panel is described. The method employs a template to provide a discrete coating of a curable material.

Abstract: This is a device to pack cigarettes into a standard cigarette pack. It is designed to be portable and is comprised of a series of wheels, which are located in the interior of the casing. A handle on the outside of the device rotates a wheel, which in turn rotates another wheel and allows the device to operate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-tobacco moist snuff composition having an herbal component consisting essentially of corn silk. The most preferred herbal component has 75-80% by weight of corn silk and 20-25% by weight of red clover blossoms. The present invention also provides a method of producing a non-tobacco moist snuff composition having the herbal component. When the herbal component is combined with a suitable casing component, the resulting leaf-free non-tobacco moist snuff composition has a light, elastic, and moist texture, a soft and smooth mouth feel, a uniform color and particle size, and a long lasting and tobacco-like smell and taste with a characteristic tobacco-like “bite.