Abstract: A fluorescent lamp that has a T10 outer diameter which is capable of operating on ballasts of both the T8 and T12 types. In addition to the T10 diameter, the lamp has at least one groove in its wall to reduce the envelope cross-section, a fill gas of neon and argon, preferably 25% neon and 75% argon and a controlled amount of mercury.

Abstract: An unloosable and unturnable lamp base system includes a lamp base with a central hole defined by a cylindrical wall provided with vertical slots, a cylindrical socket with a central upper hole for the lamp base to fit therein and with vertical ribs on inner surface to press on the outer surface of the lamp base. The slots of the lamp base provide elasticity to clamp a lamp with proper tightness when the lamp is fitted in the central hole of the base. The slots also function an escape passage for heat produced by the lamp to escape preventing the lamp from breaking caused by inflation by heat, and from loosing or rotating.

Abstract: A picture apparatus includes a vacuum envelope which has a phosphor screen and a plurality of electron gun assemblies for emitting electron beams to the phosphor screen, and a deflection device for deflecting the electron beams emitted from the electron gun assemblies. The deflection device has a plate-like coupling member arranged to face the vacuum envelope, and a plurality of elemental deflection units for deflecting the electron beams to scan the phosphor screen dividedly. The deflection units are fixed to the coupling member and located at predetermined positions, respectively.

Abstract: A paging receiver with a display function allows a conventional message to be displayed and a receiver control signal to be sent together in a single message format. A first and a second predetermined character are detected in a received message. A message occurring between the first and second characters is extracted as a receiver control signal and is not displayed on a display.

Abstract: Multiple concentric, triangular cross-sectioned fluorescent lamp tubes, located substantially in the same plane with respect to each other, are utilized in appropriate assemblies for: 1) a direct screw-in replacement for reflective incandescent lamps and; 2) recessed ceiling fixtures that are typically hardwired. The inherent triangular geometries of the concentric, substantially same plane lamps create mutually benefiting reflecting surfaces to maximize the net light output. The triangular geometry enables light from two sides of the fluorescent tubing to be efficiently cast if desired (or muted by absorbent housing wall if desired). The remaining side, or base, of each triangular tube produces light that is redirected by opposing, intersecting, coaxial, conical reflectors arranged to direct the light through the unobstructed center of the concentric tubing arrangement. A transparent collimating structure adjacent to the triangular tub bases is used to enhance control of the light emanating from the base.

Abstract: A matrix wiring substrate is provided which can perform an electrostatic countermeasure until drive circuits are connected to a matrix wiring substrate, whereby the circuit wiring can be inspected at an earlier stage. The matrix wiring substrate, where circuit wiring is formed over a substrate, includes a guard ring formed around the circuit wiring and connected to the circuit wiring, and separable portions arranged between the circuit wiring and the guard ring for controlling the conduction between the circuit wiring and the guard ring. Since the circuit wiring is conducted with the guard ring by effecting externally the separable portion, lines of the circuit wiring are short-circuited electrically. No potential difference between the wires causes any electric discharge, thus resulting in increased manufacturing yield.

Abstract: A method for battery saving in a selective call receiver (20) that comprises a baud rate detector (210) and a receiver circuit (202) for receiving and demodulating a selective call signal. The selective call signal comprises a preamble (102) and a plurality of data batches. Each of the plurality of data batches further comprises a synchronization codeword (104) and a plurality of assigned data frames (106). The method (30) begins when a predetermined baud rate is detected in each of the plurality of assigned data frames (106) in one of the plurality of data batches. Upon detecting the predetermined baud rate, the selective call receiver (20) inactivates the receiver circuit (202) for the duration of the synchronization codeword (104) in a subsequent one of the plurality of data batches. Otherwise, the receiver circuit (202) remains activated during the synchronization codeword (104) of the subsequent one of the plurality of data batches.

Abstract: To provide a strain relief in a base for an electric lamp, adapted for coction to an external electrical energy source by at least one connection cable (6a, 6b) extending through and into the base, the base (2) is formed with a strain relief arrangement which includes a resilient sleeve (11) having an inner wall surrounding the at least one connection cable and, within the base bottom portion (9, 9'), a sleeve reception structure (9a) positioned inwardly of the bottom of the base, which includes a sleeve reception bore (10a, 10b) receiving and surrounding the resilient sleeve (11a, 11b) and exerting circumferentially uniformly, radially inwardly directed forces on the resilient sleeve. This decreases the diameter of the sleeve so that the inner wall thereof engages, clamps and squeezes the deformable insulation of the at least one connection cable and, also, can interengage or interlock therewith. The bottom portion (9) and the top portion (7) of the base are snapped together.

Abstract: In a radio paging receiver for receiving a pager signal comprising a succession of frames each of which consists of a first through n-th group of signals, a first clock generating unit generates a first clock signal having a first clock rate. A synchronization clock generating unit generates a synchronization clock signal which is synchronized with digital word data derived from a receiving section and which has a synchronization clock rate equal to the first clock rate. A selecting circuit selects one of the first clock signals and the synchronization clock signal as a selected clock signal. A counter carries out a counting operation by the use of the selected clock signal and produces a counted signal. Responsive to the counted signal, a control circuit produces a control signal to make a battery saving switch have an "on" state and to make the synchronization clock generating unit have an active state.

Abstract: A gas discharge device includes an envelope containing a low pressure gas and a field emitter array having microscopic emitter elements which emit electrons into the gas. The device can be employed, for example, in a gas discharge lamp.

Abstract: A method in a communications receiver (20) for handling a selective call message comprises the steps of measuring a parameter of the selective call message (104, 116) and selecting whether to provide the selective call message to a display (118) or a communications port (106) in response to measuring the parameter of the selective call message (104, 116). The communications receiver (20) can function as either a pager or a radio frequency (RF) modem. A controller (66) determines the parameters of the message and operates the communications receiver (20) as a pager or as an RF modem in response to the parameters measured.

Abstract: In a flat cathode ray tube, a flat glass tube is of three-element structure includes a screen panel integrally provided with skirt portions which are erected from the screen panel along the front end and the opposite side portions thereof continuously, a front panel or a back panel of a sheet-like configuration, and a funnel portion having a neck portion. The screen panel, front panel and funnel portion are combined through frit glasses, and a phosphor screen is formed on the inner surface of the screen panel. An electron gun is disposed within the neck portion, so that an electron beam generated from the electron gun collides with molecules within the flat glass tube to generate negative ions. The negative ions are accelerated and irradiated at the center portion on the skirt portion provided at the front end of the screen panel, whereby the phosphor screen is prevented from being burned by the ions and degradation of the frit glass due to impact of the negative ions is prevented.

Abstract: A spark plug for use in an internal combustion engine comprises an electrically nonconductive body member and a pair of electrodes formed of a material each having titanium diboride as its major component. Tests indicate that titanium diboride electrodes are extremely resistant to electrical erosion. The spark plugs embodying the present invention are particularly useful in continuous cycle or heavy duty cycle engines that have heretofore been the subject of severe electrode erosion.

Abstract: To prevent corrosion of molybdenum connecting pins or wires extending from elt-sealed ends of high-power lamps, the region immediately adjacent the exit points from the melt-sealed end are cooled by a cooling gas, for example air or an inert gas such as nitrogen. The cooling gas is applied by cooling ducts which are made of metal and, simultaneously, provide for electrical connection of electrical energy to the connecting leads. Cooling gas can be introduced either through terminal pins or rods into the tubular elements, or the tubular elements can be connected, as usual, to the part-solid terminal pins or rods and additional gas connections are passed through the base through the tubular elements to supply cooling gas.

Abstract: A radio paging receiver enables an user of the receiver later to see a received message even when an alert stopping operation or message confirmation operation is first executed in an environment too dark to see the received message. The receiver has a photosensor for detecting whether a display environment is light or dark. If the alert stopping operation is executed in the dark condition, the received message is stored in a memory as an unconfirmed message, so that the user later can see and read the received message in a light condition after a change of the environment. In addition, when the environment is changed from a dark condition to a light condition, if an unconfirmed message exists in the memory, the receiver alerts the user.

Abstract: A photomultiplier uses an avalanche photodiode as a position-sensitive anode. The envelope of the photomultiplier has a flat input end. Electrically conductive regions mounted to the input end are configured to produce at the input end a potential distribution characteristic of a photomultiplier with a spherical-type input end as measured in a transverse plane immediately adjacent the spherical-type input end. A photocathode is located inside the photomultiplier and is electrically connected to the electrically conductivew regions. Advantageously, the envelope has flat sides and a square cross-section; in this instance, conductors are run along the sides to produce within the envelope a potential distribution characteristic of a photomultiplier which is cylindrical in cross-section, as measured at flat surfaces having the same shape as the envelope.

Abstract: A paging receiver of the present invention includes a decoder for processing a paging number and a message signal of a transmitted radio signal and receives the radio signal selectively by comparing the paging number with a predetermined paging number of the receiver. A timer stamps the message signal with current time when the paging number coincides with the predetermined paging number of the receiver. A memory stores message signals already received and stamped with time information. The message signal stamped with current time is compared with the message signals stamped with received time stored in the memory and, when contents of these message signals are coincident and a difference in time between these message signals is within a predetermined time, the message signal is deemed as an urgent message and an urgent report is performed.

Abstract: A communication receiver (106) receives an address code word (1800) of a transmitted message, the message comprising the address code word (1800) and an associated data portion (1610), the address code word comprising an address portion (1802,1804). The communication receiver (106) corrects (2104) up to a predetermined number of bit errors in the received address code word (1800). The communication receiver (106) can conserve power following a failed correction of the address code word (1800). Alternatively, the communication receiver (106) compares (2108,2111) the address portion (1802,1804) of the corrected address code word (1800) to at least one predetermined subscription address (1704,1706). The communication receiver (106) can conserve power following a determination of no match (2110,2114,2308) between the address portion (1802,1804) of the corrected address code word (1800) and the at least one predetermined subscription address (1704,1706).

Abstract: Disclosed is a plasma display panel including a porous metal plate in which a plurality of holes for display cells are formed at positions corresponding to intersections at which a first linear electrode group and a second linear electrode group cross each other with a predetermined interval therebetween, and a front glass plate, wherein openings of the holes of the porous metal plate on the front surface side are larger than openings on the rear surface side, the openings on the rear surface are covered with a molten material of an inorganic dielectric containing glass and are thereby air-tightly sealed. This plasma display panel is light in weight and thin and can be easily assembled.

Abstract: An imaging tube having a fiber optic plate (FOP) as an output faceplate. On one surface of the FOP within an evacuated envelope is deposited a first transparent conductive layer. On the first transparent conductive layer is deposited a fluorescent layer. On the fluorescent layer is deposited a metal-back electrode. On the other surface of the FOP outside the evacuated envelope is deposited a second transparent conductive layer. The first transparent conductive layer and the metal-back electrode are electrically connected so that an electrical field is not developed across the fluorescent layer when the metal-back electrode is applied with a high positive voltage and the second transparent conductive layer is grounded. Therefore, even if leakage currents flow through the FOP, electric charges impinging upon the first transparent conductive layer will not cause the fluorescent layer to generate noise spots.