Abstract: A divided chamber type diesel engine consisting of a main combustion chamber and a pre-combustion chamber connected to said main combustion chamber through a connecting port, said pre-combustion chamber being provided with a step member on its inner wall for controlling the swirl generated in said pre-combustion chamber during the compression stroke of the engine in order to reduce the NO.sub.x emissions in the exhaust gases.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine of the type in which the combustion space is divided into a main combustion chamber and an auxiliary combustion chamber connected to each other by a communication passage, and an ignition plug and a fuel injection nozzle are provided for the auxiliary combustion chamber so that the flame produced by the ignition and combustion of a rich fuel-air mixture in the auxiliary combustion chamber spreads into the main combustion chamber to cause effective secondary combustion of the fuel-air mixture in the main combustion chamber; the upper surface of the piston crown is inclined gradually downward and toward the opposite side from the peripheral edge which is brought to a position adjacent to the communication passage when the piston reaches the top dead center, and a stepped portion located remote from the communication passage and a vertical wall having a configuration consisting of a pair of curved surfaces is formed on the surface of the piston crown as the inner wall of the stepped

Abstract: A cylinder for a reciprocating piston has a depending cup-like extension leading into the firing chamber, and this extension provides a mounting for a valve accomplishing both inlet of fuel and scavenging of exhaust gases. The valve has a longitudinal bore through which the fuel is admitted to the firing chamber. The top wall of the piston has a tubular baffle extending in a direction opposite from the skirt portion of the piston to protect the cylinder from solid particles.

Abstract: A dual carburetor system employs a main carburetor to supply a lean mixture to the main combustion chambers of an engine and an auxiliary carburetor to supply a rich mixture to the auxiliary combustion chambers of the engine. Each carburetor has a choke valve operated by a thermo-responsive device. Each carburetor has a locking lever which cooperates with an element connected to its choke valve to lock the choke valve in open position. A device responsive to temperature of the engine coolant operates a single member which moves both locking levers to locking position upon increase in temperature of the engine coolant.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which heat is derived from the engine cooling system and/or the exhaust to heat a working fluid in a closed circulatory system. This heat transforms the working fluid into a gas which is delivered to a turbine which drives a generator. The generator delivers DC current to an electrolysis cell in which water is decomposed. The water is decomposed by the electric current into its oxygen and hydrogen components. The oxygen is passed to the air intake of the engine carburetors, while the hydrogen is conveyed to a carburetor therefor. Also included is a carburetor for conventional hydrocarbon fuels. The two carburetors are connected by linkage which may be operated either manually or by pressure to vary the ratio of the carbureted fuels which are delivered to the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which heat is derived from the engine cooling system and/or the exhaust to heat a working fluid in a closed circulatory system. This heat transforms the working fluid into a gas which is delivered to a turbine which drives a generator. The generator delivers DC current to an electrolysis cell in which water is decomposed. The water is decomposed by the electric current into its oxygen and hydrogen components. The oxygen is passed to the air intake of the engine carburetors, while the hydrogen is conveyed to a carburetor therefor. Also included is a carburetor for conventional hydrocarbon fuels. The two carburetors are connected by linkage which may be operated either manually or by pressure to vary the ratio of the carbureted fuels which are delivered to the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which heat is derived from the engine cooling system and/or the exhaust to heat a working fluid in a closed circulatory system. This heat transforms the working fluid into a gas which is delivered to a turbine which drives a generator. The generator delivers DC current to an electrolysis cell in which water is decomposed. The water is decomposed by the electric current into its oxygen and hydrogen components. The oxygen is passed to the air intake of the engine carburetors, while the hydrogen is conveyed to a carburetor therefor. Also included is a carburetor for conventional hydrocarbon fuels. The two carburetors are connected by linkage which may be operated either manually or by pressure to vary the ratio of the carbureted fuels which are delivered to the engine.

Abstract: A diesel engine characterized in that a part of fuel is reformed into a mixture containing decomposition and oxidation products in a system separate from that of a fuel injection in which a fuel is injected into a compressed air introduced into the cylinders under a high pressure and ignited, and said mixture is introduced into said cylinders during the suction stroke of the engine, and the method for improving the combustion efficiency thereof.

Abstract: An externally ignited four cycle internal combustion engine equipped with an inlet valve and an outlet valve. A swirl (turbulence or vortex) chamber is provided within the cylinder head, the height of the swirl chamber being less than its maximum diameter. An outlet closable by the outlet valve is located in the upper portion of the swirl chamber. A channel-like recess, which creates a guide channel when the piston is in its top dead center position, terminates approximately tangentially in the swirl chamber. The channel-like recess may be formed in the cylinder head, in the top of the piston or partially in both of these members.

Abstract: A two-cycle crankcase compression internal combustion engine having extended and specially positioned intake porting and reed-type intake valves, with the porting and valves arranged to improve various of the operating characteristics of the engine.

Abstract: A multiple plunger fuel injection pump includes a pair of axially positionable interconnected control sleeves encircling each plunger for controlling the quantity and timing of fuel delivered by the plunger. Speed and load response actuators are operative to control the axial positioning of each sleeve of each pair of control sleeves. Adjustment means are provided for separately adjusting, during operation of the injection pump, the axial positioning of each sleeve to balance the timing and quantity of fuel delivered by each plunger with respect to the other plungers.

Abstract: A system for use within an internal combustion engine to facilitate the starting of the engine while cold. The system comprises a reservoir for holding a predetermined volume of lubricant, conduit means extending from the reservoir and having outlets positioned above a valve of each cylinder of the engine, and delivery means responsive to the actuation of the engine's starter for forcing lubricant at a predetermined substantially uniform rate from the reservoir and through the conduit means, whereby lubricant is delivered through the engine valves and cylinders, for the sealing thereof, continuously during the starting of the engine.

Abstract: An ignition timing change-over device for an internal combustion engine comprising a vacuum advancer for causing rotation of the breaker plate of the contact breaker toward an ignition timing advancing direction, a vacuum retarder for causing rotation of the breaker plate toward an ignition timing retarding direction, a first valve unit connected to the vacuum advancer and vacuum retarder, and a second valve unit connected to the vacuum retarder and the first valve unit.

Abstract: A supercharged Diesel engine comprises a valve whose stem is slidably received in a valve guide, the end of the valve stem co-operating with actuating means located in a casing and lubricated by oil splash. At least one cavity is formed in the inner wall of the valve guide in close proximity to the end of the valve guide closest to the valve disk and communicates permanently with atmospheric pressure or a pressure close to atmospheric pressure. The cavity communicates with atmospheric pressure or with a pressure in the neighborhood of atmospheric pressure or by at least one axial passage formed on the outside of the valve guide and is permanently fed with lubricating oil.

Abstract: A diesel engine operating with a low compression ratio.

Abstract: An engine is disclosed incorporating a block means defining a plurality of cylinder chambers for containing reciprocating pistons that are coupled to provide output drive power. Means are incorporated in the block means for valving the cylinder chambers to provide pumping flow. Additionally, means are provided for selectively burning fuel in said cylinder chambers at variable time intervals in accordance with demands for drive power. A variable number of elemental charges of fuel may be injected and ignited during selected cycles of each cylinder in accordance with the immediate demand for power. Admission of air is unrestricted during the intake strokes to result in combustion with an abundance of air. An initially-lean mixture is compressed and the flame to consume it is generated by spark-ignition of an elemental charge of vaporized fuel which is the last to be injected in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An electrically operated valve in which the valve operating means is controlled in its opening movement by a piezoelectric element and in which the rate of such movement is increased by the cooperative movement of a vaulted spring washer. The expansion or contraction of the piezoelectric element provides a lift force to the valve operating means and also a force against a vaulted spring washer to push the washer surface past a point of instability. Similarly, on closure of the valve, a sudden closing force is exerted against said means by the return snapping, or vaulting, of said washer. Preferably, a hydraulic or mechanical amplification of the stroke of the piezoelectric element is included to provide an exceedingly rapid mode of operation. The valve is particularly advantageous to control the multiple and discreet injections of fuel into an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having an air flow sensitive fuel sink-distribution-source arrangement that intercepts the liquid fuel film on the intake passage wall adjacent the intake port entry to the combustion chamber and accumulates this fuel on reduced air flow and releases the accumulated fuel to the intake port on increased air flow while distributing the accumulated fuel about the intake port.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having interconnected main and auxiliary combustion chambers, respectively, supplied with air-fuel mixtures through separate main and auxiliary intake passages is provided with an inlet valve having a single stem carrying two valve elements, one controlling each inlet port. At least one of the valve elements is resiliently positioned on the stem to permit relative movement between the elements and thus obtain positive seating of both valve elements on their respective valve seats. The arrangements permit actuation of the valve by conventional single valve actuating means.

Abstract: An internal combustion spark ignition piston engine has a main combustion chamber and an auxiliary combustion chamber connected by a torch opening. A main carburetor supplies a lean mixture to the main combustion chamber and an auxiliary carburetor supplies a rich mixture to the auxiliary combustion chamber. A fixed orifice is provided in the auxiliary carburetor, instead of a movable throttle valve, the orifice being smaller than the torch opening but large enough to allow air flow at subsonic velocities when the engine is operated under idle conditions. A throttle valve in the main carburetor controls the speed of the engine but the fixed orifice limits the amount of rich mixture supplied to the engine. A fuel compensator system is provided for each of the carburetors to control the air-fuel ratio of the mixture produced by each, in response to engine operating conditions, including idling, high power and deceleration.