Abstract: Mechanical treatment of a pulp slurry of up to 50% O.D. consistency by dewatering and compacting the pulp permanently twists and kinks individual fibers to a degree that is substantially irreversible when they are subsequently subjected to papermaking process steps. The preferred device for imparting such permanent twisting and kinking is a plug screw feeder. Pulp that has been so treated exhibits increased desired drainability in the wet section of a papermachine. Such treated pulp also loses water vapor more easily in the dryer section than untreated pulp, and correspondingly results in less energy consumption in the dryer section of a papermachine. Pulp treated in accordance with the invention also exhibits increased absorbency. Tissue or other soft paper products produced from softwood pulp treated in accordance with the invention exhibit significantly increased softness over such untreated softwood pulp.

Abstract: A method for preventing plugging of a suction roll of a paper machine is described, which includes showering sealing water having incorporated therein from 10 to 500 ppm by weight, based on the sealing water, of malic acid on an inner wall of a shell of the suction roll.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for forming a coated metal object comprises preparing a laminate of an unformed metal substrate and a fabric having a thermoplastic adhesive layer interposed between and adhered to the metal substrate and fabric; forming the laminate into the desired metal object; and coating the formed metal object with a suitable coating material.

Abstract: An improved process for producing a laminated resin foam composed of two resin foam layers of different characteristic properties wherein the layers are integrally bonded together. A first foamable resin liquid for forming flexible foam is poured into a first space in a foam processing mold on one side of a barrier projecting from the wall of the mold and pouring a second foamable resin liquid for forming a foam less flexible than the first flexible foam into a second space in said foam processing mold on the other side of said barrier. The two foamable resin liquids foam beyond the barrier into contact with each other to form the two laminated foam layers. One improvement in the process includes wetting a substantial portion of the mold cavity with the first foamable resin liquid. Various shapes of molds and barriers will produce different shapes and characteristics of the resultant foam pad, such as for a car seat.

Abstract: An optical transmission fiber comprising (1) a core of high refractive index composed of SiO.sub.2 -based glass containing at least one of GeO.sub.2, As.sub.2 O.sub.3, Sb.sub.2 O.sub.5, SnO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, PbO and Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, (2) a clad of low refractive index composed of SiO.sub.2 -based glass containing at least one of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, F, F/B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and F/P.sub.2 O.sub.5, and (3) an outermost jacket layer composed of SiO.sub.2 and/or SiO.sub.2 -based glass containing at least one of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2 and HfO.sub.2.

Abstract: A process for molding foam products from foam precursors reacted in a mold cavity formed in part by a mold lid and which is covered by a double layer cover to maintain the surface of the lid clean during the foaming process comprising the steps of: providing a double layered cover having four working surfaces; adhering one of the working surfaces to the lid and thereafter closing the tool lid and foaming the part. The lid is opened and the cover and foam part are separated from the mold. The lid is separated from the double layer cover and foam part at a working surface of low strength adhesive; a release sheet of the cover is separated at two other working surfaces to expose a high strength adhesive for connecting the foam part to another member. The double layer cover used for practicing the process includes a foam layer adapted to have one surface thereof bonded to foam material and including a high strength adhesive backing thereon.

Abstract: Halide fibres are protected by coatings up to 2 .mu.m thick of chalcogenide glasses, eg glasses based on compounds of S, Se or Te with Ge or As. The coatings are deposited on the fibre preform by ion deposition sputtering. Preferably the preform is ethced by directing a stream of inert ions at it. Most suitably the etching immediately precedes the coating.

Abstract: A system (10) is provided for etching a surface (14). A vacuum enclosure (12) is provided to create a vacuum around containers (13) and the surface to be etched (14). A pressurized gas source (16) is utilized to input gas into the containers (13). A wire coil (38) is wrapped around the containers (13) and provided with an oscillator (40) to generate radio frequency energy. The radio frequency energy excites the gas within the containers (13) which is then discharged through an output opening (46) toward the surface to be etched (14). A vacuum pump (20) is provided to evacuate the enclosure (12).

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an air-pervious insole being uneasily deformable is provided. The method includes (1) preparing from a foaming material an elastic base piece having through holes, (2) cutting from the base piece a layer of the foamed material to present a rough surface, (3) adhering a cloth layer on the rough surface, then (4) baking to soften the base piece, then (5) molding in a cooling mold, and finally cutting the cooled and molded piece to obtain an air-pervious insole.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for etching semiconductor surfaces, in particular, ilicon, with a mixture containing nitrogen-oxygen based compounds as oxidizing compounds, hydrofluoric acid as the component which dissolves the oxidation product, and sulfuric acid, optionally with phosphoric acid added, as a carrier medium. This mixture makes it possible to design the process as a cyclic process in which oxygen supplied to the system ultimately effects an oxidation of the material to be etched, and the product of its oxidation is removed from the circuit. The process is noteworthy for its low usage of reagents and because it is not harmful to the environment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a semiconductor photoelectric conversion device which has a laminate member composed of a plurality of PIN structures formed one on the other. The manufacturing method includes a laminate member forming step and an electrode forming step. In the laminate member forming step, the first and second PIN structures and the transparent conductive layers are formed. In the electorde forming step a metal layer is annealed to form a metal silicide layer and the remaining metal layer is removed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rapid analysis of a sample medium, particularly a flowing sample medium employ light of a defined wavelength which is guided onto a luminescent layer in contact with the sample medium, the luminescent properties of the layer varying in dependence upon characteristics of the sample medium which are to be analyzed. The luminescent light is monitored by detectors, the detector signals being a measure for the characteristic of interest. For undertaking identification of a particular characteristic with very short follow-up time, even in the presence of a number of other characteristics which influence the luminescent properties, the luminescent intensity is identified for a number of different wavelength regions corresponding in number to the number of characteristics, each characteristic differently influencing the luminescent properties in at least one wavelength region.

Abstract: In a method for the formation of an isolating oxide layer on a silicon substrate, an anti-nitridation layer is formed on a silicon substrate at locations where isolating oxide is desired. The anti-nitridation layer has openings therethrough which expose the silicon substrate at locations where isolating oxide is not desired. A thin silicon nitride layer is selectively grown at the locations where isolating oxide is not desired by nitridation of the exposed silicon substrate. Isolating oxide is then selectively grown at the locations where isolating oxide is desired. The thin silicon nitride layer inhibits oxide growth at the locations where isolating oxide is not desired. The method reduces "bird's beak" formation and is particularly applicable to high density IGFET devices.

Abstract: A mold assembly for molding vinyl skin shell-covered and foam-filled products, such as an automotive instrument panel, wherein waste portions of the shell and foam are eliminated from the molded product. This eliminates having to manually trim such portions from the finished product after molding. Specifically, compressible foam or silicone rubber gaskets or spacers of predetermined shaped, such as the shape of an opening suitable for a radio speaker, are placed in the mold and compressed between the mold lid and the bottom surface of the mold cavity.

Abstract: In the P.C.V.D. process, in principal the quartz tube need not be rotated during the deposition of the glass layers. However, it has been found in practice that an improvement in the quality of the glass fibers can be obtained if the quartz tube is rotated regularly over an angle of 360.degree./n. n is preferably equal to an integer from 2 to 12.

Abstract: A door assembly having compression molded skins and compression molded panel. The panel may be molded with one of the skins or molded separately. The surfaces of the panel and a surface of each of the skins have a textured pattern which simulates the grain and texture of a wood door. A core is positioned between said skins. The construction of the skins permits effective introduction of foam to form the core therebetween following assembly of the skins.

Abstract: A decorative garland is manufactured by feeding one or more strips of material to an elongated, rotatable mandrel having a longitudinal axis so that each strip of material makes a plurality of passes in the direction of the longitudinal axis as the mandrel is rotated to form a wound bundle having a plurality of layers. A length of tape having adhesive on both sides is secured lengthwise of the mandrel to the material wound onto the mandrel after each pass. At least one more pass is made so that the material is fixed to both sides of the tape. The wound bundle is then cut from the mandrel along a line in the direction of the longitudinal axis opposite the tape connection so that the wound bundle can be removed from the mandrel with every piece of material being disposed in direct adhesive contact with one of the lengths of adhesive tape so that the assembly will be completely held together during handling prior to a twisting step.

Abstract: Perhalogenated compounds, such as perfluorinated surfactants, for inclusion in aqueous systems, are provided in a cosolvent system consisting essentially of one or more acidic phosphorous-containing compounds selected from phosphoric or phosphorous acids, water-soluble di- or polyphosphonic or phosphinic acids and water-soluble salts of any of the aforesaid, for example 1-hydroxyethylidene 1,1-diphosphonic acid, and sufficient water, if required, to form a solution. Such solutions may be included with strongly acidic and/or peroxygen compositions, for example sulphuric acid or Caro's acid and avoid the need for contamination with organic co-solvents.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is agricultural paper to be made into pots for raising seedlings. It is made up of a first layer made chiefly of natural pulp and a second layer made of synthetic fibers having a basis weight of 3-15 g/m.sup.2, said first layer and second layer being joined to each other by the wet papermaking process which intertwines the fibers of the two layers at their joining interface. The second layer is formed by fusion bonding composite synthetic fibers of polymers having different plasticizing temperatures.

Abstract: A system for the dispensing of literature to objects, such as containers carried by a conveyor, includes a tape for the application of adhesive to literature, and a device for the separation of the literature from the tape to permit the securing of the literature, adhesively, to the containers. A drive mechanism is provided for advancing the tape through successive increments of distance, each incremental distance being equal to the size of one piece of literature. A hopper dipsenses the literature to the tape, one piece at a time. Application of the pieces of literature to the objects is accomplished by a roller or brush. The literature separation device includes a bar having an edge about which the tape is bent to free the literature from the tape as the tape advances around the edge. The adhesive is retained by the literature during the separation from the tape so as to permit the adhesive attachment of the pieces of literature to the containers.