Abstract: A temperature-controlled component and a method for producing a temperature-controlled component, the temperature-controlled component includes a base body including at least one hollow space, through which a temperature control medium can flow. It is provided that in a first region, a first wall thickness is formed between an inner jacket surface of the hollow space and a jacket surface of the base body, and that in a second region, a second wall thickness is formed between an inner jacket surface of the hollow space and a jacket surface of the base body. The second region is a wear region of the component, and the second wall thickness is larger than the first wall thickness in this wear region.

Abstract: An electronic device can include a housing and a support component joined to the housing. The support component can include a thermal conduction layer defining a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The support component can also include a first support layer overlying the first surface and a second support layer overlying the second surface. A ratio of the thickness of the thermal conduction layer to the combined thickness of the first support layer and the second support layer can be at least 1.5.

Abstract: A method of controlling cooling water treatment at a cooling tower may involve measuring operating data of one or more downstream heat exchangers that receive cooling water from the cooling tower. For example, the inlet and outlet temperatures of both the hot and cold streams of a downstream heat exchanger may be measured, optionally along with a flow rate of the cooling water stream passing through the heat exchanger. Data from the streams passing through the heat exchanger may be used to determine a heat transfer efficiency for the heat exchanger. The heat transfer efficiency can be trended over a period of time and changes in the trend detected to identify cooling water fouling issues. A chemical additive selected to reduce, eliminate, or otherwise control the cooling water fouling can be controlled based on the changes in heat transfer efficiency detected at the downstream heat exchanger.

Abstract: A HVAC apparatus 10 for a vehicle 12 having a fan unit 14 with a plurality of axial impellers 16 driven by motors 18 mounted in their centers, wherein the axial impellers rotational axis is substantially perpendicular to the fan unit's suction direction, a heat exchanger unit 20 forming an air duct receiving air from the fan unit, and a plate-shaped housing accommodating the fan unit and the heat exchanger unit.

Abstract: An additively manufactured heat transfer device is disclosed, including an enclosure portion with outer walls. The outer walls contain an inner channel configured to direct a flow of coolant fluid. The heat transfer device further includes a fluid intake port and a fluid outtake port, each connected to the first inner channel. The fluid intake port is configured to direct a flow of coolant fluid through an outer wall of the enclosure portion into the inner channel, and the fluid outtake port is configured to direct a flow of coolant fluid through an outer wall of the enclosure portion out of the inner channel. The inner channel is defined by internal walls, and the enclosure portion and the internal walls form a single additively manufactured unit.

Abstract: A cooling device for an electrical installation, in particular, for a converter system of an electrical installation of a rail vehicle, includes a cooling path in which at least one power loss source is arranged and through which a coolant is able to flow. The cooling device includes a temperature sensor system configured to detect a failure of a mass flow of the coolant and includes at least two temperature sensors which are integrated in the cooling path in spaced-apart relationship in a transport direction of the coolant. The two temperature sensors are arranged in the transport direction of the coolant upstream of a passage of the mass flow of the coolant through a region of overlap of the cooling path with the power loss source.

Abstract: A heat exchanger has first and second heat exchange units disposed one above the other. In a case where the heat exchanger functions as a condenser, refrigerant flows through the second heat exchange unit after having flowed through the first heat exchange unit. An intermediate header unit through which the first heat exchange unit and the second heat exchange unit communicate with each other causes at least a portion of refrigerant having flowed through a first heat transfer pipe group on the windward side of the first heat exchange unit to flow to a fourth heat transfer pipe group. Further, the intermediate header unit causes at least a portion of refrigerant having flowed through a second heat transfer pipe group on the leeward side of the first heat exchange unit to flow into a third heat transfer pipe group or the fourth heat transfer pipe group.

Abstract: A vehicle-mounted cooling system includes an air-conditioning refrigerant circuit including a refrigerant passage, a compressor, a heat source-side heat exchanger and a use-side heat exchanger, a battery, and a battery cooling unit cooling the battery using the refrigerant. A control device controls a drive state of the compressor in response to an air-conditioning request and a battery cooling request.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus includes a load-side heat exchanger including a first heat exchanger disposed on a windward of a second heat exchanger in a direction of an air flow generated by an air-sending device. The air flow passing through the first heat exchanger passes through a second heat exchanger. During cooling operation, a bypass valve causes a part of refrigerant flowing through a first refrigerant pipe to flow through a coupling pipe through a bypass pipe. During heating operation, the bypass valve blocks a flow of the refrigerant flowing from the coupling pipe toward the first refrigerant pipe through the bypass pipe, and causes all of the refrigerant flowing through the coupling pipe to flow from the coupling pipe to the first heat exchanger.

Abstract: A pressure vessel includes a first container and a second container surrounding the first container and including a fluid port. The pressure vessel further includes a barrier space extending between the first container and the second container and a leak detection mechanism connected to the fluid port on the second container that is configured to detect a leak in the pressure vessel.

Abstract: A heat exchanger unit according to the present invention comprises: a sensible heat exchanger including a sensible heat exchange pipe disposed in a sensible heat exchange area for heating water used for heating by receiving sensible heat generated by a combustion reaction, wherein the sensible heat exchange pipe receives the water used for heating and flows same through the interior, and a sensible heat fin disposed in the sensible heat exchange area, wherein the sensible heat fin is formed in a plate shape across the sensible heat exchange pipe and penetrated by the sensible heat exchange pipe; and a latent heat exchanger positioned downstream from the sensible heat exchange area on the basis of a reference direction, which is a flow direction of combustion gas generated during the combustion reaction, the latent heat exchanger including a latent heat exchange pipe disposed in a latent heat exchange area.

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a refrigeration cycle circuit, a bypass flow path, a first valve provided in the refrigeration cycle circuit, a second valve provided at the bypass flow path, a first temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of an indoor space, a second temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of refrigerant on a liquid side of an indoor heat exchanger, and a notification part. The refrigeration cycle apparatus is able to operate in an operation state where the compressor operates, the indoor heat exchanger functions as an evaporator, and the first valve is open while the second valve is closed. In the operation state, the notification part issues notification of an abnormality of an electronic expansion valve or the first valve when a temperature detected by the second temperature sensor is higher than an evaporation temperature of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle circuit.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a thermal management device comprising an indirect air-conditioning circuit (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising: a first refrigerant loop (A) comprising, in the direction of flow of the refrigerant, a compressor (3), a two-fluid heat exchanger (5), a first expansion device (7), a first heat exchanger (9) arranged inside a first heating, ventilation and air-conditioning device (X), a second expansion device (11), a second heat exchanger (13), and a first bypass duct (30) comprising a first stop valve (33), a first inner heat exchanger (19), a second inner heat exchanger (19?), a second bypass duct (40) comprising a third expansion device (17) arranged upstream from a first cooler (15), a third bypass duct (80) comprising a first additional heat exchanger (9?) arranged in a second heating, ventilation and air-conditioning device (Y), a second heat transfer fluid loop (B).

Abstract: A radiative cooling film and a product thereof are provided. The radiative cooling film includes a carrier layer, a reflective layer and an emissive layer stacked together. A light shines on the radiative cooling film from the emissive layer. The emissive layer includes a polymer containing a C—F bond. The carrier layer includes a polymer containing at least one of a C—C bond and a C—O bond. After disposing at 120 degrees centigrade for 30 minutes, a transverse direction heat-shrinkage rate of the carrier layer is less than or equal to 2%, and a machine direction heat-shrinkage rate of the carrier layer is less than or equal to 3%. A thickness of the radiative cooling film is in a range of 50 m to 170 ?m, and a thickness of the emissive layer accounts for 20% to 90% of the thickness of the radiative cooling film.

Abstract: In one aspect, a cooling tower system is provided that includes an evaporative heat exchanger, a sensor configured to detect a parameter of evaporative liquid distributed onto the evaporative heat exchanger, and an evaporative liquid treatment system. The cooling tower system further includes a controller having a normal operating mode wherein the controller operates the evaporative liquid treatment system to treat the evaporative liquid upon a determination of inadequate evaporative liquid quality based at least in part on the parameter of the evaporative liquid. The controller has a failsafe operating mode wherein the controller changes operation of the cooling tower upon a determination that the operation of the evaporative liquid treatment system is unable to remedy the inadequate evaporative liquid quality.

Abstract: A thermal management system for a body to be exposed to solar radiation includes an infrared radiating element and a solar-scattering cover disposed on or integrated with the infrared radiating element. The thermal management system further includes a thermal storage sub-system in fluid connection with a solar panel via thermal interconnections.

Abstract: A thermal management device having an indirect air conditioning circuit for a motor vehicle is disclosed. The device has a first refrigerant fluid loop (A) with a compressor, a two-fluid heat exchanger, a first expansion device, an evaporator, a second expansion device, an evaporator/condenser, and a first by-pass line including a first stop valve, a first and a second internal heat exchanger. A second by-pass line includes a third expansion device arranged upstream from a cooler, a shunt branch comprising a first external radiator. The device also has a second heat transfer fluid loop (B) in which a heat transfer fluid is intended to flow. The two-fluid heat exchanger is arranged jointly on the one hand on the first refrigerant fluid loop downstream of the compressor, between said compressor and the first expansion device, and on the second heat transfer fluid loop (B).

Abstract: An air conditioner electric control assembly includes an electric control board including an alternating-current power supply input interface configured to receive an external alternating-current power supply, a first power supply interface connected to the alternating-current power supply input interface and configured to output a high-voltage alternating current, a second power supply interface configured to connect a low-voltage alternating-current power supply or a low-voltage direct-current power supply, a rectifier circuit mounting site connected to the second power supply interface, a filter circuit mounting site connected to the rectifier circuit mounting site, a drive circuit connected to the filter circuit mounting site, a switch device connected to the drive circuit, and a microcontroller unit (MCU) connected to the drive circuit and configured to control the drive circuit to drive the switch device to switch state to drive a load to operate.

Abstract: A thermal management system includes a cooling liquid circulation flow path, a refrigerant circulation flow path and a first heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange portion and a second heat exchange portion. The cooling liquid circulation flow path includes a first heat exchange assembly, a second heat exchange assembly and a first branch. The thermal management system has a heating mode. After passing through the first heat exchange assembly, one path of the cooling liquid flows to the first branch, and another path of the cooling liquid flows to the second heat exchange assembly. The cooling liquid after flowing through the first branch and after flowing through the second heat exchange assembly merge and then flow to the first heat exchange portion. As a result, the number of heat exchangers used by the thermal management system to recover waste heat is reduced.

Abstract: A heat exchanger unit according to the present invention comprises: a sensible heat exchanger including a sensible heat exchange pipe disposed in a sensible heat exchange area for heating water used for heating by receiving sensible heat generated by a combustion reaction, wherein the sensible heat exchange pipe receives the water used for heating and flows same through the interior, and a sensible heat fin disposed in the sensible heat exchange area, wherein the sensible heat fin is formed in a plate shape across the sensible heat exchange pipe and penetrated by the sensible heat exchange pipe; and a latent heat exchanger positioned downstream from the sensible heat exchange area on the basis of a reference direction, which is a flow direction of combustion gas generated during the combustion reaction, the latent heat exchanger including a latent heat exchange pipe disposed in a latent heat exchange area.