Abstract: A light duty liquid microemulsion composition comprises a mixture of a paraffin sulfonate and an ethoxylated alkyl ether sulfate; a biodegradable compound; a cosurfactant; a perfume, essential oil or water insoluble hydrocarbon; and water.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a refrigerant mixture consisting of a first mole fraction of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) and a second mole fraction of a component selected from the group consisting of a mixture of CHClFCF.sub.3 (R124) and CH.sub.3 CClF.sub.2 (R142b); a mixture of CHF.sub.2 CH.sub.3 (R152a) and CHClFCF.sub.3 (R124); a mixture of CHF.sub.2 CH.sub.3 (R152a) and CH.sub.3 CClF.sub.2 (R142b); and a mixture of CHClFCF.sub.3 (R124), CH.sub.3 CClF.sub.2 (R142b) and CHF.sub.2 CH.sub.3 (R152a).

Abstract: A method for lubricating a compression-type refrigerating cycle using a substitute flon refrigerant, i.e., a method for lubricating a compression-type refrigerating cycle which has either or both of an oil separator and a hot gas line, by the use of a substitute flon refrigerant such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and a lubricant having a kinematic viscosity of 2 to 50 cst at 100.degree. C. and an interfacial tension of 25 dyne/cm or above and being a liquid at ordinary temperatures.

Abstract: A lubricating oil for compression-type refrigerators which comprises as the main component thereof a polyvinyl ether compound having excellent compatibility with a hydrofluorocarbon or a hydrochlorofluorocarbon, such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and the like, which can be used as the refrigerant to replace compounds causing environmental pollution, such as dichlorofluoroethane and the like, and having an excellent lubricating property is disclosed. The lubricating oil for compression-type refrigerators comprises as the main component thereof a polyvinyl ether compound having the constituting units expressed by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 are H or a hydrocarbon group of C.sub.1.about.8, R.sup.4 is a bivalent hydrocarbon group of C.sub.2.about.10, R.sup.5 is a hydrocarbon group of C.sub.1.about.10 and m is 0.about.10.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a refrigerant mixture having two halocarbon components. The first component is present in a mole fraction of about 0.7 to less than 1.0 while the second component is present in a mole fraction of more than 0.0 to about 0.3. The first component is CH.sub.2 FCF.sub.3. The second component can be CHClFCF.sub.3, CH.sub.3 CClF.sub.2, a mixture of CHClFCF.sub.3 and CH.sub.3 CClF.sub.2, a mixture of CHF.sub.2 CH.sub.3 and CHClFCF.sub.3, a mixture of CHF.sub.2 CH.sub.3 and CH.sub.3 CClF.sub.2, or a mixture of CHClFCF.sub.3, CH.sub.3 CClF.sub.2 and CHF.sub.2 CH.sub.3. The preferred embodiment of this invention comprises about 0.7 to less than 1.0 mole fraction CH.sub.2 FCF.sub.3, and more than 0.0 to about 0.3 mole fraction of a mixture of CHClFCF.sub.3 and CH.sub.3 CClF.sub.2. The most preferred embodiment of this invention comprises about 0.7 to less than 1.0 mole fraction CH.sub.2 FCF.sub.3 and more than 0.0 to about 0.3 mole fraction CH.sub.3 CClF.sub.2.

Abstract: A refrigerator oil composition for a fluoroalkane refrigerant, which comprises a base oil composed principally of an oxygen-containing compound and, based on the total weight of the composition, 0.005-5.0 wt. % of a boron compound as an essential component.

Abstract: An electrorheological magnetic fluid including an electrically insulating liquid and fine particles dispersed therein is described, wherein the fine particles include a fine magnetic particle as a core, wherein the fine magnetic particle has a surface which is covered by an electroconductive substance, and the fine magnetic particle with its surface covered by the electroconductive substance is completely coated with a surfactant. A process for producing the electrorheological magnetic fluid is also described.

Abstract: An electrorheological(ER) composite material with solid, elastomeric characteristics in the form of an elastomer matrix encompassing an ER fluid. This ER composite material changes certain of its physical properties in response to an imposed electric field (as do known ER fluids), but it has the advantage of maintaining a defined spatial volume without the need of sophisticated seals. It also provides desirable design features inherent in an elastic solid having the specific capability of being molded in conjunction with a containment surface to which it strongly adhesively bonds. Certain physical properties of these ER composite materials and their physical response to the application of an electric field may be varied by varying the properties and/or the proportions of the ER fluid component and the resin prepolymer component which are employed in formulating the composite.

Abstract: Processes for dyeing keratinous fibers with compositions which contain at least one 2-sulphured metaphenylenediamine of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Z is alkyl, aralkyl, monohydroxyalkyl, polyhydroxyalkyl, aryl or aminoalkyl; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which are the same or different, are hydrogen, alkyl, monohydroxyalkyl, polyhydroxyalkyl, monocarbamylalkyl, dialkylcarbamyl, aminoalkyl, acyl carbalkoxy, carbamyl, or monoalkylcarbamyl; R.sub.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, nitrile, amide, fluoroalkyl, or --COOR; and the corresponding acid salts, and at least one oxidation dye precursor.

Abstract: Electrically conductive polymeric compositions suitable for fabricating devices for safely transporting volatile chemicals and fuels are disclosed. The electrically conductive polymeric compositions include at least one matrix polymer and an electrically conductive filler material incorporated in the matrix polymer in an amount sufficient to provide the conductive polymeric composition with an electrical conductivity of at least 10.sup.-10 S/cm. The electrically conductive filler material is intrinsically conductive polymer coated carbon black particles. The coating of intrinsically electrically conductive polymer provides a protective shield against loss of particle conductivity, contributes to the overall conductivity of the filler material and enhances the mechanical properties of the filled matrix polymer.

Abstract: A process for determining the concentration of washing-active substances in a wash liquor involving the steps of:(a) preparing a wash liquor containing washing-active substances;(b) adding a reducing sugar to the wash liquor in an amount proportional to the washing-active substances present in the wash liquor; and(c) measuring the content of reducing sugar present in the wash liquor.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrorheological fluid which is a uniform mixture or solution consisting of a thermotropic polymeric liquid crystal compound such as poly(4'-cyano-4-biphenyloxyhexyl acrylate) and a thermotropic low-molecular liquid crystal compound such as 4-cyano-4'-pentyl biphenyl to serve as the solvent of the polymer in a specified molar ratio. The viscosity of the liquid composition is increased as the direct-current electric field applied thereto is increased while this electrorheological effect disappears when the temperature of the composition is increased to exceed a phase transition temperature which is specific to the respective combinations of the polymeric and low-molecular liquid crystal compounds.

Abstract: A particulate laundry detergent composition is provided having significantly improved oily soil removal activity. The composition comprises (a) from about 1 to 50%, by weight, of one or more detergent compounds selected from the group consisting of anionic, nonionic and amphoteric detergent compounds, and mixtures thereof; (b) a lipase enzyme in an amount effective for oily soil removal from stained fabric; and (c) a soil release polymer in an amount effective for oily soil removal from stained fabric. The laundry detergent compositions is characterized by its ability to remove a variety of oily soils from fabric to an extent greater than the additive soil removing effects measured with comparative compositions containing components (a) and (b), and components (a) and (c), respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electroviscous fluid comprising an electrical insulating liquid and particles dispersed therein, said particles being composed of semiconducting particles having a weight average particle size of 1 to 100 .mu.m and dielectric particles having a weight average particle size of 1 to 3 .mu.m, the weight average particle size of the dielectric particles being not more than 30% of that of the semiconducting particles, the amount of the dielectric particles being 5 to 40 vol % based on the total particles, and the amount of the particles in the whole fluid being 10 to 60 vol %.

Abstract: Improved wet combability of hair is achieved by aqueous colorants for keratin fibers, such as pelts and human hair, based on oxidation dye precursors, which are mixed with a peroxide-containing composition, immediately before use, containing at least one developer substance and at least one coupler substance, and also tris(3-N,N-dimethyl-N-linolenamidopropyl-2-hydroxyammoniumpropyl)phosphori c acid ester-trichloride as a hair care composition. The colored keratin fibers do not show the customary known damage.

Abstract: An electrically conductive coating composition includes an intrinsically conductive polymer dispersed in a film-forming thermoplastic matrix. The coating composition also includes at least one organic solvent capable of dissolving the dispersion. A method according to the invention includes the steps of preparing a dispersion of an intrinsically conductive polymer in a film-forming thermoplastic matrix. The method also includes the steps of dissolving the dispersion in an organic solvent and forming a film from the dissolved dispersion.

Abstract: There are disclosed refrigeration working fluid compositions comprising R125 (pentafluoroethane) or R152a (1,1-difluoroethane) refrigerants and certain polyol esters of C.sub.7 to C.sub.10 branched alkanoic acids or mixtures of such branched acids with linear C.sub.7 to C.sub.10 monoalkanoic acids. The polyols are neopentylglycol, technical grade pentaerythritol and trimethylolpropane; the esters exhibit suitable viscosity ranges and miscibility with refrigerants over a broad compositional range. The acids have a defined average effective carbon chain length in order to be miscible with the refrigerants over the range of 5 to 55 wt. % ester lubricant.

Abstract: A novel heat exchange medium made from a clay and oil mixture for use in absorbing, retaining, and dispensing heat is provided. The composition and variations thereof are most effective when heat treated so as to reduce the expansion of gases when the composition is encapsulated in sealed packaging. Particularly, the composition may employ microwave heatable and/or microwave invisible clays in combination with microwave invisible oils, such as mineral oils or microwave heatable oils, such as vegetable oils. Various constituents may be added to the medium, such as fibers made of polymeric substances and/or cloth, moisture absorbents such as polyacrylamide, and plastics such as polypropylene and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel dithiopentacene derivatives, to a process for their preparation, to charge transfer complexes obtained from said dithiopentacene derivatives as electron acceptors and unsubstituted or substituted ferrocene, chalcogenated fulvalenes or aromatic nitrogen compounds as electron donors. The invention further relates to a process for their preparation; to compositions comprising a plastics material and such a CT complex; and to the use of said CT complexes as electrical conductors, conveniently for the production of electrically conductive films, foils or coatings.

Abstract: An apparatus and method and refrigerant wherein ozone layer-damaging dichlorodifluoromethane is substituted with a mix of less environmentally damaging refrigerants chlorodifluoroethane and tetrafluoroethane in dichlorodifluoromethane-based air-cooling systems. While less environmentally damaging than dichlorodifluoromethane, the substitute refrigerant has a temperature-pressure relationship similar to that of dichlorodifluoromethane, making the substitute refrigerant suitable for use with dichlorodifluoromethane-based air-cooling systems. The refrigerant includes a lubricant which is compatible with dichlorodifluoromethane, chlorodifluoroethane and tetrafluoroethane.