Abstract: The present invention involves tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum) that are resistant to the tomato strain of P. infestans races 0 and 1. Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium plants which are resistant to the tomato strain of P. infestans races 0 and 1 are used to construct the tomato plants of the present invention. The preferred Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium used in the present invention is designated as LA 2533.

Abstract: The present invention relates to transformed plants and plant cells comprising DNA molecules encoding Bacillus thuringiensis proteins with insecticidal activity. The invention relates more particularly to transformed plants and plant cells comprising DNA molecules encoding the protease resistant toxins BTS02618Aa or BTS02618Ab, as well as to methods of rendering plants or plant cells resistant to insects using these DNA molecules.

Abstract: An efficient, regiocontrolled approach to the synthesis of 8-fluoropurines by direct fluorination of purines with dilute elemental fluorine, or acetyl hypofluorite, is provided. In a preferred embodiment, a purine compound is dissolved in a polar solvent and reacted with a dilute mixture of F.sub.2 in He or other inert gas.

Abstract: A soft-milling wheat which produces dough having exceptionally low visco-elasticity is provided by breeding from a variety having Glu-D1 double null trait, such as the landrace "Nap Hal". The wheat can be used in the manufacture of biscuits and wafers without the need to treat the flour with agents such as sodium metabisulphite.

Abstract: The present invention provide nucleic acids encoding polypeptides which confer resistance to Xanthomonas spp. The nucleic acids can be used to produce transgenic plants resistant to the pathogen.

Abstract: The Prf gene of tomato has been cloned and analyzed. Prf encodes a protein with leucine-rich repeat, nucleotide binding, and leucine zipper motifs, identifying it as a member of the resistance gene class that includes RPS2, RPM1, N and L6. When expressed in transgenic plants, Prf confers Fenthion sensitivity and resistance to a wide variety of phytopathogens, including not only Pseudomonas syringae but also unrelated pathogens such as Xanthomonas campestris.

Abstract: Sugar beet plants which are resistant to both imidazolinone and sulfonylurea herbicides are described. The sugar beet plants are derived from susceptible cells by sequential selection of SU-R cells, plant regeneration, and re-selection for IM-R. The resistant sugar beet plants derived from the cells can be grown in fields where imidazolinones and sulfonylureas have been used for weed control.

Abstract: Isolated DNA elements that direct either pistil-specific or anther-specific expression of a polypeptide-encoding gene are disclosed. Plants comprising the DNA fragment operably linked to a gene are also disclosed. A further embodiment comprises a method of producing a female sterile plant, the method comprising growing a plant having integrated into its genome an isolated DNA element that directs pistil-specific expression of a nucleotide sequence that encodes or is transcribed into a moiety that causes female sterility in plants.

Abstract: A method for producing a genetically modified plant by introducing a polynucleotide to an intact plant or plant cell(s) via electroporation, in the absence of cell wall-degrading enzymes. Genetically engineered plants produced by the method of the invention are also provided. The invention also provides a method for producing a polypeptide in an intact plant cell, including plant tissue or a whole plant by introducing a biologically active polypeptide directly into the plant.

Abstract: The invention provides DNA homologous to a disclosed sequence which encodes a galactosidase/galactanase enzyme. Such DNA is incorporated into DNA constructs which are transformed into plants to increase or decrease expression of the related gene. This provides a method for modifying cell wall metabolism and fruit-ripening characteristics.

Abstract: "A process for the preparation of palatinitol, wherein in a first stage, the epimerization of isomaltose is carried out under conditions which allow a mixture of .alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl-(1.fwdarw.6)-D-mannose and isomaltose to be obtained, in a second stage, the epimerized mixture is depleted of isomaltose so as to obtain a new mixture containing a roughly equimolecular proportion of .alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl-(1.fwdarw.6)-D-mannose and isomaltose, and in a third stage, catalytic hydrogenation is carried out on this roughly eqimolar mixture".

Abstract: A method for inhibiting the growth and/or germination of a fungus that is susceptible to an osmotin protein by contacting the fungus, or causing the fungus to be contacted with, an effective amount of an osmotin protein. The fungus can be, for example, a plant pathogenic fungus, such as an Oomycete. In one embodiment of the invention, the effective amount of the osmotin protein is produced by a plant having incorporated into its genome a chimeric gene having a) an open reading frame encoding the osmotin protein, or a precursor of the osmotin protein, and having operably linked thereto b) a regulatory region which causes the chimeric gene to be expressed in the plant.

Abstract: A unique and novel angiotensin AT4 receptor and AIV ligand system for binding a small N-terminal hexapeptide fragment of Angiotensin II (referred to as AIV, with amino acid sequence Val.sub.1 -Tyr.sub.2 -Ile.sub.3 -His.sub.4 -Pro.sub.5 -Phe.sub.6 ; SEQ. ID. NO. 1) is disclosed. AIV ligand binds saturably, reversibly, specifically, and with high affinity to membrane AT4 receptors in a variety of tissues, including heart, lung, kidney, aorta, brain, liver, and uterus, from many animal species. The AT4 receptor is pharmacologically distinct from classic angiotensin receptors (AT1 or AT2). The system employs AIV or C-terminally truncated or extended AIV-like peptides (e.g., VYIHPFX; SEQ. ID. NO. 8) as the signaling agent, and the AT4 plasma membrane receptor as the detection mechanism. The angiotensin AT4 receptor and receptor fragments (including the receptor binding site domain) are capable of binding a VYIHPF (SEQ. ID. NO.

Abstract: Use of at least one polymer or one biopolymer, called HBGFPP, specifically protecting the growth factors of the FGF and beta TGF families from tryptic degradation in the manufacture of a drug for the treatment of muscular tissues.

Abstract: The isolation, modification and use of wild-type and modified viral FLt promoters of peanut chlorotic streak caulimovirus (PClSV) in the expression of chimeric genes in plant cells. The FLt promoter from PClSV has been modified to have duplicated enhancer domains.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of inhibiting a virus with which a vertebrate is infected and which replicates via an RNA template comprising the administration of an antisense or triplex-forming oligonucleotide or a derivative thereof capable of binding to a polypurine-rich tract in a region of single-stranded RNA or RNA-DNA hybrid, respectively. Chimeric oligonucleotides capable of forming triplex structures with single-stranded nucleic acids are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing a nucleic acid molecule comprising at least one non-canonical nucleoside triphosphate using a mutant polymerase having a reduced discrimination between canonical and non-canonical substrates is disclosed. The method comprises incubating a template nucleic acid in a reaction mixture comprising the mutant nucleic acid polymerase and the appropriate canonical and non-canonical nucleoside triphosphates which are desired substrates for the mutant nucleic acid polymerase. The present invention is also a method of determining the sequence of a nucleic acid molecule using the mutant polymerase to create a nucleic acid molecule comprising at least one non-canonical nucleoside triphosphate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an isolated protein or polypeptide corresponding to a protein or polypeptide in Erwinia chrysanthemi which elicits a hypersensitive response in plants. The encoding DNA molecule alone in isolated form or either in an expression system, a host cell, or a transgenic plant are also disclosed. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of imparting pathogen resistance to plants by transforming a plant with the DNA molecule of the present invention.

Abstract: Novel isolated DNA sequences associated with the lignin biosynthetic pathway are provided, together with DNA constructs including such sequences. Methods for the modulation of lignin content in plants are also disclosed, the methods comprising incorporating one or more of the inventive DNA sequences or a sequence complementary to an inventive DNA sequence into the genome of a plant.

Abstract: A process for the isolation and characterization of a gene enzyme system for the inactivation of the herbicide phenmedipham, wherein the enzyme is a carbamate hydrolase of Arthrobacter oxidans, which is responsible for the cleavage of the carbamate bond between the benzene rings of phenmedipham. This process includes the isolation of the carbamate hydrolase, the identification of the amino acid sequence of two BrCN cleavage peptides of the carbamate hydrolase, the synthesis of oligonucleotides for specific determination of the carbamate hydrolase sequence by hybridization and identification of the coding region, cloning and specifying the nucleotide sequence of the carbamate hydrolase gene from Arthrobacter oxidans.