Abstract: Zeolite substantially free from a free alkali ingredient is produced by a process wherein a silica source and an alumina source is reacted in an aqueous reaction medium containing an excessive amount of an alkali ingredient to form zeolite, followed by separating the so formed zeolite from the aqueous alkaline reaction medium or from an aqueous medium in which the zeolite, after being separated from the aqueous alkaline reaction medium, has been slurried. The separation of the zeolite from the aqueous alkaline reaction medium or from the aqueous medium, in which the zeolite has been slurried after being separated from the aqueous alkaline reaction medium, is effected in the added presence of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of aluminic acid.

Abstract: A new crystalline zeolite, designated "ZSM-25", a method of making the zeolite and using the zeolite in catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons, is the subject of this application. The new zeolite has a composition in the anhydrous state expressed in terms of mole ratios of oxides as follows:(0.01-0.4)R.sub.2 O:(0.9.+-.0.2)M.sub.2 O:Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : (6-10)SiO.sub.2wherein R is an organic nitrogen-containing cation such as tetraethylammonium ions and M is an alkali metal cation such as sodium and is characterized by a specified X-ray powder diffraction pattern.

Abstract: A process for producing zeolite A of the formulaNa.sub.x (AlO.sub.2).sub.x (SiO.sub.2).sub.y.ZH.sub.2 Owherein x=10 to 14, y/x=0.8 to 1.2 and Z=1 to 30, which comprises heating at a temperature of 60.degree. to 150.degree. C. an aqueous slurry comprising (a) at least one gram of clinoptilolite of the formulaNa.sub.x (AlO.sub.2).sub.x (SiO.sub.2).sub.y. ZH.sub.2 Owherein x=5 to 7, y/x=4.5 to 5.5 and Z=1 to 30, per 100 cc of slurry, (b) at least a stoichiometric amount of sodium aluminate, and (c) at least 1% by weight of sodium hydroxide until zeolite A forms and recovering zeolite A. Sodalite which may have the formulaNa.sub.6 (AlO.sub.2).sub.6 (SiO.sub.2).sub.6.2NaClcan be produced by carrying out the aforesaid process in the presence of sodium chloride.

Abstract: A method of producing carbon black including the steps of burning hydrocarbon fuel, introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock into the combustion gases, quenching the carbon black and gases formed, pelletizing the carbon black with water, drying the pellets with a purge gas and injecting a controlled amount of an oxidant gas into the substantially dry pellets to reduce their modulus-producing properties without reducing their abrasive resistance producing properties and the apparatus therefore.

Abstract: Manufacture of white calcined kaolin clay pigments from dilute dispersed aqueous suspensions of wet-processed hydrated kaolin clay is normally an energy intensive operation because heat and electrical energy are consumed in dewatering the suspensions and additional heat of substantial magnitude is required to calcine the resulting dry dewatered clay material. Energy efficiency is improved by dewatering the dilute aqueous suspension of hydrated kaolin clay in stages to provide dry pulverized calciner feed. An initial portion of the water in the dispersed aqueous suspension is removed in an electrofilter operated to produce a more concentrated but still fluid dispersed suspension of hydrated kaolin. The remainder of the liquid water is then removed from the suspension by spray drying.

Abstract: A method of treating carbon fibre in which the fibre is subjected to a surface removal step followed by a surface deactivation step. The surface deactivation step comprises either removing at least some of the functional groups on the surface of the fibre or rendering those functional groups incapable of forming a chemical bond with a resin matrix material. When such treated fibres are incorporated in a resin matrix, the resultant composite material is provided with enhanced strength properties when compared with similar composite materials containing untreated carbon fibres.

Abstract: A lime material and a siliceous material containing 10 to 40% by weight of alumina are admixed with an alkali solution, and the mixture is subjected to hydrothermal reaction with saturated water vapor at 4 to 40 kg/cm.sup.2 to form tobermorite. The reaction mixture is filtered to separate the tobermorite therefrom. A lime material and a gypsum material are added to the resulting filtrate, and the mixture is reacted at room temperature to a temperature of 90.degree. C. to form ettringite. The alkali filtrate separated from the ettringite is reused for the production of tobermorite.

Abstract: A method of producing boracites is disclosed in which an aqueous mixture of a bivalent metal halide and a group 1a element borate is heated under an inert atmosphere.

Abstract: Aluminosilicates containing an organic nitrogen cation are prepared by mixing sources of silica, alumina and an alkali metal, water and either mono-ethanolamine or mono-propanolamine, or a derivative, or the precursors or a combination thereof and maintaining the mixture at a temperature in the range from 80.degree. to 210.degree. C. and a pressure in the range from 70 to 400 psig for over 4 hours. In a preferred embodiment the alkanolamines are prepared in situ` by reaction of the corresponding alkylene oxide with ammonia. Aluminosilicates so-prepared can be used without modification as catalysts and catalyst supports. Catalytic activity can be enhanced by, for example, reducing the sodium content or impregnating with a compound of one or more metals belonging to Groups 1B, 11B, 111A, 1VA, VA and V111 or reaction with a compound of one or more non-metals of Group 111A and VA of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: A new three-dimensional crystalline zeolite having unique adsorptive properties is prepared hydrothermally from a reaction gel containing tetramethylammonium hydroxide in addition to a source of silica and alumina and sodium hydroxide. The zeolite as crystallized from the reaction system contains tetramethylammonium cations in addition to sodium cations. The zeolite is denominated zeolite .OMEGA..

Abstract: An inorganic material akin to imogolite is synthesized. Imogolite is a natural product having tubular structure and occurs in some soils. The synthetic product has tubes of 13-17% greater diameter, and is made thus:Prepare an aqueous hydroxyaluminium silicate solution containing up to 0.5 molar aluminium and of pH 3.1 to 5.0 by acid-hydrolyzing aluminium alkoxides and (introduced not earlier than the alkoxide) tetraalkyl silicate. The atomic proportion of Si: Al is up to 0.6:1.The solution thus prepared is digested, say at 96.degree. C. for a day, until a product is obtained displaying discernible electron diffraction peaks at 1.4 A, 2.1 A and 4.2 A.

Abstract: This invention concerns a cellular, spherical bead of organic, macromolecular polymer material which when carbonized in the solid state retains its original beaded shape and has a high carbon content and methods for making such beads of polymer and carbon.

Abstract: A method for disposal of sodium containing waste material comprising combustion sodium containing waste material and a silica bearing material in an incinerator having interior walls lined with a refractory material which tends to react with metallic sodium and deteriorate. The sodium containing waste material comprises sodium salt and/or bases and by providing reaction conditions whereby the metallic sodium tends to react with silica to provide a combustion product including a sodium silicate compound, the combustion is carried out in manner to reduce deterioration of refractory materials by reaction with metallic sodium. Also disclosed is a method for the simultaneous disposal of sodium containing waste material and rice hulls which contain silica and provide a portion of the combustion energy.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing a carbon fabric composed of carbon fibers having improved tensile strength and modulus of elasticity from a precursor fabric made of an acrylonitrile polymer fiber. The acrylonitrile polymer fiber used has a fusing temperature of at least 310.degree. C., contains not more than 0.1 wt. % of a residual solvent, and is prepared by a process wherein an acrylonitrile polymer comprised of at least 94 wt. % of acrylonitrile and not more than 6 wt. % of another comonomer and having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.4-2.3 is spun into filaments and then the filaments are stretched at a total stretching ratio of at least 6. The fiber of the fabric woven therefrom is treated with a transition metal-containing compound. The precursor fabric exhibits a free areal shrinkage of not more than 50% and has a weight per unit area falling within the specified range. The precursor fabric is heated in an oxidizing gas atmosphere at 200.degree.-400.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbon fabric wherein a fabric, which is made of an acrylonitrile polymer fiber having a fusing temperature (T.sub.f) of at least 310.degree. C. and exhibits a free areal shrinkage of not larger than 50%, is heated in an active gas atmosphere under conditions such that shrinkage of the fabric is permitted, thereby to be stablized, and then, the fabric is carbonized in an inactive gas atmosphere.

Abstract: Zeolite X can be produced in a reaction mixture having a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio greater than 5:1. Zeolite A can be produced in a reaction mixture having a SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio greater than 3:1. The resulting zeolite X and zeolite A have an average particle size below 2 microns. A combination of zeolite X and zeolite A can be made in the same reaction. Sand can be used as a source of silica in the production of zeolite Y by activating the sand with from 50 to 2000 ppm alumina.

Abstract: Vermiform graphite is compressed to produce a preform with a density of about 0.03 to 0.8 g/cc, followed by comminuting the preform to produce a graphite molding powder that will have a typical mold fill-ratio between about 7 and 10 to 1 for making molded graphite parts with a density of at least 1.1 g/cc.

Abstract: Synthetic cordierite (2MgO.2Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.5SiO.sub.2) ceramic bodies exhibiting high strength and low thermal expansion are produced by (1) pelletizing talc, clay and alumina in a ratio to yield a nearly stoichiometric composition, (2) sintering the pellets to form cordierite, (3) milling the pellets in non-contaminating media to about 1 to 10 microns particle size, (4) consolidating the particles, and (5) sintering to a polycrystalline body. Such bodies possess good to excellent thermal shock resistance, and are useful, for example, as components in gas turbine engines.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of cobalt from residues and/or wastes containing the same by converting the cobalt to cobalt oxide. Disclosed herein is a process for recovering cobalt values from cobalt-containing residues by heating the cobalt in the presence of air to form cobalt oxide which can be separated readily from water-soluble salts which may be present therewith.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for making hollow carbon microspheres starting with hollow microballoons made of a material which can by heating be degraded to a carbon structure having a shape similar to that of the original microballoon. The disclosure teaches specific batch treating steps and apparatus for optimizing the rate of production of the microspheres, while at the same time minimizing degradation, rupture and cracking of the resulting carbon product.