Abstract: A method for the highly selective production of 2,6-dimethlynaphthalene by the transmethylation of naphthalene or 2-methylnaphthalene by the use of a specific acid catalyst and a highly regeospecific methylating agent.

Abstract: A hot water extraction process for extracting bitumen from tar sands is taught using a conditioning agent containing sodium and/or potassium bicarbonate or, alternatively, sodium bicarbonate and/or potassium bicarbonate and sources of calcium ions and/or magnesium ions. The conditioning agent replaces the caustic soda agent previously used in tar sand extraction. The use of the alkali metal bicarbonate solvent substantially eliminates the production of sludge in tar sand extraction and maintains or improves bitumen recovery. The process allows for hot conditioning agent solution to be recycled to the process by use of a recycle storage tank.

Abstract: An amorphous, micro/mesoporous silica-alumina gel with controlled pore size, having a surface area of at least 500 m.sup.2 /g and with a molar ratio of SiO.sub.2 :Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 of at least 30:1, is prepared by hydrolysing and causing a tetra-alkyl ammonium hydroxide, an aluminum trialkoxide, and a tetra-alkyl orthosilicate to gelate, by operating at a temperature equal to, or higher than, the boiling temperature, under atmospheric pressure, of any alcohols which are developed as a by-product from said hydrolysis reaction, without said alcohols being removed, or being substantially removed, from the reaction media; and the so produced gel being dried and fired. So obtained gel is an active catalyst in hydrocarbon conversion reactions, in particular in light olefin isomerization and oligomerization processes, e.g., in propylene oligomerization processes to yield useful liquid hydrocarbons for gasoline and jet fuel formulation.

Abstract: The invention concerns an isomerization catalyst comprising 4 to 15% of at least one halogen and at least one metal from group VIII deposited on a support composed of a mixture of specific proportions of eta alumina and gamma alumina. The invention also concerns a process for reducing the benzene content of gasoline fractions and isomerizing paraffins in the presence of this catalyst, in which isomerization is carried out on a mixture of a) a feed with the following composition by weight: 40% to 80% of paraffins, 0.5% to 7% of cyclic hydrocarbons and 6% to 45% of aromatics, and with a maximum distillation temperature of between 70.degree. C. and 90.degree. C., and b) a C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cut which is generally a straight run cut.

Abstract: There is provided a catalytic oligomerization process. The process involves the use of a catalyst comprising an acidic solid. The acidic solid may comprise a Group IVB metal oxide, such as zirconia, modified with an oxyanion of a Group VIB metal, such as tungsten. The oligomers produced by this process may be hydrogenated to produce thermally stable lubricants and lubricant additives, gasoline and diesel.

Abstract: Process for the skeleton isomerization of linear olefins, preferably n-butenes or n-pentenes, which consists in putting said olefins in contact with a catalyst comprising alumina on whose surface boron oxide is deposited in a quantity which is lower than 2.1.times.10.sup.-4 g/m.sup.2 of the surface of the alumina.

Abstract: The dehydrogenation of an alkane to an alkene, especially isobutane to isobutene, is carried out in admixture with oxygen and in the absence of added steam over a dehydrogenation and oxidation catalyst comprising a platinum group metal deposited upon a support. A catalyst comprising platinum deposited on a support which is a mixture of tin oxide and zirconium oxide possesses good activity for the dehydrogenation of an alkane, especially carried out in this way.

Abstract: Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymers having high cloud points, when compared to conventional rinse agent materials, have surprisingly been found to be useful in the manufacture of effective low foaming rinse aids. The rinse aids are prepared by combining the high cloud point copolymer with an effective defoamer and a water miscible diluent. The rinse aid composition can achieve adequate rinsing at common aqueous rinse temperatures at a concentration of the block copolymer in water less than 500 parts of the block copolymer per million parts of water. A liquid rinse agent concentrate can take the form of a low viscosity liquid, a thickened pourable or semi-pourable aqueous liquids. A solid rinse agent concentrate can be a cast solid material packaged within a soluble or disposable wrapper or capsule or other water soluble package. The rinse aids can be dispersed in a variety of ways by dilution with water to an aqueous final rinse composition.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for dimerization, co-dimerization and oligomerization of olefins, in particular .alpha.-olefins, with a catalytic composition resulting from a mixing at least one tungsten oxyhalide, at least one aryl isocyanate of diisocyanate, and at least one alkylaluminum halide.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprises palladium, at least one chemically bound alkali metal (preferably potassium), chemically bound fluorine and an inorganic support material (preferably alumina), wherein the atomic ratio of fluorine to alkali metals about 1.3:1 to about 4:1. Preferably, silver is also present in the catalyst composition. The above-described catalyst is employed as a catalyst in the selective hydrogenation of C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkynes (preferably acetylene) to the corresponding alkenes in the presence of sulfur impurities.

Abstract: A process for the production of olefins comprises dehydrogenating at least one hydrogen-donor hydrocarbon that is essentially free from olefinic unsaturation, e.g. a paraffin, in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst and in the presence of at least one hydrogen-acceptor hydrocarbon that is more highly unsaturated than a mono-olefin, e.g. a diene and/or acetylene, under conditions effective to cause at least part of said hydrogen-donor hydrocarbon to be dehydrogenated and at least part of the hydrogen-acceptor to be hydrogenated. The amount of hydrogen-acceptor is such that there are 0.5 to 20 moles of said hydrogen-donor for each mole of hydrogen-acceptor. Preferably the amount of said hydrogen-acceptor hydrocarbon hydrogenated is such that the heat of hydrogenation of said hydrogen-acceptor hydrocarbon provides at least 25% of the heat required for dehydrogenation of said hydrogen-donor hydrocarbon. In a preferred form of the invention, a hydrocarbon stream containing a hydrogen-acceptor is a C.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to spherical solid components of catalysts for the polymerization of olefins comprising, supported on a magnesium dihalide in active form, a titanium compound containing at least one Ti-halogen bond and one OR group, said OR group being bonded to Ti in an amount such that the OR/Ti molar ratio is greater than or equal to 0.5; optionally the component also comprises an electron donor compound. The spherical solid components of the invention are characterized by having a porosity comprised between 0.35 and 0.7 cm.sup.3 /g and by a pore size distribution such that at least 50% of the porosity is due to pores having an average radius greater than 800 .ANG..

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for impregnating alumina-containing catalyst support with platinum. In the method a platinum-containing solution is prepared by using a compound which contains bivalent platinum. The method comprises a stage during which the said platinum-containing solution is oxidized in order to form a solution which contains tetravalent platinum, from which solution platinum is adsorbed on the support.

Abstract: C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkynes (preferably acetylene) contained in feeds which also contain sulfur impurities are hydrogenated to the corresponding alkenes in the presence of a supported palladium catalyst which has been promoted with alkali metal fluoride (preferably potassium fluoride).

Abstract: The present invention relates to spherical solid components of catalysts for the polymerization of olefins comprising, supported on a magnesium dihalide in active form, a titanium compound containing at least one Ti-halogen bond, and optionally an electron donor compound. The spherical solid components of the invention are characterized by porosity values higher than 1 cm.sup.3 /g and a pore size distribution such that at least 30% of their pores have an average radius greater than 10000 .ANG..

Abstract: The method of making the stable non-pyrophoric solution containing a lithium diorganoamide of the formula, LiNR'R" wherein R' and R" each have from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, in an inert liquid hydrocarbon solvent includes mixing a secondary amine including the R' and R" groups and an alcohol having 3 to 6 carbon atoms with a lithium granulate or powder in the hydrocarbon solvent and reacting the secondary amine, the alcohol and the lithium with addition of an electron acceptor compound, advantageously styrene or isobutene, to form the stable non-pyrophoric solution containing the lithium diorganoamide and a lithium alkoxide having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to Pd/K/Au, Pd/K/Ba or Pd/K/Cd supported catalysts built up in the form of an outer layer, the production thereof and the use thereof for preparing vinylacetate from ethylene, acetic acid and oxygen in the gas phase. The specified catalysts are produced by impregnating the support particles with a solution of salts of the corresponding elements and then drying them, with the dynamic viscosity of the solution being at least 0.003 Pa.s and the solution volume in impregnation being more than 80% of the pore volume of the support particles and the duration of the impregnation and also the time until commencement of the drying being selected so as to be sufficiently short for, after completion of the drying, the specified metal salts to be present in an outer layer of from 5% to 80% of the pore volume of the support particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the conversion of polymers and particularly for the conversion of plastic containers or other plastic wastes. The process requires a minimum number of steps for treating typical industrial plastic wastes. The process comprises placing the mixed polymers in contact with a solvent that dissolves part of the polymers and separates the other fractions. The solvent fraction is subjected to treatment for the recovery of lower molecular weight stream that can be utilized in refining operations or other chemical operations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of an unsaturated compound, based on a noble metal and/or a noble-metal oxide on an aluminum oxide support, and to a process for the preparation of the catalyst. The present invention further relates to a process for the selective hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for using a single distillation column to recover the reactants and products from the reaction of a cyclic diolefin and an olefin to produce an alkenyl bridged ring compound.