Abstract: The invention provides a catheter (12) comprising longitudinally spaced acoustic emitters (S1, S2) and receivers (M1, M2, M3) for use in determining the locations of obstructions in an upper airway of a patient. A plurality of emitters and plurality of receivers are provided, such that, when inserted into an upper airway or oral cavity, the relative attenuation of signals received at each receiver from each emitter may be used to determine the existence and/or extent of obstructions located along the propagation path between each of the various emitter-receiver pairs. Also provided are methods for determining the locations of obstructions in an upper airway using signals received from acoustic receivers as comprised by catheter arrangements according to embodiments of the invention.

Abstract: A reinforcement learning brain-machine interface (RL-BMI) can have a policy that governs how detected signals, emanating from a motor cortex of a subject's brain, are translated into action. The policy can be improved by detecting a motor signal having a characteristic and emanating from the motor cortex. The system can provide, to a device and based on (i) the motor signal and (ii) an instruction policy, a command signal resulting in a first action by a device. Additionally, an evaluation signal, emanating from the motor cortex in response to the first action, can also be detected. With the foregoing information, the system can adjust the policy based on the evaluation signal such that a subsequent motor signal, from the subject's brain, having the characteristic results in a second action, by the device, different from the first action, as needed.

Abstract: A patient monitor for monitoring cerebral activity of a patient may include a processor configured to determine a depth of consciousness index for the patient based on electroencephalography (EEG) data and determine regional oxygen saturation for the patient based on regional oximetry data. Additionally, the processor may be configured to determine a metric associated with cerebral activity of the patient based at least in part on the one or more values of the depth of consciousness index and the one or more regional oxygen saturation values and to provide the one or more values of a depth of consciousness index and the metric to an output device.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for taking critical measurements of a dental patient's anatomical features to aid in building prosthetic teeth in a minimal number of patient visits. The device to a multi-functional tool for dental professionals to acquire valuable anatomical data.

Abstract: System and method for evaluating a cognitive load on a user, corresponding to a stimulus is disclosed. Electroencephalogram (EEG) data corresponding to the stimulus of a user is received. The stimulus corresponds to a mental task performed by the user. The EEG data is split into a plurality of slots. A slot of the plurality of slots comprises a subset of the EEG data. One or more EEG features are extracted from the subset of the EEG data. The one or more EEG features are represented in one of a frequency domain and a time domain. A plurality of data points present in the one or more EEG features is grouped into two or more clusters using an unsupervised learning technique. The two or more clusters comprise one or more data points of the plurality of data points. The one or more data points correspond to a level of the cognitive load.

Abstract: The invention provides a two-step approach to providing a BCI system. In a first step the invention provides a low-power implantable platform for amplifying and filtering the extracellular recording, performing analogue to digital conversion (ADC) and detecting action potentials in real-time, which is connected to a remote device capable of performing the processor-intensive tasks of feature extraction and spike classification, thus generating a plurality of predetermined templates for each neuron to be used in a second processing step. In the second step the low-power implantable platform amplifies and filters the extracellular recording, performs ADC and detects action potentials, which can be matched on-chip to the predetermined templates generated by the external receiver in the first step.

Abstract: A more practical method for evaluating an inhibitory circuit applicable to a living body, and the use thereof. Herein the action of an inhibitory circuit on an excitatory circuit is evaluated on the basis of attenuation of the brain activity produced by activation of an excitatory circuit by the input of an inhibitory circuit by performing a step for inputting an inhibitory circuit by applying a second trigger in advance of a first trigger to an excitatory circuit activated by a first trigger which is a stimulus or challenge.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of continuously monitoring neuronal avalanches in a subject comprising (a) determining a deviation in avalanche exponent (?) or branching parameter (?) from a predetermined value at rest, wherein the pre-determined value of ? is a slope of a size distribution of the synchronized neuronal activity and the predetermined value is ?3/2 and the pre-determined value of ? is a ratio of successively propagated synchronized neuronal activity and the predetermined value is 1; and (b) repeating step (a) one or more times to continuously monitor neuronal avalanches in a subject. The invention also features methods of determining or monitoring the degree of sleep deprivation in a subject, methods of identifying subjects that are susceptible to a sleep disorder and methods of diagnosing a sleep disorder in a subject.

Abstract: A sensor is provided for measuring a dissolved oxygen concentration in vivo when implanted at a tissue site and in ex vivo applications. The sensor includes an article comprising a sensing medium retained within the implantable article by an oxygen-permeable material. The sensing medium comprises an MR contrast agent for oxygen. The sensor is configured to indicate the dissolved oxygen concentration of a fluid, e.g., in vivo at the tissue site, when subjected to an MR-based method.

Abstract: A single sensor capable of detecting both airflow in spirometry and the full range of sound frequencies needed to track clinically relevant breath sounds is provided. The airflow sensor includes a movable flap with one or more integrated strain gauges for measuring displacement and vibration. The airflow sensor is inherently bidirectional. The sensor is an elastic flap airflow sensor that is capable of detecting data needed for both spirometry and auscultation measurements. The sensor is sterilizable and designed for the measurement of human respiratory airflow. The sterilizable sensor is also suitable for non-medical fluid flow metering applications. Additional devices such as sensors for the ambient level of various chemicals, sensors for temperature, sensors for humidity and microphones, may be affixed to the flap. When the strain gauge is placed in a conventional Wheatstone bridge configuration, the sensor can provide the airflow measurements needed for medical spirometry.

Abstract: A method and system for instructing a user behavior change comprising: collecting a first and a second bioelectrical signal dataset; generating an analysis based upon the first and the second bioelectrical signal datasets; and providing a behavior change suggestion to the user based upon the analysis. The method can further comprise collecting a third bioelectrical signal dataset associated with a performance of an action by the user in response to the behavior change suggestion; generating an adherence metric based upon the third bioelectrical signal dataset and at least one of the first and the second bioelectrical signal datasets; providing a stimulus configured to prompt an action by the user; and providing at least one of the analysis and an analysis based upon the adherence metric to the user. An embodiment of the system comprises a biosignal detector and a processor configured to implement an embodiment of the method.

Abstract: A system for measuring the mechanical impedance of a patient's respiratory system during spontaneous respiratory activity, characterised by comprising a fan; a motor which operates said fan; said motor and said fan being positioned within a cavity; said cavity comprising an initial end and a final end, both providing access to the outside; said cavity presenting an impedance between said initial and said final end of less than 1 cm H2O/L/s; said fan withdrawing air from said final end and providing pressure variations of small amplitude and of frequency >2 Hz to said initial end; said initial end comprising air pressure and air flow measurement means and a connection directly connected to the airway opening.

Abstract: Disclosed is a blood glucose measuring device, method, and system. In response to a connection of a blood glucose measuring module to a socket of the blood glucose measuring device being detected, the blood glucose measuring device may receive a data signal from the blood glucose measuring module and read a bit of the data signal based on a period of data signal.

Abstract: A system to measure blood pressure of a person comprises a software that is configured to obtain two or more sensor information from one or more sensor near simultaneously. The sensor information comprises data points, from which at least one data feature can be derived. Based on the data features derived from the data points, a value of the cardiovascular time delay can be derived. The system can further derive a blood pressure value based on the cardiovascular time delay, and provide the value of the blood pressure, the cardiovascular delay, or other metrics derived from the cardiovascular delay to a user. The sensors can be placed in one or more mobile or wearable devices, which can communicate with each other wirelessly.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a system configured to adjust an intensity of sensory stimulation delivered to a subject during a sleep session based on sleep spindles in the subject during the sleep session. The system is configured to adjust the intensity of the stimulation based on a sleep spindle frequency and/or a sleep spindle density. The system is configured to determine a recent spindle density and/or a recent spindle frequency for a recent period of time during the sleep session based on detected sleep spindles, and to determine a previous spindle density and/or a previous spindle frequency for a previous period of time during the sleep session based on the detected sleep spindles. The system controls the intensity of sensory stimulation provided to the subject based on a comparison of the previous spindle density to the recent spindle density and/or the previous spindle frequency to the recent spindle frequency.

Abstract: A brain machine interface (BMI) for improving a performance of a subject is provided. The BMI has two decoders that act in real-time and in parallel to each other. The first decoder is for intention execution of a subject's intention. The second decoder is for error detection in a closed-loop error fashion with the first detector and to improve the performance of the first detector. Embodiments of this invention may enable an entirely new way to substantially increase the performance and robustness, user experience, and ultimately the clinical viability of BMI systems.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining whether the brain is fatigued may include: an electroencephalogram signal collection module for collecting electroencephalogram signals of a testee; a quantization processing module for quantifying the electroencephalogram signals utilizing a sample entropy algorithm to obtain a final sample entropy value of the electroencephalogram signals; and a fatigue state determination module for determining whether the brain of the testee is fatigued according to the final sample entropy value, wherein it is determined that the brain of the testee is in a fatigue state when the final sample entropy value is within a predetermined range.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for seizure detection. The method for seizure detection may include receiving a plurality of electroencephalography (EEG) signals over a plurality of channels for a subject, preprocessing the plurality of EEG signals by segmenting the plurality of EEG signals for each channel into a plurality of temporal data segments, extracting a plurality of features from each temporal data segment for each channel, and applying a machine learning algorithm to the plurality of features to perform a seizure binary classification for each temporal data segment for each channel. A control policy may be employed to determine a seizure burden on the aggregated seizure binary classifications. When the seizure burden is equal to or exceeds a threshold, a notification may be generated. The notification may be usable by a healthcare practitioner to assess whether the subject may be at risk of having a seizure.

Abstract: A biological signal acquirer is attached to a subject and acquires a biological signal of the subject. A transmitter carried by the subject transmits the biological signal. A first communication port and a first camera are installed in a first location and connectable to a network. A second communication port and a second camera are installed in a second location and connectable to the network. A biological information acquiring device is connectable to the network and provided with a switcher. The switcher acquires, when communication establishment between the transmitter and the first communication port is detected, the biological signal through the first communication port as well as a first image taken by the first camera, and acquires, when communication establishment between the transmitter and the second communication port is detected, the biological signal through the second communication port as well as a second image taken by the second camera.

Abstract: Disclosed is ischemic precondition treatment equipment and a use and method thereof for judging health condition of blood vessels. A gas way structure (4) is arranged inside a shell of ischemic precondition training treatment equipment. The gas way structure comprises a 5-way device (43). The 5-way device (43) is connected to a left gas pump (41), a right gas pump (42), a left solenoid valve (44), a right solenoid valve (45) and a release valve (48), respectively. The gas way structure (4) can rapidly bring a pressure of an armband airbag to the set pressure value in a short period of time, which is effective in relieving the patients' discomfort and pain when used. It is suitable for long-term use for training. In addition, it also can judge the health condition of blood vessels.