Abstract: The invention relates to a process for production of biogas from a biodegradable substrate under anaerobic conditions, comprising the steps of introducing the substrate into a reaction space, the addition of a lime-based material having a particle diameter (d97) of less than 90 ?m and/or (d50) of less than 10 ?m to the substrate, and the biodegradation of the substrate to form biogas.

Abstract: A demineralized bone matrix is produced by a process in which a bone body is placed in a first processing solution comprising an acid to demineralize the bone body. The bone body is periodically removed from the first solution at specific time intervals to perform at least one test, such as a compression test, on a mechanical property of the bone body. When the test yields a desired result, the bone body is exposed to a second processing solution that is less acidic than the first, thus minimizing the exposure of the bone body to the harsh acidic conditions of the demineralization phase of the process.

Abstract: The invention relates to progenitor cells of mesodermal lineage and their use in therapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the treatment and/or prophylaxis of storage diseases of harvested material. This object is achieved by the use of the bacterium of Pseudomonas sp. Proradix (DSMZ 13134). This object is further achieved by a method comprising provision of harvested material, contacting said harvested material with a solution containing the bacterium of Pseudomonas sp. Proradix (DSMZ 13134), and storing the harvested material outside of the ground soil.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of producing oils with reduced saturated fatty acids. The methods include culturing oil-producing microorganisms in a fermentation medium in the presence of one or more antifoaming agents under a controlled carbon consumption rate, wherein the culturing produces oils comprising fatty acids and wherein less than 35% of the fatty acids in the oil are saturated fatty acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel melanocytes and melanoblasts. In addition, the present invention relates to a novel method for producing melanocytes and melanoblasts. Specifically, provided is novel melanocytes of which gene expression, melanin content, and tyrosinase activity are different from those of conventional melanocytes. Even more specifically, provided is novel melanoblasts of which the gene expression, the melanin content the tyrosinase activity, and the protein expression are different from those of conventional melanocytes. Additionally, provided is a novel method for producing melanocytes or melanoblasts by culturing keratinocytes.

Abstract: A substrate for culturing cells that includes at least one fiber scaffold adapted to be contained within a disposable or non-disposable bioreactor, wherein the fiber scaffold further includes polymer fibers that have been created by electrospinning, and wherein the orientation of the fibers in the scaffold relative to one another is generally parallel, random, or both.

Abstract: There is provided a method for culturing a stem cell in vitro. The method comprises providing a substrate surface coated with a coating comprising a molecule having a catechol moiety or a polymer thereof; and growing a stem cell on said coated substrate surface in a growth medium.

Abstract: A peanut food product with reduced levels of allergenic proteins such as Ala h1/h2/h3 is produced by initiating the germination process in raw peanuts, holding the peanuts in moist conditions to initiate germination, and then treating with bromelain.

Abstract: A method for performing a photopheresis procedure is provided comprising collecting MNCs in a suspension comprising RBCs and plasma and lysing the red blood cells in the solution, preferably by combining the suspension with a solution to cause lysis. In one example, the solution for causing lysis of the red blood cells comprises ammonium chloride, and the suspension including the ammonium chloride is incubated to cause lysing. After lysing, the suspension may be washed to remove plasma and hemoglobin freed by the lysis of the red blood cells, and an ultraviolet light activated substance is added to the suspension. The suspension is then irradiated with ultraviolet light.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for reducing the frequency and/or severity of headache in a subject comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising the stromal vascular fraction or stromal cells of adipose tissue. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for reducing the frequency and/or severity of headache in a subject comprising administering to the subject a composition compositing bone marrow. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for reducing the frequency or severity of headache in a subject comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising adult stem cells.

Abstract: The invention provides an animal cell culture kit to be used favorably for culturing animal cells, a method for culturing animal cells, a method for culturing selectively animal cells, and a method for differentiating a cell. An animal cell culture kit according to the invention includes an incubator containing one or more types of functional groups selected from the group consisting of hydrophilic functional groups and hydrophobic functional groups at predetermined contents on a surface, and a serum-free culture medium. Since the animal cell culture kit includes an incubator having a functional group suitable for adhesion and proliferation of specific animal cells, proliferation of animal cells can be promoted even with a serum-free culture medium.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides tissue supports and methods for preparing a cartilage composition for repairing cartilage defects, which is prepared by expanding and integrating small cartilage tissue pieces derived from donor or engineered tissue. The methods and supports described herein promote cell migration and integration of neighboring tissue pieces in culture to form the cartilage composition. Methods of cartilage repair using the cartilage composition are also described.

Abstract: The invention provides locomotive biological machines comprised of hydrogel structures and one or more types of cells. The locomotive biological machines are capable of controlled directional movement and can be used for sensing, information processing, actuation, protein expression, and transportation.

Abstract: A self-supporting composite body comprising a substrate of discrete particles and a network of interconnected mycelia cells extending through and around the discrete particles and bonding the discrete particles together is characterized in being stiff and in having a density of greater than 18 pounds per cubic foot (pcf). The method of making the composite body includes compressing a mass of biocomposite material comprised of discrete particles and a network of interconnected mycelia cells in the presence of moisture into a compressed body having a density in excess of 18 pcf. Compression may take place batch wise in a press or continuously between a pair of movable endless conveyors.

Abstract: Described are processes that include the non-enzymatic, hydrolytic liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass to form digest slurries and heat recovery from such digest slurries. Due to enhanced flow properties of the digest slurries such heat recovery can be efficiently conducted in spiral, plate and frame or other heat exchanger designs, with the recovered heat going to unit operations of the process such as heating incoming pretreatment media for the liquefaction. Processes can also involve additional hydrolytic digestion of some or all of the initial slurry components with enzyme and/or additional heat recovery from the initial slurry by direct contact heat exchange in which a portion of the digest slurry liquids is flashed to vapor and that vapor is condensed onto incoming lignocellulosic biomass to the process. Processes as described can be integrated into ethanol manufacture by fermentation of sugars from the digested compositions.

Abstract: Provided is a novel method capable of producing an artificial skin model. A method for producing an artificial skin model includes: providing coated cells (1), each of which is obtained by covering the surface of a cell (3) with a coating film (2) containing an extracellular matrix component; forming a dermis tissue layer (7), in which the coated cells (1) are laminated, by culturing the coated cells (1); and forming an epidermis layer (12) by arranging epidermis cells (8) on the dermis tissue layer (7).

Abstract: Methods for production of platelets from pluripotent stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are provided. These methods may be performed without forming embryoid bodies or clusters of pluripotent stem cells, and may be performed without the use of stromal inducer cells. Additionally, the yield and/or purity can be greater than has been reported for prior methods of producing platelets from pluripotent stem cells. Also provided are compositions and pharmaceutical preparations comprising platelets, preferably produced from pluripotent stem cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of reducing total gas production and/or methane production in a ruminant animal.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the field of probiotics, and in particular to preventing and/or treating inflammatory and infectious disorders, for example by boosting the endogenous antimicrobial defences. One embodiment of the present invention is a composition comprising a combination of L. johnsonii (La1, NCC 533, deposit number CNCM I-1225) and Bifidobacterium longum NCC2705 (deposit number CNCM I-2618). This composition may be used in the treatment or prevention of disorders related to the immune system including infections.