Abstract: A temperature sensor element in a temperature-measuring device using a thermocouple having excellent insulation property and having a simple assembly procedure is provided. The temperature sensor element comprises a temperature-measuring means consisting of a heat-resistant protective tube having a thermocouple inserted therethrough, compensating conduction means having connecting sections which connect a pair of extension sections of a thermocouple element extending from the protective tube respectively, and support means to join and hold mutually the temperature-measuring means and the compensating conduction means. The end of the protective tube and the compensating conduction means are held under the condition that they face the support means and that the extension sections of the thermocouple element and the connecting sections of the compensating conduction means are inserted into holding chamber means provided in the support means.

Abstract: A radiator cap for closing the filler neck of a vehicle cooling system includes a numerical display assembly embedded in the top surface of the cap. A temperature probe extends from the bottom surface of the cap and is connected to the display assembly, the assembly being powered by a solar cell battery in the cap. Upon securing the cap to the filler neck the temperature probe senses the temperature of the associated cooling system, this information being delivered to the display assembly for conversion into numerical form. The cap enables a user to ascertain the cooling system temperature at the filler neck site.

Abstract: A sensor (100) for measuring semiconductor wafer (10) temperature in semiconductor processing equipment (30), comprising a first laser (104) to provide a first laser beam at a first wavelength and a second laser (106) to provide a second laser beam at a second wavelength. The sensor also includes a laser driver (108) and an oscillator (110) to modulate the wavelength of the first and second laser beams as the laser beams are directed to and reflected from the wafer (10), and a detector module (130) to measure the change in specular reflectance of the wafer (10) resulting from the modulation of the wavelength of the first and second laser beams.

Abstract: A system and method of measurement of emissivity and radiance of a wafer in a rapid thermal processing chamber enables determination of wafer temperature and control of temperature of the wafer. Mirrors enclose the chamber and reflect radiation from lamps within the chamber to heat the workpiece of interest. One or more viewing ports are provided in one of the mirrors to allow for the egress of radiant energy emitted by the wafer. The wavelength of the exiting radiation is selected by an optical filter having a passband which passes radiation at wavelengths emitted by the wafer while excluding radiation emitted by heating lamps. A chopper having surface regions differing in their reflectivity and transmissivity is positioned along an optical path of radiation propagating through the one or more ports, this resulting in a pulsation of detected radiation.

Abstract: A wine thermometer for adhesive application to a wine bottle to determine wine temperature therein comprising an adhesive backed flexible plastic substrate having a liquid crystal temperature panel on the substrate, a temperature scale adjacent the panel and quick reference category ranges adjacent the panel whereby the color of a small band of the panel indicates the temperature of the panel substrate, bottle and wine therein. Contrasting colors of bands above and below the small band indicate a 1.degree. or 2.degree. difference in temperature and at the ends of the panel indicate a temperature 1.degree. to 2.degree. beyond the printed temperature at the panel end. In the preferred embodiment a small band indicates the panel temperature by turning a green color. The band thereabove exhibits a tan color and the band therebelow becomes a blue color. Bands further away remain black.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed which adapts the output signal of a thermocouple temperature sensor to be electrically the same as the output signal of a thermistor temperature sensor. The disclosed apparatus, which consists of a conversion circuit, a translation circuit, and an output control circuit, makes the thermocouple temperature sensor compatible with a temperature measuring instrument which is designed for use with a thermistor temperature sensor. The conversion circuit converts the small electrical voltage produced by a thermocouple temperature sensor into a substantial electrical voltage representing the temperature at the location of the thermocouple temperature sensor. The translation circuit translates the electrical voltage at the output of the conversion circuit into an analog electrical signal which is proportional to an electrical voltage that would exist across the terminals of a thermistor temperature sensor exposed to the same temperature as the thermocouple temperature sensor.

Abstract: A platinum temperature sensor showing excellent sensitivity to heat. The sensor comprises an insulating substrate having a support portion at one end of the substrate. A heat-generating portion is formed by a platinum film circuit at the other end of the substrate. A coating made from a material having a low thermal conductivity is formed on the support portion of the insulating substrate to suppress dissipation of heat from the support portion. A first heat-insulating gap is created between an end portion of the platinum film circuit and the heat-generating portion. A second heat-insulating gap is created between the platinum film circuit and the coating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sensor unit and a temperature measuring system that includes the sensor unit for the contactless determination of the object temperature (T.sub.v) of at least a part of an object. The sensor unit is placed near the object and includes a first and second plate. A temperature-sensitive sensor is disposed on each plate to produce first and second sensor signals which represent the temperature of the first and second plates, respectively. The system also includes a control unit which processes the first and second sensor signals in combination for determining the object temperature (T.sub.v). Preferably, the control unit employs a Kalman filter. Also, the temperature measuring system is applied to an image reproduction machine to determine the temperature of a roller or belt.

Abstract: Device and method for testing an optical element (E) to determine ability to withstand heating by a high-energy luminous beam. The contact of a point (11) is applied to the optical element and is heated to a specific temperature to simulate radiation. The contact point includes a dog point having a sectional configuration similar to a track of a simulated radiation beam. The heat can be adjusted and the temperature sensed.

Abstract: A temperature measuring device includes an optical fiber; a metallic protective tube for covering the optical fiber to form a metal-covered optical fiber; and a radiation thermometer connected to the metal-covered optical fiber. A heat insulation coating may be added to cover the metallic protective tube.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring a true temperature using a consumable optical fiber, wherein received light emitted from a high temperature liquid is divided into two light beams through a branching filter. A light of a first wave band from a first light beam of the two light beams is detected by a first radiation thermometer, and the light of the first wave band is converted into temperature to output a first temperature. A light of a second wave band from a second light beam of the two light beams is detected by a second radiation thermometer, and the light of the second wave band is converted into temperature to output a second temperature.

Abstract: A high temperature phosphor consists essentially of a material having the general formula LuPO.sub.4 :Dy.sub.(x),Eu.sub.(y), wherein: 0.1 wt %.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.20 wt % and 0.1 wt %.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.20 wt %. The high temperature phosphor is in contact with an article whose temperature is to be determined. The article having the phosphor in contact with it is placed in the environment for which the temperature of the article is to be determined. The phosphor is excited by a laser causing the phosphor to fluoresce. The emission from the phosphor is optically focused into a beam-splitting mirror which separates the emission into two separate emissions, the emission caused by the dysprosium dopant and the emission caused by the europium dopent. The separated emissions are optically filtered and the intensities of the emission are detected and measured.

Abstract: Method and apparatus provided for visibly outlining the energy zone to be measured by a radiometer. The method comprises the steps of providing a laser sighting device on the radiometer adapted to emit at least one laser beam against a surface whose temperature is to be measured and positioning said laser beam about the energy zone to visibly outline said energy zone. The apparatus comprises a laser sighting device adapted to emit at least one laser beam against the surface and means to position said laser beam about the energy zone to visibly outline said energy zone. The laser beam may be rotated about the periphery of the energy zone. In another embodiment, a pair of laser beams are projected on opposite sides of the energy zone. The laser beam may be further pulsed on and off in a synchronized manner so as to cause a series of intermittent lines to outline the energy zone. Such an embodiment improves the efficiency of the laser and results in a brighter laser beam being projected.

Abstract: A wire temperature measuring method for a wire electric discharge machine, by which temperature and temperature distribution of a wire can be accurately measured during electric discharge machining. After a machining voltage is cut off, a loop current flows. Based on the loop current and a voltage between electrodes measured by a differential amplifier, a resistance between the electrodes is obtained, and the temperature of a wire is obtained based on the resistance. Accordingly, the wire temperature during actual machining operation can be measured with accuracy.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for calibrating the temperature/color correspondence of thermal paint. A strip of metal is heated at both ends independently to achieve a predetermined temperature differential measured by thermocouples. Heat flow from the hot end to the cooler end is constrained to the test piece by enclosing it in insulation material. A linear temperature gradient is thus achieved so providing a more accurate and flexible calibrating arrangement.

Abstract: A temperature indicating container apparatus includes an inner container portion made from substantially heat insulative material. A thermochromic-substance-containing portion is juxtaposed against an outside surface of the inner container portion, such that color changes of the thermochromic-substance-containing portion can be seen from outside the inner container portion. The thermochromic-substance-containing portion may be in a form of a jacket around the outside surface of the inner container portion. The jacket may include a plurality of windows. An outermost container portion may be located outside both the thermochromic-substance-containing jacket and the inner container portion. The outermost container portion is light transmissive such that color changes of the thermochromic-substance-containing jacket can be seen from outside the outermost container portion. A bridge element bridges top portions of the inner container portion and the outermost container portion.

Abstract: In a high-temperature probe (1) which is used in particular in a hot-gas flow (24) up to about 1550.degree. C., a sensor tube (19) and a support tube (6) are in each case arranged in an inner bore (2a, 2b) of a probe tube (2). The bore (2a) for the sensor tube (19), in which a temperature sensor (34) is arranged, ends in a throughflow passage (3b) for the hot-gas flow (24). The bore (2b) for the support tube (6) ends in an enlarged bore (4) of the probe tube (2), in which enlarged bore (4) a ring (8) of the support tube (6) is arranged. The support tube (6) and the sensor tube (19) project through bores (12a, 31a) of a flange (13) into a region called the plenum (27), a screw (18) being screwed in place in an internal thread (11) at the tip (28) of the support tube (6). A preloaded spring (17) which holds the high-temperature probe (1) together in a flexible manner sits between this screw (18) and a flange (14) which is connected to the flange (13) via a tubular socket (12).

Abstract: A temperature-indicating device for use with a barrier having a first side and an opposite second side, the device including a temperature sensitive means located at the first side of the barrier, a thermal conductor for transferring heat from the second side of the barrier to the temperature sensitive means, and a temperature indicator disposed on the first side of the barrier, the temperature indicator for indicating on the first side of the barrier a change in temperature occurring on the second side of the barrier.

Abstract: A minimum leakage packing system is provided for sealing pump shafts and the like. The packing is manufactured from twisted, exfoliated extruded, pultruded or slit graphite material that is braided, twisted, laid up or otherwise combined to form mechanical packing. A lubricant and/or sealant may be applied to the finished packing. Graphite foil may be applied to the packing for enhanced properties. The packing system preferably consists of a precision wedge set and at least three rings including compressible graphite material, the rings compressed to different percentages of their original heights. The outside rings will have the most compression and the inner ring or rings of the multi-ring assembly the least. All should be compressed less than the maximum amount to permit high conformance to the surface being sealed. The system may have an optional gasket washer following the last ring of compressed graphite material.

Abstract: The invention provides an arrangement for detecting the temperature of an automatic gearbox which has a temperature sensor and a starter-interlock contact switch in the gearbox component and, externally with respect thereto, a gearbox control device to which signal information from the temperature sensor and from the starter-interlock contact switch can be fed via separate signal lines. The temperature sensor and the starter-interlock contact switch are connected to a common signal line which leads to the gearbox control device, specifically in a series or parallel circuit arrangement.