Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses are provided in which power control relay switches may be configured to switch at or near a predetermined time during an AC cycle and/or that are configured to control a velocity of an armature of the relay switch during switching. An input power source may provide alternating current (AC) power and a voltage or current level of the AC power may be sensed. A relay controller may switch the relay switch based on a time at which the voltage or current is at or near a zero-crossing. The relay controller may be configured to close the relay switch based on when a voltage of the power input is at a zero-crossing, and is configured to open the relay switch based on when a current of the power input is at a zero-crossing.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a device for forming air flow containing charged ions, comprising a fan member, a ring air blowing chamber defining a center opening, and an ionizing member, wherein, the ionizing member is arranged on an inner wall of the ring air blowing chamber facing the center opening for generating the charged ions, and the ring air blowing chamber comprises a ring passage and a nozzle part, the ring passage of the ring air blowing chamber is configured to receive air flow from the fan member, and the nozzle part is configured to face to the ionizing member.

Abstract: An electromagnetic direct current (DC) pulse power system includes a plurality of pulse forming networks (PFN) module, and an energy storage capacitor and circuit interruption apparatus. Each PFN module includes a PFN circuit configured to generate a pulsed DC output power. The PFN circuit includes an energy storage inductor with a primary winding having a primary inductance that controls a primary impedance of the PFN circuit. The electromagnetic direct current (DC) pulse power system further includes an auto-transformer having a multi-stage fault-limiting system configured to reduce fault current.

Abstract: A circuit breaking arrangement is adapted to be connected to a current path in at least one transmission line arranged to carry an electrical current for controllably effecting discontinuation of flow of electrical current in the at least one transmission line. The circuit breaking arrangement includes a plurality of series connections of a plurality of power semiconductor switching elements. The plurality of series connections of power semiconductor switching elements are connected in parallel relatively to each other.

Abstract: In one general aspect, an apparatus can include a load terminal, and a power source terminal. The apparatus can include a current limiter coupled to the load terminal and coupled to the power terminal. The current limiter can be configured to limit a current from the power source terminal to the load terminal using an electric field activated in response to a difference in voltage between the power source terminal and the load terminal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new PTC device having a configuration with which protrusion of solder paste and/or an excess portion of epoxy resin do not adversely affect a jig. Such PTC device 30 comprises a PTC member 32 and leads 34 and 36 electrically connected to both sides of the PTC member the PTC member comprises a PTC element 38 and metal electrodes 40 and 42 placed on both sides of the PTC element respectively, each lead is electrically connected to the metal electrode respectively via an electrically conductive connection portion 50, and at least one 36 of the leads has a concave portion which is defined with a bottom portion 44 located adjacently to the metal electrode of the PTC member and a wall portion 46 surrounding the electrically conductive connection portion which connects the leads to the metal electrode.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection control circuit for an output pad of an integrated circuit includes an output driver and a control switch. The output driver, coupled to the output pad, includes a first output transistor for outputting power or signals to the output pad. The control switch, for improving ESD protection on the output pad when closed, includes a first connection terminal, coupled to a gate terminal of the first output transistor; a second connection terminal, coupled to a ground terminal; and a control terminal, coupled to a first power supply terminal.

Abstract: The disclosure herein relates to devices for improving combustion engine performance. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to ionizing devices and their use in reducing emissions, improving fuel efficiency, improving power, reducing turbo lag, and reducing engine deposits in combustion engines that utilizes a computer to control the air/fuel mixture.

Abstract: A device for protecting an electrical installation including an insulating body electrically defining an internal housing, the protective device including, within the internal housing: an active component of a device for protecting an electrical installation; a disconnection system for disconnecting the active component moveable between a contact position corresponding to a connected state of the active component and an open position corresponding to a disconnected state of the active component; a disconnection indicator, where the disconnection indicator is secured in movement to the disconnection system and the disconnection indicator and the insulating body are arranged to have a first configuration, which corresponds to the contact position, and a second configuration, which corresponds to the open position, the relative positioning of the disconnection indicator with respect to the insulating body in the first configuration being visually distinct from the outside of the insulating body from the relative

Abstract: A control device suitable for use in a vehicle (such as, for example, for a glow plug of a vehicle) includes an electrically conductive element having a first end in electrical connection with a first solder joint and a second end in electrical connection with a second solder joint. A center region of the electrically conductive element is in electrical connection with a vehicle power source. When a temperature at the first solder joint exceeds a threshold temperature and a temperature at the second solder joint is below the threshold temperature, electrical connection at the first solder joint is broken and electrical connection at the second solder joint is not broken.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a system and method for protecting a power converter of a renewable energy power system and/or a stand-alone energy storage system connected to a power grid during an adverse voltage event, such as a high voltage ride through (HVRT) event. In one embodiment, the method includes monitoring, via a control system, a current-voltage parameter of the power converter, wherein the current-voltage parameter is indicative of an adverse voltage event occurring at the power grid. Another step includes transferring, via a switching power supply, energy from a DC link of the power converter to one or more energy storage devices of an energy storage system coupled to the power converter when the current-voltage parameter indicates that an adverse voltage event is occurring.

Abstract: A device and method for injecting ions into a stream of air. The device comprises a housing; an electric circuit inside the housing; an electrically conductive element coupled to the electric circuit for emitting ions, at least a portion of the conductive element being exposable to at least a portion, of the stream of air for injecting the ions into the stream of air; and a heater element disposed inside the housing for heating one or more circuit elements of the electric circuit.

Abstract: A circuit breaking system includes a first branch including at least one solid-state snubber; a second branch coupled in parallel to the first branch and including a superconductor and a cryogenic contactor coupled in series; and a controller operatively coupled to the at least one solid-state snubber and the cryogenic contactor and programmed to, when a fault occurs in the load circuit, activate the at least one solid-state snubber for migrating flow of the electrical current from the second branch to the first branch, and, when the fault is cleared in the load circuit, activate the cryogenic contactor for migrating the flow of the electrical current from the first branch to the second branch.

Abstract: A discharge circuit includes a discharge switch trigger unit, a discharge switch unit and a discharge resistor unit. The discharge switch unit is coupled connected to the discharge switch trigger unit. The discharge resistor unit is coupled connected to the discharge switch unit. The discharge switch trigger unit and the discharge resistor unit are coupled connected to a voltage output side. When the output voltage of a power supply reaches a predetermined rated limitation, an over voltage protection circuit is activated, and the discharge switch unit is turned on by the discharge switch trigger unit, then the output voltage starts to decrease through the discharge resistor unit.

Abstract: In one aspect there is an apparatus. The apparatus may include an electronic circuit that generates a first magnetic field from a current in the electronic circuit. The apparatus may further include a sensing circuit separated from the electronic circuit by a predetermined distance to sense the first magnetic field. A cage circuit may cancel a portion of the first magnetic field at the sensing circuit. The cage circuit may generate a cage current from the current in the electronic circuit and at least one of a phase shift or an amplitude shift applied to the current in the electronic circuit. The cage current may generate a second magnetic field causing cancellation of the portion of the magnetic field from the electronic circuit at the sensing circuit.

Abstract: An arc fault detection circuit for an arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI). The arc fault detection circuit includes an arc detecting circuit for detecting an arc fault in one or more power supply lines and outputting a detected signal, an arc filtering circuit electrically coupled to an output terminal of the arc detecting circuit for removing signal parts unrelated to the arc fault from the detected signal and outputting a filtered half-cycle signal, and an arc processing circuit electrically coupled to an output terminal of the arc filtering circuit for generating, based on the filtered half-cycle signal received, a processed half-cycle signal characterizing the arc fault. The arc fault detection circuit also includes simulated arc testing circuit that has a user-touchable test switch, and an arc oscillator to generate a simulated arc fault signal for testing the arc fault detection circuit or its respective components.

Abstract: A triggering circuit of an overvoltage protection device with an asymmetric element, specified for actuating a spark gap in symmetric or asymmetric arrangement of main electrode I, connected to input terminal I, of main electrode II, connected to input terminal II, and the auxiliary electrode, includes main electrode I of the spark gap, which is connected via a thermo-sensitive disconnector, and also via a parallel combination of varistor II and capacitor I to electrode I of the asymmetric three-pole lightning arrester, whose middle electrode is connected via the primary winding of the transformer to main electrode II of the spark gap, whose auxiliary electrode is connected via varistor I to electrode II of the asymmetric three-pole lightning arrester, which is connected via the secondary winding of the transformer to main electrode II of the spark gap, and at the same time, the thermo-sensitive disconnector is coupled via the thermal coupling with varistor II and, at the same time, the voltage at the asymmet

Abstract: A frequency-conversion differential protection method for an output transformer of a static frequency convertor system.

Abstract: An arc fault circuit interrupter includes: an insulating casing, electrical input terminals and electrical output terminals, first and second electrical path connected between the electrical input terminals and electrical output terminals, and a movement mechanism. The movement mechanism includes: first and second moving contact arms, electrically coupled to the first and second electrical paths, respectively; a control circuit board; an arc detection mechanism, electrically coupled to the control circuit board, for detecting an arc signal and causing the control circuit board to generate a trip signal; a tripping mechanism, electrically coupled to the control circuit board, for receiving the trip signal to disconnect the electrical coupling between the first moving contact arm and the first electrical path and/or the electrical coupling between the second moving contact arm and the second electrical path. The device can immediately cut off the power when detecting an arc signal to prevent fire hazard.

Abstract: A power generation system, apparatus and method to buffer power fluctuations are provided. At least one inverter (14) may be coupled to a photovoltaic power generator (10). The inverter may be subject to at least one operational constraint. A power-buffering circuitry (16) may be connected between the photovoltaic power generator and the inverter to buffer power generation fluctuations which can occur in power generated by the photovoltaic power generator, and satisfy the operational constraint of the inverter notwithstanding an occurrence of the power generation fluctuations. A controller (14) may be coupled to the power-buffering circuitry and may be responsive to the parameter of the photovoltaic power generator to perform at least one control action regarding the power fluctuations. Control actions may be performed by the controller independently of a control strategy of the inverter.