Abstract: A thin flat disc with an orifice or orifices to size and control electron and other charged particulate beams. The disc is made of electrically conductive chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond. In addition the disc contains one or more high precision fine to ultra-fine orifices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of aligning and assembling an optical demultiplexer module having an input fiber, a collimator lens, a diffraction grating, and a photodetector array, and a mechanism for automatically aligning such an optical demultiplexer module. The method comprises the steps of preparing a submodule A including the input fiber and the photodetector array and a submodule B including the diffraction grating and the collimator lens, preparing an alignment jig for allowing the submodules A, B to move independently of each other, fixing the submodules A, B to the adjustment jig, and applying light from the input fiber and moving the submodule B with respect to the submodule A for maximizing a light output from a photodetector.

Abstract: A winding arrangement comprising at least one multi-layered winding body having a plurality of windings associated with a winding band and an optical waveguide, which is introduced therein or therethrough. The optical waveguide is wound into the winding body in the area where it is introduced therein and comprises, at least in the area, a light-guiding fiber and a protective layer applied thereto. The protective layer consists either entirely or partially of a layer of material having a maximum elasticity module of 2.5 GPa.

Abstract: A micro-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a differential delay of n bit periods, where n is an integer number, and thermal bias control is useful as a spectral filter in front of a differential detection system to accomplish a balanced receiver. The interferometer may also be arranged as a Michelson interferometer or a dual-plate interferometer.

Abstract: An ion source using a corona discharge for ionizing a sample at high efficient is provided. In the corona discharge generated at a tip end of a needle electrode by application of high voltage thereto, the direction in which the sample is introduced to the region of corona discharge and the direction in which ions are drawn out of the corona discharge region are substantially opposed to each other to improve the efficiency of ionization and to maintain a stable discharge for a long period of time.

Abstract: A scannable mirror employs a mirror movable in an optical waveguide. The optical waveguide may be fluid filled and the mirror may be moved by an electromagnetic or electrostatic motor.

Abstract: An optical module comprising: a comb-shaped package having a plurality of teeth portions and a base portion; and at least one optical fiber having fiber grating, wherein respective fiber-grating formed portions of at least one optical fiber are placed in corresponding teeth portions and base portion of said package, and the optical fiber is fixed to the base portion and corresponding teeth portion in such manner that the fiber-grating formed portion exists between the base portion and the corresponding teeth portion.

Abstract: Polymers of differing refraction indices are embedded within a PCB to provide optical connectivity of the PCB with other circuit boards via an optic backplane. The creation of islands of polymer material of refractive index n1 completely surrounded by polymer material with refractive index n2 where n1 has a higher index than n2 allows the islands of n1 indexed polymer to serve as optical waveguides. A process of forming a multi-layered PCB with the optical waveguide islands using successive laminations and using laser ablation to write the optical connection scheme is taught. Further, the use of uniquely marked targets in a copper layer to align the optical waveguides in production is also taught. Additionally, the use of clearing polymer materials and reinforcing polymer voids with prepreg lamination to allow a simple, high tolerance insertion of through-holes is taught.

Abstract: Optoelectronic packages and methods to simultaneously couple an optoelectronic chip to a waveguide and substrate using conventional flux soldering processes are disclosed. A disclosed optoelectronic package includes a substrate, a waveguide mounted on the substrate, an optoelectronic chip having electrically conductive contacts coupled to the substrate via a metallic solder and an optical element located on the optoelectronic chip and coupled to the waveguide via an optical solder which protects the optical element during a metallic soldering of the optoelectronic chip to the substrate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that utilizes two or more emitters simultaneously to form an electrospray of a sample that is then directed into a mass spectrometer, thereby increasing the total ion current introduced into an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer, given a liquid flow rate of a sample. The method and apparatus are most conveniently constructed as an array of spray emitters fabricated on a single chip, however, the present invention encompasses any apparatus wherein two or more emitters are simultaneously utilized to form an electrospray of a sample that is then directed into a mass spectrometer.

Abstract: Connector tips for paired fiber optic strands are protected from damage by a tip protector held in position with one or more flexible members that are disposed to cover the connector tips with the tip protector in an unflexed position and to flex to expose the connector tips by moving the tip protector. The flexible members, such as a pair of extension springs, are coupled to the paired fiber optic strands with a clamp that holds the flexible members on opposing sides of and parallel with the fiber optic strands to provide structural support to the fiber optic strands. Bending of the flexible members from parallel alignment with the fiber optic strands removes the connector tips from a recess of the tip protector. The flexible members are biased to return to the parallel alignment so that the tip protector is biased to return to a position that covers the connector tips.

Abstract: Adsorption, desorption and ionization methods and apparatuses are used to produce gas phase ions for subsequent analysis. Non-porous microscopically rough ionization surfaces are used to absorb analyte in situ for subsequent ionization by laser light and release of gas phase analyte ions.

Abstract: A deflection system is presented for use in a lens arrangement of a charged particle beam column for inspecting a sample. The system comprises a magnetic deflector operable to create a magnetic field, and a pole piece assembly at least partly accommodated within the magnetic field. The pole piece assembly has a portion made of a soft magnetic material and is formed with an opening for a charged particle beam propagation therethrough. The deflection system allows for conducting the magnetic field created by the magnetic deflector through the pole piece assembly towards the opening in the pole piece assembly. This enables to increase the magnetic field value in the vicinity of the sample at the optical axis of the lens arrangement at a given electric current through the excitation coils of the magnetic deflector, without a need to increase a working distance.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for selectively transmitting ions using a FAIMS analyzer is disclosed. An ion diverter is included within the FAIMS analyzer for affecting the trajectories of ions after separation to direct the ions in a known fashion. The ion diverter is optionally a gas flow source or an electrode for generating an electrical field to alter ion flow.

Abstract: An electron microscope observation system and an observation method are provided. According to one aspect of the invention, an observation appointment and approval screen is displayed on the two image display units, and the sample preparation-processed in the observation center side based on an instruction given from the operation center is loaded, and obseration of the sample is executed based on sample observation condition information to output image information, and the observation image is displayed on the two image display units, and charge processing is executed based on a content level of the observation including preparation processing of the sample and occupying hours of the electron microscope to display the charge processing result.

Abstract: An ion source for use in mass spectrometry, and particularly an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source, comprises a chamber having a central axis, a sample conduit that includes a sample outlet communicating with the chamber, an ionizing device disposed downstream from the sample conduit, and a gas conduit that includes a gas outlet communicating with the chamber. The gas conduit defines a flow path directed into the chamber. The flow path includes a velocity component that is tangential with respect to the central axis of the chamber. The gas so directed into the chamber establishes a vortex gas flow therein, forcing the sample emitted from the sample outlet to flow toward the heated wall of the chamber. Vaporization of the sample prior to ionization is consequently improved.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method and system of electron beam scanning for measurement, inspection or review. In accordance with one embodiment, the method includes a first scan on a region to collect first image data. The first image data is processed to determine information about a feature in the region. A scanning method is selected for imaging the feature. A second scan using the selected scanning method on the feature is then applied to collect second image data.

Abstract: A negative ion source placed inside a negatively-charged high voltage electrode emits a beam which is accelerated to moderate energy, approximately 35,000 electron volts, and filtered by a momentum analyzer i.e. an analyzing bending magnet, to remove unwanted ions. Reference ions such as carbon-12 are deflected and measured in an off-axis Faraday cup. Ions of interest, such as carbon ions of mass 14, are accelerated through 300 kV to ground potential and passed through a gas stripper where the ions undergo charge exchange and molecular destruction. The desired isotope, carbon-14 along with fragments of the interfering molecular ions, emerge from the stripper into a momentum analyzer which removes undesirable isotope ions. The ions are further filtered by passing through an electrostatic spherical analyzer to remove ions which have undergone charge exchange. The ions remaining after the spherical analyzer are transmitted to a detector and counted.

Abstract: A microfluidic device in form of a disc comprising an MS-port for presentation of an MS-analyte to an EDI-MS apparatus, said MS-port is a part of a microchannel structure (I) comprising an inlet port for a sample, and comprises an EDI-area having a conductive layer (I) and an EDI-surface from which the MS-analyte is to be desorbed/ionised. The device is characterized in that layer (I) has a conductive connection and/or that there is a calibrator area in the proximity of each of said one, two or more MS-ports. In a typical variant the MS-port is in the form of a depression that is in fluid communication with upstream part of microchannel structure (I).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus is disclosed for selectively transmitting ions in which the ions are subjected to a focusing effect such that the overall efficiency of ion transmission is increased. The method relies on a FAIMS analyzer having at least an electrode disposed approximately between two other electrode surfaces for producing an electric field that is symmetric on opposing sides of the at least an electrode. An ion exiting from between the electrodes experiences a balanced electric field, such that impact with one of the electrodes is prevented.