Abstract: Hyperspectral imaging sensors that can readily switch between multiple common aperture imagers, and are more compact and lightweight than previous hyperspectral sensor designs.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer readable media for tracking signals from modular sensor segments are disclosed. One system includes modular sensor segments for tracking interactions with objects where each sensor segment includes an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver for tracking human physical interaction with objects. Each modular sensor segment includes a circuit board on which the transmitter and receiver are mounted and a light shield mounted on the circuit board configured to separate, transmit and receive optical signal paths.

Abstract: A downhole logging tool comprises an optical sensor to sense a field related to a formation parameter at a first location along the downhole logging tool. A processor receives information from the optical sensor and provides an evaluation of the formation parameter.

Abstract: A neutron detecting system and method. The neutron detecting system may include one or more coated substrates including a piezoelectric substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite of the first surface, a coating of 10boron (10B) on the first surface, and a conductive backplane deposited on the second surface. The coated substrates may be stacked to form a stacked layer array. When the neutrons are captured by the coating of 10B on the coated substrates, energy will be released, causing crystal dislocation of the piezoelectric substrate, thus producing an electric signal through the conductive backplane of the coated substrates. The electric signal may be received with an amplifier to produce an amplified electric signal provided to a processor or circuitry. The processor or circuitry may send a notification signal to a visual or audible user interface indicating detection of the neutrons.

Abstract: A multifunctional infrared (IR) module is configured for multiple IR applications without an additional microcontroller to be integrated into a computing device and is able to utilize voltage control instead of current control. The multifunctional IR module includes an IR light emitting diode (LED), and an IR receiver (e.g., photodiode or phototransistor). In one embodiment, the multifunctional IR module includes a resistor that is connected to the cathode of the IR LED and the drain of a transistor, with the source of the transistor grounded. In some embodiments, the multifunctional IR module additionally includes a red LED. Various configurations of the multifunctional IR module are able to perform one or more of the following functions: IR in (receiving IR signals), IR out (generating IR signals), heart rate sensing, SpO2 (oxygen saturation) sensing, distance/proximity detection, gesture detection, LED control, and ambient light detection.

Abstract: A direct-conversion counting x-ray detector includes an analog front end. The analog front end is one-stage. The one stage includes a preamplifier and a pulse shaping unit.

Abstract: An infrared detector may be configured to detect a wide bandwidth of infrared spectrum using a broadband surface plasmon resonator. The infrared detector may include a substrate; a thermistor member disposed spaced from the substrate, the thermistor member having a resistance value that varies according to temperature; a resonator disposed on the thermistor member, the resonator configured to generate surface plasmon resonance; a pair of thermal legs configured to support the thermistor member such that the thermistor member is disposed spaced from the substrate; and a pair of conductive lead wires respectively disposed on the pair of thermal legs. The conductive lead wires may be configured to transmit signals to the substrate from the thermistor member and the resonator. The resonator may have a plurality of resonant frequencies and be configured to generate the surface plasmon resonance in a plurality of resonant modes.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a multi-band position sensor and a multi-band optical detector are disclosed. This system comprises a dual-axis, lateral-effect position sensor for locating spots of light that has energy in two wavelength bands. This sensor senses the time-varying intensities of the light in each of the two wavelength bands. This sensor also provides the location of the spot of light on the light-detecting plane of the sensor. Examples are provided for light of two mid-wave infrared (MWIR) wavelength bands or of a short-wave infrared (SWIR) and a MWIR band. This sensor approach, could be applied to detect light of other wavelength bands, such as a combination of a MWIR and a long-wave infrared (LWIR) band. This concept is extended to an array of detectors for multi-band optical detection and multi-source location and tracking. Monolithic chip level fabrication of the multi-band detectors is also discussed.

Abstract: A Schottky diode is monolithically integrated into the core of an infrared semiconductor laser (e.g., a quantum cascade laser) to create a heterodyned infrared transceiver. The internal mode field of the infrared semiconductor laser couples to an embedded Schottky diode and can mix the infrared fields to generate a response at the difference frequency.

Abstract: A luminescent composition includes a host matrix sensitized by Ce3+ and showing emission in the ultraviolet range. Typical host matrices include fluorides, sulphates, and phosphates, in particular A(Y1-x-yLuxLay)F4, A(Y1-x-yLuxLay)3F10, BaCa(Y1-x-yLuxLay)2F10, and Ba(Y1-x-yLuxLay)2F8, wherein A=Li, Na, K, Rb, or Cs. One or more of these luminescent compositions may be applied as a ceramic or single crystalline converter for CT, PET or SPECT scanners, or as a luminescent powder layer for x-ray intensifying screens.

Abstract: A particle detector includes a housing, a light source, and a photo-responsive material. The housing includes a sample inlet and a sample outlet, and encloses a detection cavity. The light source directs irradiating light along a longitudinal axis to particles of a sample fluid flowing in the detection cavity. The photo-responsive material surrounds at least a portion of the detection cavity, and receives measurement light propagating from the particles in a plurality of measurement light paths angled relative to the longitudinal axis. The particle detector may be utilized to measure scattered light and/or light emitted due to autofluorescence. Fluids sampled may include aerosols, bio-aerosols, and liquids.

Abstract: A system to authenticate and identify items is described herein. An example apparatus includes an illuminating source to illuminate a sample with a first emission of light having a peak wavelength at a first wavelength and a second emission of light having a peak wavelength at a second wavelength, a photo element to detect a first optical response emitted by the sample after the first emission of light and to detect a second optical response emitted by the sample after the second emission of light, and an identifier to identify the sample based on the first optical response and the second optical response.

Abstract: A method for characterizing food-grade wooden part-components, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: emitting an IR radiation beam towards food-grade wooden part-components, receiving radiations reflected/transmitted by the radiated wooden part-components, processing said radiations reflected/transmitted by the radiated food-grade wooden part-components to generate information indicative of the radiation spectrum, determining, on the basis of said spectrum, the quantities PE(i) of odor active volatile compounds present in the food-grade wooden part-components, and characterizing said wooden part-components on the basis of determined quantities PE(i) of odor active volatile compounds.

Abstract: A method for determining a petrophysical property of a formation includes detecting radiation events resulting from imparting neutrons into the formation at an energy level of at least 1 MeV. The petrophysical property is determined from an elastic scattering cross section of the formation. The elastic scattering cross section is related to a number of detected radiation events.

Abstract: A radiation dosimeter records absorbed radiation using a passive radiation sensor having one or more radiation-sensitive elements (RSEs) and a radiation-insensitive element (RIE). Floating gate MOSFET technology is used for both the RSEs and the RIE. A reader is connected to the sensor by means of a switching channel in order to pre-charge the sensor before exposure and to read the sensor voltage signals after exposure to radiation. The voltage signals of the RIE are used to correct for the spurious effect of voltage retention loss in the RSEs.

Abstract: A temperature detection system for railway applications is provided. The system may include at least one infrared (IR) sensing element configured to detect IR signals emitted by a rail or a railcar, and a controller in communication with the at least one IR sensing element. The controller may be configured to receive the IR signals from the at least one IR sensing element, extract IR data corresponding to at least one of a rail and an undercarriage of the railcar from the IR signals, and generate a characteristic thermal profile of at least one of an ambient temperature and a rail temperature based on the IR data.

Abstract: A crystal material that is represented by a general formula (1): (RExA1-x-y-sByM?s)2+?(Si1-t,M?t)2+?O7+? (1), the crystal material having a pyrochlore type structure, being a nonstoichiometric composition, and being a congruent melting composition, wherein in Formula (1), A contains at least one or more selected from Gd, Y, La, Sc, Yb, and Lu; B contains at least one or more selected from La, Gd, Yb, Lu, Y, and Sc; 0.1?y<0.4; RE contains at least one or more selected from Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Tb, and Yb; 0<x<0.1; M? and M? contain at least one or more selected from Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, Zr, Hf, Fe, Ta, and W; 0?s<0.01 and 0?t<0.01; and 0<|?|<0.3 and 0?|?|<0.3 and 0?|?|<0.5.

Abstract: A radioisotope generator that releases a daughter radioisotope from radioactive decay of a corresponding parent isotope, such as a 82Sr/82Rb radioisotope generator or 68Ge/68Ga radioisotope generator, may be used to generate radioisotopes for medical imaging applications. In some examples, a gamma ray detector is positioned to detect gamma rays emanating from radioactive eluate flowing from the generator. Based on the detected gamma rays, an activity of the daughter radioisotope in the eluate and an activity of the parent radioisotope in the eluate may be determined. Depending on the application, the activity of the daughter radioisotope and the activity of the parent radioisotope may be determined in substantially real time, e.g., so that the eluate can be diverted from patient dosing based on determined activity information for the eluate.

Abstract: A passive infrared sensor having a radiation capture component may be housed within a sensor device. The device may also house radiation emission components, such as light emitting diodes, in proximity to the capture component. Electronic circuitry within the device may generate a signal that causes the emission components to emit radiation that includes wavelengths in the infrared spectrum. The infrared radiation may be captured at the capture component. Characteristics of a signal generated by the capture component may be compared to test characteristics. Based on this comparison, it may be determined that the passive infrared sensor is not operating properly.

Abstract: In a photoelectric changing unit, a photoelectric conversion unit converts light into electric charge, and an electric charge accumulation unit accumulates the electric charge in a polygonal area whose plurality of sides are adjacent to the photoelectric conversion unit on a light receiving surface. A voltage generation unit accumulates the electric charge and generates a voltage according to an amount of the accumulated electric charge. A first transfer unit transfers the electric charge from the photoelectric conversion unit to the electric charge accumulation unit when an instruction on a transfer to the electric charge accumulation unit is issued. A second transfer unit transfers the electric charge from the electric charge accumulation unit to the voltage generation unit when an instruction on a transfer to the voltage generation unit is issued.