Abstract: To permit use of a standard starting switch customary in Otto engines to start automotive-type Diesel engines requiring energization of a glow plug, the "start" position of the control switch is unstable, for example spring-loaded, and returns the switch to "on" position upon release. The ON position also simultaneously forms the pre-heat switch position. The system includes a first relay having its connecting contacts connected to the glow plug and to a source of power, and a second relay forming a transfer switch with one terminal set connected as a self-holding circuit. The coil of the first relay is connected through the other set of transfer contacts of the second relay to the ON terminal of the switch to form the pre-heat circuit when the second relay is de-energized. The "start" position connects the starting motor.

Abstract: A fuel injection pumping apparatus includes an injection pump driven in timed relationship with an associated engine and a resiliently loaded fluid pressure operable member for controlling the timing of delivery of fuel by the injection pump. Means is provided for generating a pressure responsive to the speed of and/or load on the associated engine an this pressure is applied to the aforesaid member so that the timing of delivery of fuel is variable. The apparatus also includes a piston movable to adjust the force exerted by the resilient means on the member and valve means is provided for controlling the application of fluid pressure to said piston, the valve means being responsive to the speed of operation of the associated engine.

Abstract: The air and fuel induction passage of a combustion engine is provided with air filtering structure for filtering the air entering the induction passage and fuel inlet structure for admitting fuel into the induction passage downstream from the air filtering structure. A foraminous panel constructed of conductive material is insulatively supported from the air filtering structure and disposed for passage of at least substantially all of the air moving through the air filtering structure through the foraminous panel. The fuel inlet structure includes at least a portion thereof constructed of conductive material and a source of high voltage, low amperage current is electrically connected, to the foraminous panel on one side and to the conductive portion of the fuel inlet structure on the other side.

Abstract: A two cycle engine is disclosed wherein a pair of pistons reciprocate within a common cylinder to operate a pair of crankshafts mounted at opposite ends of said cylinder. Intake mixtures for the cylinder are crankcase-pumped, and both the intake and output ports of each crankcase are valved. This valving prevents combustion within the crankcase and limits the compression volume in order to assure the highest compression of intake gases possible. A piston ring is included at the lower end of the skirt of each piston in order to further reduce the compressed volume.

Abstract: In pre-engine converters, a low octane fuel is contacted with a catalyst bed at high temperature cracking conditions to produce a gaseous product of substantially higher octane which is then fed, together with air, directly to an internal combustion engine. This improvement mixes oxygen with the fed fuel and uses a ZSM-5 zeolite alone or mixed with an oxidation catalyst for the conversion.

Abstract: The carburetor throttle valve of an internal combustion engine is set in timed relation to a timing control coil by a T-shaped throttle control lever coupled to an external throttle operator and a timing control lever resiliently coupled to the throttle control lever. The two control levers are pivotally mounted on a common pivot pin secured to the engine block. The T-shaped throttle lever is pivotally mounted at the center of the cross-bar with a pair of throttle control cables secured to the opposite ends and to an external throttle control. The stem of the lever projects outwardly toward the carburetor valve input element. A cam member includes a slotted and clamp screw connection to one side of the stem to permit adjustment of the cam member along the length of the stem. A guide wal is coupled to the other side of the stem by a T-shaped stem and groove.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine cold start device has an air valve which co-operates with a valve seat to vary the cross-sectional area of an gas supply passage upstream of a plug valve in the passage. The air valve is urged towards the valve seat by a coil spring and a plunger, which is urged towards a stop by another coil spring, provides a resilient abutment for the air valve which limits movement of the air valve away from its valve seat. The plunger is urged away from its stop, against the action of its coil spring, by manifold depression which is fed to the plunger bore by a short straight pipe.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine exhaust gas recirculation control valve assembly having a transducer which converts engine exhaust pressure to a controlled vacuum signal and having a valve pintle positioned in response to the controlled vacuum signal to control the flow of recirculated exhaust gases, an orifice member opens in response to high exhaust pressure to admit air to the transducer and thereby decrease the vacuum signal causing the valve pintle to decrease recirculation of exhaust gases.

Abstract: End portions of the choke valve shaft project outside the carburetor mixing passage duct. One end portion is connected with an actuator mechanism that is responsive to either engine speed or manifold pressure. The other projects into a cylindrical chamber on the carburetor body that houses a spirally coiled bimetal strip having its inner end connected with the shaft, its outer end engageable with circumferentially spaced abutments. The chamber is communicated with the crankcase breather and also with the mixing duct through a flapper valve, so that the bimetal is subjected to the temperature of vented crankcase vapors.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an internal combustion engine comprising a piston movable relative to a cylinder and a crankcase between top dead center and bottom dead center positions and relative to first, second and third positions respectively spaced from top dead center position at respectively greater distances, whereby the crankcase is subject to cyclical conditions of relatively high and low pressure, a transfer chamber, a reed valve controlled port for supplying fresh air to the transfer chamber when the transfer chamber is subject to low pressure, a carburetor for supplying a fuel/air mixture to the crankcase when the crankcase is subject to low pressure, a transfor port providing communication between the transfer chamber and the crankcase during conditions of low pressure in the crankcase and during piston travel between top dead center position and the first position whereby to cause introduction into the transfer chamber of fresh air, whereby the air introduced into the chamber is isolated during piston mo

Abstract: An internal combustion engine provided with a precombustion chamber which utilizes a stratified charge type combustion process and is of a spark ignition type. This engine includes a main combustion chamber confined between the head of a piston, which is reciprocably fitted in a cylinder and one end wall of said cylinder a precombustion chamber defined in the head of said cylinder above said main combustion chamber and provided with an ignition plug and a fuel injection nozzle, a transer passage communicating said main combustion chamber with said precombustion chamber and an air intake port communicated through an air intake valve with said main combustion chamber.

Abstract: A two-stroke internal combustion engine has a plurality of transfer ports controlled by the movement of the piston, the transfer ports being at the ends of passages each extending from the interior of the crankcase through the cylinder wall so as to place the crankcase interior in communication with the upper working space in the cylinder above the piston when its associated transfer port is uncovered by downward movement of the piston. Some, but not all, of the transfer port passages are provided with pressure-responsive non-return valves which are lightly spring-biassed towards closed positions in which they restrict the gas flow through those passages, in the direction towards the upper working space in the cylinder, causing the gas flow from the crankcase to travel at increased velocities through the remaining transfer port passage or passages.

Abstract: A fuel reforming system for use in an intake system for an internal combustion engine operable with a hydrocarbon fuel has a spark plug or plugs for intermittently producing spark discharges to cause imperfect combustion of a rich air-fuel mixture so that a part of the fuel is reformed into intermediate combustion products and the large portion of the remainder of the fuel is vaporized by the heat produced by the imperfect combustion, whereby the reformed mixture is made optimum for combustion to thereby enable the engine to perform an optimum operation.

Abstract: An automotive internal combustion engine having main and auxiliary combustion chambers for each of the cylinders and combined with a carburetor is provided with an air-fuel mixture induction system which comprises an intake manifold providing communication between the carburetor and each of the main combustion chambers, characterized by passageways leading to the auxiliary combustion chambers and open into the intake manifold or the intake ports for the main combustion chambers through an opening in the main tube portion of the intake manifold, openings respectively formed in the runner portions of the intake manifold or openings formed in wall portions defining the intake ports for the main combustion chambers.

Abstract: The disclosure illustrates an anti-tampering fuel control valve for a fuel system providing fuel at a regulated pressure to a series of unit injectors on a diesel engine. The injectors are cam actuated to inject fuel quantities related to the pressure of the fuel supplied to them. The control valve bypasses fuel from the output of the fuel system to a low pressure region when the pressure exceeds a first given level because of fuel system tampering. Orifices in the bypass flow path cause the fuel pressure to follow a schedule generally similar to the normal system pressure schedule but at lower levels. Bypass flow is continued until the fuel system pressure drops to a lower pressure than the pressure at which bypass flow begins.

Abstract: A two-cycle internal combustion engine having reed-type intake valving, and specially configured and positioned intake and injection porting, with the porting constructed and arranged to improve various of the operating characteristics of the engine.

Abstract: The valve piston is charged with powdered fuel, such as coal, which is initially metered into a fuel transfer channel during a downward stroke of a dosing and ejecting member and then blown via compressed air through the valve piston into the combustion chamber upon completion of the downward stroke of the dosing and ejecting member. A slider is used to allow metering of the fuel without interference from the compressed air. After the fuel charge is metered, the slider moves transversely of the transfer channel to permit entry of the compressed air so that the charge can be blown into the combustion chamber via the valve piston.

Abstract: A two-stroke engine having an improved piston construction which reduces friction and wear between the piston and the cylinder wall, thereby providing cooler operation at any selected speed. The decreased wear increases piston life. The piston skirt, which is substantially parallel to the cylinder wall during normal operation, has a plurality of circumferentially spaced openings formed therethrough. These circumferentially spaced apart openings or holes, which are of a relatively small cross-sectional area compared with the area of the ports, are aligned with vertical continuous portions of the cylinder wall. The openings of the inlet, outlet, and transfer ports are located between the vertical continuous portions or ribs of the cylinder. The piston is disposed within the hollow inner portion of the cylinder for relative reciprocating motion. The openings in the cylinder skirt are aligned to move along the vertical ribs.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for increasing the effective horsepower of an internal combustion engine. The apparatus consists of a cooling chamber mounted so as to be in communication with the air inlet portion of the carburetor of the engine. In the method of this invention, the ambient air prior to introduction into the carburetor is substantially cooled to quantitatively increase the weight of oxygen in the volume of air introduced into the carburetor. This makes it possible to feed an additional amount of fuel to the engine while maintaining the optimum air-fuel ratio, thereby effectively increasing the horsepower obtainable from the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine of the type in which the combustion space is divided into a main combustion chamber and an auxiliary combustion chamber connected to each other by a communication passage, and an ignition plug and a fuel injection nozzle are provided for the auxiliary combustion chamber so that the flame produced by the ignition and combustion of a arch fuel-air mixture in the auxiliary combustion chamber spreads into the main combustion chamber to cause effective secondary combustion in the main combustion chamber, and the upper surface of a crown of the piston has a conical configuration of which the apex is located to be brought to a position adjacent to the center of the opening of the communication passage opened to the main combustion chamber when the piston reaches the upper dead point in the compression stroke thereof, and the crown has a bank formed on the peripheral edge of the crown.