Abstract: In a spectrographic workpiece metrology system having an optical viewing window, the viewing window is calibrated against a reference sample of a known absolute reflectance spectrum to produce a normalized reflectance spectrum of the reference sample, which is combined with the absolute reflectance spectrum to produce a correction factor. Successive production workpieces are measured through the window and calibrated against the viewing window reflectance, and transformed to absolute reflectance spectra using the same correction factor without having to re-load the reference sample.

Abstract: A detection device comprising a substrate comprising a plurality of objects of which properties are changed due to the contact with a target substance, means for bringing the target substance into contact with the objects, and means for detecting a change in properties of the objects caused when the target substance is brought into contact with the objects, based on light output when the objects are irradiated with light, wherein the plurality of the objects are located in the direction in which the light for irradiation travels, and the detecting means is means for detecting the change in the properties based on the summation of light output from the plurality of the objects upon irradiation with light.

Abstract: Spectroscopic analysis systems and methods for analyzing samples are disclosed. An analysis system may contain an electromagnetic radiation source to provide radiation, a spectroscopic analysis chamber to perform a coherent Raman spectroscopy (e.g., stimulated Raman or coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy), and a radiation detector to detect radiation based on the spectroscopy. The chamber may have a resonant cavity to contain a sample for analysis, at least one window to the cavity to transmit the first radiation into the cavity and to transmit a second radiation out, a plurality of reflectors affixed to a housing of the cavity to reflect radiation of a predetermined frequency, the plurality of reflectors separated by a distance that is sufficient to resonate the radiation. The spectroscopic analysis system may be coupled with a nucleic acid sequencing system to receive a single nucleic acid derivative in solution and identify the derivative to sequence the nucleic acid.

Abstract: A method for determining simultaneously from an oxidized black liquor sample an amount of sulfide, an amount of total dissolved solids, and an amount of effective alkali present in the sample, wherein the sulfide amount, the total dissolved solids amount, and the effective alkali amount are determined by subjecting the sample to attenuated total reflection (ATR) ultraviolet/visible (UV/V) spectroscopy over a wavelength of from about 190 to about 500 nm. Data from analyzing oxidized black liquor samples, and from analyzing one or more black liquor samples which may be subjected to black oxidation, may be used in a black liquor oxidation (BLOX) system for monitoring and/or controlling sulfur emissions from a kraft process.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for a sorting flow cytometer include an objective lens having an optical axis coaxially aligned with the flow path at the focal point. A controllable energy source selectively alters an analyte according to a determination of whether the analyte is in a desired sub-population. In various embodiments, one or both of the emission from the controllable energy source and/or the emission from an illumination energy source passes through the objective lens. In some embodiments in which the emission from the controllable energy source passes through the objective lens, the objective lens may focus the emission from the controllable energy source at a different point than the focal point of a signal detected from the analyte and, in particular, at a point closer to the objective lens.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes a number of method, medium, and apparatus claims utilized for color sensor performance. One method includes determining performance of a color sensor, which can be performed by measuring a color parameter intensity and reflectance spectral power distribution of a particular type of print medium with a color sensing utility of a print apparatus. The method also can include detecting a magnitude of a difference between the measured color parameter intensity and reflectance spectral power distribution of the particular type of print medium and a predetermined intensity and reflectance spectral power distribution of the color parameter of the particular type of print medium, where the predetermined intensity and reflectance spectral power distribution is stored in memory.

Abstract: A system and method for determining at least one of: a disease state, a metabolic state, a clinical outcome, and a disease progression of a test renal or prostate sample. A test Raman data set is obtained from the sample wherein said test Raman data set may comprise at least one of a plurality of Raman spectra and a plurality of spatially accurate wavelength resolved Raman images. The test Raman data set is compared to a plurality of reference Raman data sets using a chemometric technique. For analysis of renal samples, each of these reference Raman data sets may have an associated known renal sample and an associated known metabolic state, clinical outcome, and/or disease progression. For analysis of prostate samples, each of these reference Raman data sets may have an associated known prostate sample and an associated known disease state, metabolic state, clinical outcome, and/or disease progression.

Abstract: A method of producing an image of an object residing inside a transparent container of a first color includes: illuminating the container and the object with light of a second color, the second color being substantially the inverse of the first color; and producing an image of the object through the container. An image produced by this method can exhibit substantially the same color as the object itself, even when the image is taken through a colored transparent wall.

Abstract: There is provided a method for manufacturing a surface enhanced Raman scattering nano-tagging particle, the method including the steps of: introducing silver nanoparticles on the surface of a silica core particle; immobilizing tagging materials and silica shell precursors on the silver nanoparticles; and forming a silica shell surrounding the silica core particle to which the tagging materials and the silica shell precursor are immobilized.

Abstract: A method and system are provided to correct differences among multiple spectrophotometers. In one form, one spectrophotometer of a plurality that may be present in an image rendering system is treated as “primary”. Additional spectrophotometers are treated as “secondary”. The spectrum of a color from a secondary spectrophotometer is transformed by a linear transformation to an adjusted spectrum, which then is converted to L*a*b* (if desired) using standard techniques. The L*a*b* thus produced is, on average, substantially closer to the L*a*b* that the primary spectrophotometer would have produced when measuring the same color than it is to the L*a*b* that the secondary spectrophotometer would have produced without any correction. The linear transformation is generated by linear regression to minimize the spectral error, followed by non-linear optimization to minimize the error relative to a color difference metric—such as DeltaE 2000.

Abstract: A method of analyzing spectroscopic data, the method comprising collecting spatially resolved measurement spectroscopic data of a sample for a series of measurements spots, assigning the measurement spots into a predefined set of spectral categories, based on characteristics of the spectroscopic data of the respective measurement spots, identifying groupings of the measurement spots based on their respective spectral categories and their spatial relationships, and assigning each grouping of measurement spots to a fundamental sample unit data object.

Abstract: A light amount is increased and an analyzing accuracy can be kept in accordance with an enlargement of a load angle, however, a scattered light tends to be loaded in an analysis accompanying the scattered light and a dynamic range of a concentration which can be measured becomes narrow. A light is dispersed by a light dispersing portion, a load angle of the received light is changed per wavelength, the load angle is made larger in the light of a wavelength having a small light amount, and the load angle is made smaller in the light a wavelength having a large light amount and used for an analysis accompanying a scattered light. Accordingly, it is possible to gain a dynamic range of a concentration which can be measured in the analysis accompanying the scattered light, while increasing the light amount and maintaining the analyzing accuracy.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for determining optical surface properties of workpieces, comprising a housing, in the interior of which there is provided a carrier on which the workpiece be arranged, and comprising a radiation device which directs radiation onto the workpiece in a predefined emission direction (E). According to the invention, the housing has in at least one wall an observation opening, through which a region of the workpiece illuminated by the radiation device can be observed in a predefined observation direction (B).

Abstract: Provided is a detection method and device for analyzing trace substance of interest in a short time and with high accuracy without the need of performing any treatment for binding a fluorescent substance to the substance of interest or using any large apparatus. The substance of interest is detected by being immobilizing on a surface of any one of a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, a luminescent layer, a buffer layer, and inside surfaces of electrodes for an organic electroluminescent device based on a change in at least one luminescent property selected from luminescence intensity, luminous efficiency, and emission spectrum of the organic electroluminescent device before and after the immobilization of the substance of interest.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a property of a fluid downhole, is provided an includes: an optical fiber that receives light emitted from a light source and including an unclad portion adapted for contacting the fluid; a photodetector for receiving optical signals from the portion; and a spectrometer for obtaining an evanescent spectrum of the fluid from the portion. A method and a system are included.

Abstract: A structure for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy is disclosed herein. A substrate has a stack configured vertically thereon. The stack encompasses at least two metal layers and at least one dielectric layer therebetween. Each layer of the stack has a controlled thickness, and each of the at least two metal layers is configured to exhibit a predetermined characteristic of plasmonic resonance.

Abstract: Alignment marks 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d are formed on the flat plane 11a of the peripheral edge portion 11 formed integrally with the diffracting layer 8, and when the lens portion 7 is mounted onto the substrate 2, these alignment marks 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d are positioned to the substrate 2, thereby making exact alignment of the diffracting layer 8 with respect to the light detecting portion 4a of the light detecting element 4, for example, not by depending on a difference in curvature radius of the lens portion 7. In particular, the alignment marks 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d are formed on the flat plane 11a, thereby image recognition is given to exactly detect positions of the alignment marks 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d, thus making it possible to make exact alignment.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for measuring color of a moving web. The web is measured by reflectance measurement and transmittance measurement, wherein the reflectance measurement is carried out by illuminating a surface of the web in a measuring area, where on the other side of the web at the measuring area resides a solidly attached backing element and measuring the radiation reflected from the web. The transmittance measurement is carried out by illuminating the web and measuring the radiation transmitted through the web. The radiation measured in the transmittance measurement is transmitted through the backing element.

Abstract: Color measurements of color samples are estimated by a system and method wherein an area coverage of a color sample is computed, the color sample is printed, a color of the printed color sample, such as a set of reflectance values, is measured at a first temperature, and a color of the printed color sample is estimated at a second temperature lower than the first temperature, the estimation being based on the area coverage and a thermochromatic model which represents relationships between measured colors of printed color samples at the first and second temperatures.

Abstract: A biochip for implementing analysis on the basis of the distribution of a quantity of light of fluorescent light generated at sites disposed thereon, the biochip having, markers formed thereon and defined previously in a positional relationship relative to the sites; and a processor for recognizing positions of the sites on the biochip on the basis of the positions of the markers, wherein the markers are formed of at least one of dyes, pigment, metal colloid bonded to biopolymer, dyes bonded to biopolymer, and pigment bonded to biopolymer.