Abstract: Solar energy (called energy to the extent it is thermodynamically useful) is focussed by an inflated, buoyant reflector for heating lithium circulating through an MHD conversion system. Hydrogen and nitrogen are added to the heated lithium, finely divided iron serving as catalyst to obtain lithium amid. The hydrogen has been produced by electrolysis of water. The lithium-lithium amid mixture (liquid) is mixed with pressurized nitrogen to obtain a two phase flow in which the liquid is accelerated; focussed into a jet passing through the MHD converter to obtain hydrazine and additional electrical energy e.g. for the hydrogen electrolysis; and returned to the solar heater. The gas (N.sub.2) is separated; subjected to recuperative heat exchange with itself; and low temperature isothermic compression under direct contact with a liquid which in turn is, ultimately, air cooled. The entire assembly is of elongated construction wherein the main active elements are arranged along a center axis e.g.

Abstract: An electrode for use in the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of a metal halide, the electrode comprising an electrically conductive substrate and, formed thereon, a coating comprising(1) 50 to 95 mole % of platinum and(2)(a) 5 to 50 mole % of tin oxide, or(b) 5 to 50 mole % of tin oxide and cobalt oxide, wherein the tin oxide is present in an amount of at least 5 mole % and the cobalt oxide is present in an amount up to 20 mole %;and a process for producing the above-described electrode.

Abstract: PCT No. PCT/EP79/00020 Sec. 371 Date Nov. 28, 1979 Sec. 102(e) Date Nov. 26, 2979 PCT Filed Mar. 27, 1979 PCT Pub. No. WO79/00840 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 18, 1979An electrode for electrolytic processes such as the recovery of uranium dioxide from seawater comprises an electrically-conductive corrosion-resistant substrate having an electrocatalytic coating which is preferably a mixture of 30 to 80 parts by weight of platinum, 20 to 70 parts by weight (as Mn metal) of .beta.--MnO.sub.2 and 2 to 10 parts by weight (as Sn metal) of tin dioxide.

Abstract: An expandable electrode for use in an electrolytic cell of the diaphragm or membrane type and comprising a pair of electrode plates bridged along one edge of each plate, and located between the plates in a plane essentially perpendicular to the faces of the plates at least one spacing member which in profile is in the form of one or more substantially wedge-shaped sections and which is movable relative to the electrode plates, the electrode plates being provided with one or more transverse members which, upon movement of the spacing member relative to the plates, is or are engaged by the wedge-shaped sections(s) of the spacing member(s) to control the spacing between the electrode plates. The spacing member preferably comprises one or more double wedge-shaped sections and the electrode plates are preferably slotted plates, for example louvred plates.

Abstract: A magnetic dispersion is prepared by adjusting the pH of a mixture containing magnetic particles to a value which results in a positive electrostatic charge on the particles, while a mixture containing colloidal silica particles at the same pH results in negative electrostatic charges on the silica particles. Combining these mixtures causes the silica particles to coat and irreversibly bond to the magnetic particles resulting in better dispersion and less aggregation of the magnetic particles.

Abstract: An ionized gas plasma is established in an electrical field in contact with a non-vapor volume monomer (liquid and/or solid). The plasma causes polymerization of the monomers which are of the phosphazene or carborane type.

Abstract: A process for the direct thermal nitridation of silicon semiconductor devices in which the semiconductor body is placed in an atmosphere of N.sub.2, at a temperature of less than 1000.degree. C. The N.sub.2 is activated by an RF electrical field which ionizes the nitrogen, which then combines with the silicon surface.

Abstract: The magnetic characteristics of magnetic powder consisting mainly of iron are improved by pre-treating the starting material from which the magnetic powder is prepared by reductions, with an aqueous solution and/or suspension of one member selected from the group consisting of zinc, chromium and copper compounds and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and apparatus for the treatment of bulky fibrous webs, derived at least partially from thermoplastic fibres, so as to impart cohesion to the webs. The process involves passing the webs between at least one pair of rotating cylindrical metallic electrodes, of which one is connected to a high frequency generator and the other is connected to earth, the web being compressed between the electrodes and being driven by them. One of the electrodes is covered with a layer of dielectric material having a smooth surface, and the discharges produced between the electrodes are partial discharges (or glow discharges), the path of which extends over only a part of the gap between the electrodes, starting from the electrode covered with dielectric material and extending to near the surface of the other electrode.

Abstract: A method of making electrodes using a solid polymer electrolyte base member and catalyst is disclosed. Before the catalyst is deposited upon the surface of the solid polymer electrolyte, the surface is treated by a suitable abrading or roughening means which contacts the surface of the solid polymer electrolyte base member in at least two directions. In a preferred mode, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is abraded with a silicon carbide sheet to provide the desired roughness. The catalyst is deposited upon the roughened or abraded surface and fixed thereto by suitable means, e.g., pressure and/or heat. By this method, substantially reduced loadings of catalysts are possible. Solid polymer electrolyte catalytic electrodes made by this method are superior to prior art electrodes having substantially higher catalytic loadings when used as anodes in water electrolysis.

Abstract: An acidic electroplating bath containing, as a surfactant, a compound of the formula:R--Ar--O--(C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.n --(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.m --Hwherein R is at least one halide, aldehyde, amine, carboxyl, ketone or mixture thereof, Ar is benzene or naphthalene, n is from zero to 10, m is from zero to 100, and m+n is greater than zero.

Abstract: A liquid scintillator solution which consists essentially of a polyalkylene glycol derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are each a hydrogen atom, a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a cyclohexyl group, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are each a hydrogen atom or a methyl group provided that both R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are not methyl groups, m is 0 or 1 and n is a value between 2 and 15; and a scintillator.

Abstract: Porous electrode bodies are effectively provided with efficient internal surface deposits of manganese oxide(s) catalyst formations by decomposition, under an atmosphere that can either be oxidizing, reducing or inert in nature, at an elevated temperature of a pre-applied anionic manganese salt reagent (notably manganese nitrate but also certain carboxylic acid salts of manganese, etc.) in order to chemically decompose the reagent to advantageous manganese oxide forms within the body pores. Exposure to a reducing environment after catalyst deposition ameliorates the provided catalyst structure by rendering therein more electrocatalytically active variations of the emplaced manganese oxides. Highly reliable and satisfactory electrode products particularly well suited for use as depolarized cathodes, especially in chlor-alkali cells, are obtained from the treatment.

Abstract: Apparatus for electroplating bearing surfaces of a crankshaft while the crankshaft is submerged in a plating tank containing a plating bath. A current conducting mount means is affixed to and rotatably supports a plurality of crankshafts submerged in the plating bath. The mount means includes a cylindrical housing having a spindle which extends therethrough so that one end of opposed crankshafts can be attached to opposed ends of the spindle, thereby enabling several crankshafts to be simultaneously electroplated. Seal means forms a mercury chamber between the housing and the spindle, and another seal means located at opposed ends of the housing forms a bearing chamber which protects a bearing means from the plating bath. Hence, the bearings are protected from the mercury by one of the seal means and from the plating bath by the other seal means.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of nitrogen oxides (NO and NO.sub.2) by the reaction of nitrogen and oxygen in a plasma furnace.According to this process, a plasma of oxygen and nitrogen is introduced into the reaction chamber of the plasma furnace, whereof the internal surface of the walls is covered with a catalyst chosen from tungsten trioxide (WO.sub.3) and molybdenum trioxide (MoO.sub.3).

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode for use in electrochemical processes wherein a metal substrate made of a valve metal mesh such as titanium carries a semiconductive intermediate coating consisting of tin and antimony oxides laid down upon the valve metal mesh in a series of layers and an electrocatalytically active top coating of an oxide of manganese, applied in a series of layers or by electroplating and subsequently baked in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of 380.degree. to 420.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention provides an effective method for subjecting the inner surface of a tubular body made of a plastic resin to a treatment with low temperature plasma according to which the tubular body is dipped in an insulating oil bath while the inside of the tubular body is filled with a plasma gas under a reduced pressure and electric power for the generation of a low temperature plasma is supplied to electrodes surrounding the tubular body in the insulating oil. Several of the problems in the prior art methods can be solved by the present invention such as undesirable thermal degradation of the tube surface by the evolved by the electric discharge, and power loss due to the generation of plasma outside the tubular body.

Abstract: An essentially planar electrowinning anode made of infiltrated sintered metal, e.g. lead infiltrated sintered titanium having longitudinally extending bars of lead metallurgically bonded to and shielded by the infiltrated metal. Advantageously the anode is made up of at least two strips of lead infiltrated, sintered titanium with a lead bar bridging the junction of the strips.

Abstract: An electrode for electrochemical processes comprises an electrically conductive base topped with a layer of active compound composed of, wt %:______________________________________ metal oxide from the platium group 5-45 at least one metal oxide from the iron and manganese group 19-94.9 boron oxide 0.1-50 ______________________________________A method of fabricating the electrode for electrochemical processes involves deposition of an active compound on an electrically conductive base, the steps comprised in the procedure being application thereto of a solution made up of a thermally decomposed boric compound, at least one thermally decomposed metal compound from the iron and manganese group, and at least one thermally decomposed metal compound from the platinum group, and thermal treatment of said base at a temperature of 360.degree. to 500.degree. C.

Abstract: An electrode is prepared by etching an alloy substrate comprising a first metallic component selected from the group consisting of chromium, manganese, tantalum, niobium, vanadium, titanium, silicon, zirconium, germanium, scandium, yttrium and lanthanum and a second metallic component selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, tungsten, copper, silver, cobalt and molybdenum to remove at least part of the first metallic component.