Abstract: A supported Lewis acid catalyst system for catalyzing hydrocarbon conversion reactions including cationic polymerization, alkylation, isomerization and cracking reactions is disclosed, wherein the catalyst system comprises an inorganic oxide support having immobilized thereon at least one relatively strong Lewis acid and at least one relatively weak Lewis acid.

Abstract: This invention is for a catalyst system comprising a neutral metallocene compound, an aluminum alkyl and a Lewis acid. The Lewis acid must be of sufficient acidity to ionize a neutral metallocene compound to form a cationic metallocene catalyst. The ligands of the Lewis acid should not be reactive with the metallocene cation. Any metallocene catalyst compound having two cyclopentadienyl rings, substituted or unsubstituted, attached to a transition metal which can be ionized by a Lewis acid would be useful in this invention. The invention is also for the process of making the catalyst system and the process for using the catalyst system in polymerization of olefins. The metallocene is contacted with the Lewis acid. The aluminum alkyl is contacted with the olefin. The two mixtures are contacted with each other under polymerization conditions.

Abstract: A catalyst useful for the polymerization of olefins, comprising the following components (A) and (B):Component (A):A transition metallic compound having the following formula [I]: ##STR1## wherein M:a transition metal selected from Ti, Zr and Hf; R.sup.1 :a monovalent C.sub.1-6 hydrocarbyl group, or a monovalent C.sub.1-6 hydrocarbyl group containing Si;R.sup.2 :a divalent C.sub.4-20 hydrocarbyl group, or a divalent C.sub.4-20 hydrocarbyl group containing Si;R.sup.3 :a divalent C.sub.1-30 hydrocarbyl group, or a divalent C.sub.1-30 hydrocarbyl group containing Si or Ge; andX and Y:H, halogen, a monovalent C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group, or a monovalent C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group containing N, O or Si.Component (B):Alumoxane having the following formula [II] or [III]: ##STR2## wherein m:4 to 30; and R.sup.4 :a monovalent hydrocarbyl group. A highly stereoregular polyolefin having a high molecular weight can be obtained by the above catalyst.

Abstract: Surface impregnated catalyst, process for the production thereof, and use thereof for the preparation of vinyl acetate. The invention relates to Pd/K/Au, Pd/K/Ba or Pd/K/Cd supported catalysts built up in the form of an outer layer, the production thereof and also the use thereof for preparing vinyl acetate from ethylene, acetic acid and oxygen in the gas phase. The catalysts specified are produced by impregnating the support particles, while mixing intimately, with a solution of salts of the corresponding elements and then drying the support particles immediately, with the dynamic viscosity of the solution being at least 0.003 Pa.multidot.s and the solution volume in impregnation being from 5 to 80% of the pore volume of the support particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the oligomerization of lower alpha olefins, and particularly ethylene, to higher olefins in the presence of a catalyst precursor having either or both of a dithiophosphinate complex and a heterobifunctional ligand having a phosphine center and an imine or similar center, in the presence of an activator. The catalysts have a high reactivity and a good selectivity.

Abstract: A method for oligomerizing an .alpha.-olefin in the presence of a catalyst comprising a specific chromium compound including chromium atom and pyrrolyl group and an alkylaluminum compound, wherein the .alpha.-olefin is contacted to the chromium compound and the alkylaluminum compound without preliminarily contacting the chromium compound to either the .alpha.-olefin or the alkylaluminum compound.

Abstract: In a process for isomerizing saturated C.sub.4- C.sub.10 hydrocarbons (preferably n-pentane) in the presence of a platinum/zeolite catalyst, wherein sulfur compounds are present in the feed as impurities and cause catalyst deactivating, at least one volatile chlorine compound (preferably tetrachloroethylene or carbon tetrachloride) is added to the feed in an amount sufficient to counteract the catalyst deactivation. A correlation between effective amounts of chloride additive(s) required to counteract the catalyst deactivating effect caused by specific sulfur compound(s) and a specific parameter of various sulfur compounds has been established. The water content in the isomerization feed is not to exceed about 60 ppm H.sub.2 O (based on the weight of the at least one feed hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst suitable for oligomerization of olefins which is prepared by a process which comprises reacting a catalyst precursor ligand having a formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently is an alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, or aryloxy group having from about 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, with the proviso that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are not both aryl, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together form a divalent hydrocarbon moiety, and X is 1,2-arylene, O-CH.sub.2, S-CH.sub.2, or Se-CH.sub.2 with a deprotonation source, a transition metal compound and a catalyst activator. The invention further relates to an oligomerization process utilizing this catalyst.

Abstract: This invention is generally directed toward a supported catalyst system useful for polymerizing olefins. The method for preparing the catalyst system of the invention provides for an optionally supported, metallocene catalyst component which when utilized in a polymerization process exhibits improved reactor operability.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalytic composition and a process for the dimerisation, codimerisation or oligomerisation of olefins, said composition comprising a mixture of at least one bivalent nickel complex which contains two tertiary phosphine molecules, at least one nickel complex which contains neither water nor phosphine, and at least one alkylaluminium halide. The mixture is particularly for use in ionic type non aqueous liquid compositions, such as those formed by quaternary ammonium halides and/or quaternary phosphonium halides with aluminium halides and/or alkylaluminium halides.

Abstract: Improved double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts are disclosed. The catalysts comprise a DMC compound, an organic complexing agent, and from about 5 to about 80 wt. % of a polyether polyol that has tertiary hydroxyl groups. Compared with other DMC catalysts, those of the invention have excellent activity for epoxide polymerization, and they can be used to make polyols having very low unsaturation even at high epoxide polymerization temperatures.

Abstract: A catalyst for the conversion of lower aliphatic alcohols such as methanol to form petroleum type hydrocarbons comprises one or more metals and/or metal ions supported on a phosphate carrier. Preferred metals include transition metals such as Ti, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rh, Ag, Ir and alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Al and Sn. The phosphate carrier is preferably aluminium phosphate, zirconyl phosphate, magnesium phosphate, barium phosphate, zinc phosphate or a calcium phosphate compound. The metal should amount to 0.1 to 30% by weight with respect to the phosphate carrier. This catalyst is used to convert lower aliphatic alcohols to produce the gasoline type hydrocarbons at a reaction temperature of 200.degree. to 600.degree. C. and a supply rate of 0.75 to 3.0 weight units of alcohol per weight unit of catalyst per hour.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating a hydrocarbon feedstock, such as light cycle oil, using a catalyst composition containing a hydrogenation/dehydrogenation component and an acidic solid component including a Group IVB metal oxide modified with an oxyanion of a Group VIB metal. The hydrotreating process removes contaminants, such as sulfur and/or nitrogen, from the feedstock.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for reducing the benzene content of petrol fractions and isomerizing paraffins in the presence of an isomerization catalyst comprising 4 to 15% of at least one halogen and at least one metal from group VIII deposited on a support composed of a mixture of specific proportions of eta alumina and gamma alumina, in which isomerization is carried out on a mixture of a) a feed with the following composition by weight: 40% to 80% of paraffins, 0.5% to 7% of cyclic hydrocarbons and 6% to 45% of aromatics, and with a maximum distillation temperature of between 70.degree. C. and 90.degree. C., b) a C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cut which is generally a straight run cut, and c) a chlorine-containing compound providing a concentration of 50-5000 ppm of chlorine in the mixture.

Abstract: A catalyst active in the polymerization of alpha-olefins is formed by:(a) a bis(cyclopentadienyl) bis(amide) derivative of an element of Group IVB of the Periodic Table of the Elements, to be defined by means of the formula: ##STR1## wherein M represents a metal of Group IVB, each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, and Cp have the same meaning as reported in the disclosure, and(b) an aluminoxane co-catalyst.This catalyst finds use in the processes of ethylene and other alpha-olefins polymerization and copolymerization.

Abstract: Methane is converted into higher hydrocarbon products by oxidative coupling, by bringing a gaseous mixture containing methane and oxygen into contact with a solid catalyst formed from calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, a lanthanide oxide plus possibly lithium oxide, wherein:the lithium content is between 0 and 0.20 wt %,the calcium/magnesium atomic ratio is between 0.08 and 0.7, andthe (calcium+magnesium)/lanthanide atomic ratio is between 0.8/1 and 8/1, and preferably between 2/1 and 4/1.

Abstract: Foam-supported double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts are disclosed as useful catalysts for epoxide polymerization. Polyurethane foam-supported catalysts of the invention are more active and show reduced induction periods compared with conventional powdered DMC catalysts. The catalysts of the invention can be recovered from the epoxide polymer products and can be reused to catalyze additional epoxide polymerizations.

Abstract: A catalyst for production of alkyl tert alkyl ether from sulfur contaminated feedstock includes an ion exchange resin; a palladium first metal phase supported on the resin; and a sulfur inhibiting second metal phase supported on the resin for inhibiting sulfur deactivation of the first metal phase, wherein the first metal phase is present at an atomic ratio to the second metal phase of between about 1:20 to about 1:0.1. A process for producing alkyl tert alkyl ethers includes the steps of providing a liquid olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing sulfur and having a total sulfur content of up to about 300 ppm; providing a catalyst as described above; mixing the feedstock with alcohol and hydrogen to obtain a reaction feedstock; and contacting the reaction feedstock with the catalyst under etherification conditions so as to produce alkyl tert alkyl ether.

Abstract: An environmentally benign catalytic process for the production of sym-octahydroanthracene (sym-OHA) from sym-octahydrophenanthrene (sym-OHP) by ring-shift isomerization. Proton-form moralenite or partially dealuminated proton-form mordenite are effective catalysts for the selective formation of sym-OHA from sym-OHP. Y-zeolite and metal-ion exchanged Y-zeolites display lower selectivity towards Sym-OHA. The use of certain solvents can further improve the performance of the Y-zeolites and mordenites, particularly the selectivity of Y-zeolite catalysts. The sym-OHA is an useful product and can be converted by existing methods to various anthracene derivatives which are industrial chemicals in demand.

Abstract: A process of converting linear olefins to branched olefins by a skeletal isomerization reaction wherein said reaction is carried out at a temperature of between about 300.degree. C. and about 650.degree. C., under a pressure of between about 0.1 and about 100 atmospheres and a space velocity of said linear olefins of between about 0.1 and about 40 WHSV in the presence of a steamed then acid washed zeolite ferrierite catalyst.