Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the formation of terephthalate esters. The present invention also relates to the depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or poly(ethylene glycol-co-1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol terephthalate) and the recovery of terephthalate esters.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound of formula (I): (R1R2N)SinH2n+1 (I), wherein subscript n is an integer from 3 to 9; and each R1 and R2 independently is (C1-C6)alkyl, (C3-C6)cycloalkyl, (C2-C6)alkenyl, (C2-C6)alkynyl, or phenyl; or R1 is H and R2 is (C1-C6)alkyl, (C3-C6)cycloalkyl, (C2-C6)alkenyl, (C2-C6)alkynyl, or phenyl; or R1 and R2 are bonded together to be -R1a R2a wherein -R1a-R2a- is (C2-C6)alkylene. Also disclosed are a method of making, intermediates useful therein, method of using, and composition comprising the compound of formula (I).

Abstract: A hydrolysis-stable mesoporous silica material has surface bearing functional groups of formula OxSiR4-x, where x is in a range from 1-3 and where each of the radicals R independently of any other contains c carbon atoms, n nitrogen atoms and o oxygen atoms, for which c + n o > 0.35 . At least ? of the nitrogen atoms and of the oxygen atoms carries in each case at least one hydrogen atom or is ionic. At least one radical R of a functional group is crosslinked with another radical R of a different functional group. The material is produced by providing a mesoporous silica material and functionalizing the surface of the mesoporous silica material with at least one silane of formula YxSiR4-x, where x is in a range from 1-3 and where Y is a functional group which reacts with a hydroxyl group on the surface of the mesoporous silica material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for urea finishing. A urea solution is subjected to crystallization and, other than in conventional processes, the urea crystals are shaped by exerting mechanical force onto them. Thus, the conventional prilling or granulation finishing steps can be avoided, and so are the corresponding emissions of ammonia and/or dust. The crystallization comprises a flash crystallization. The invention also pertains to the urea particles obtainable by the process, to a urea plant, and to a method of modifying an existing urea plant.

Abstract: An alkyl tin compound having an alkyl group bonded to a tin atom, wherein the alkyl group is a branched alkyl or cyclic group-substituted alkyl group, the branched alkyl group being an alkyl group branched at at least one carbon atom of the first to third carbon atoms counting from the tin atom, and the cyclic group-substituted alkyl group being an alkyl group having a cyclic group bonded at at least one carbon atom of the first to third carbon atoms counting from the tin atom.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a hydrogen oxidation catalyst that does not contain platinum. Disclosed is a hydrogen oxidation catalyst that is a dinuclear transition metal complex having a chemical structure represented by the following general formula (1) or (2): wherein, in the general formulae (1) and (2), M1 and M2 are each independently Fe or Ru; Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently a cyclopentadienyl group or a pentamethylcyclopentadienyl group; Ar3 and Ar4 are each independently a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms; and Ar5 is a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and in the general formula (2), R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method of making a diakyl-, diaryl-, or alkylaryl-dihalosilane in a Grignard coupling reaction with a high degree of selectivity is provided. More specifically, a Grignard reagent comprising an alkyl- or aryl-magnesium halide is allowed to react with an alkyl- or aryl-trihalosilane precursor or reagent to produce a product mixture of R2SiX2 and R3SiX, wherein each R is independently selected to be an alkyl or aryl group and X is a halogen group, such that the R2SiX2 product is formed with a high degree of selectivity. High selectivity is defined as the mass ratio of R2SiX2 product to the R3SiX product that is formed in the reaction being greater than 7:1.

Abstract: A fluoropolyether-containing polymer-modified silane having a hydroxyl group protected with a carbonyl, sulfonyl or phosphoryl group may be synthesized without forming by-products.

Abstract: A fluoropolyether-containing polymer-modified silane has general formula (1) wherein Rf is a monovalent fluorooxyalkyl or divalent fluorooxyalkylene-containing polymer residue, Y is a divalent to hexavalent hydrocarbon group which may have a silicon atom and/or a siloxane bond, W is a divalent to hexavalent hydrocarbon group which may have a silicon atom and/or a siloxane bond, R is independently an alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or phenyl, X is independently hydroxyl or a hydrolyzable group, the letters n, a and m are respectively integers from 1 to 3, 1 to 5 and 1 to 5, and ? is 1 or 2. A surface treating agent containing this silane and/or a partial (hydrolytic) condensate thereof, when applied to an article, forms a coat of excellent water/oil repellency and abrasion resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the reductive carbonylation of a low molecular weight alcohol to produce the homologous aldehyde and/or alcohol. The process includes conducting the reaction to produce the aldehyde in the presence of a catalyst complex composed of cobalt, an onium cation and iodide in a ratio of 1:2:4 with a phosphine ligand. A ruthenium co-catalyst is used in the production of the homologous alcohol. The reductive carbonylation reaction does not require an additional iodide promoter and produces a crude reductive carbonylation product substantially free of methyl iodide.

Abstract: Provided are a transition metal carbene complex represented by the following general formula (1) and a method of producing the same. (In general formula (1), M represents for example a molybdenum atom, R1 represents for example a C1-C20 alkyl group optionally having a substituent, L1 to L3 each represent a ligand selected for example from a halogen group, R2 and R3 each represent for example a hydrogen atom or a C1-C20 alkyl group optionally having a substituent. A represents for example a nitrogen atom, and R4 to R7 each represent for example a C1-C20 alkyl group optionally having a substituent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing an internal olefin sulfonate, comprising sulfonating an internal olefin into sulfonated internal olefin followed by contacting sulfonated internal olefin with a base containing solution, wherein the molar ratio of internal olefin to solvent for the base is higher than 0.06. Further, the invention relates to an internal olefin sulfonate obtainable by said process.

Abstract: In a process for producing a methyl-substituted biphenyl compound, at least one methyl-substituted cyclohexylbenzene compound of the formula: wherein each of m and n is independently an integer from 1 to 3, is contacted with a dehydrogenation catalyst under conditions effective to produce a dehydrogenation reaction product comprising at least one methyl-substituted biphenyl compound. The dehydrogenation catalyst comprises an element or compound thereof from Group 10 of the Periodic Table of Elements deposited on a refractory support, such as alumina.

Abstract: A molecular species is covalently attached to elemental carbon by exposing the carbon to a reaction mixture containing a strong base and a compound of the formula (I) or (II) in which X denotes a covalently attached atom or group capable of forming an X? anion and each Z is a moiety comprising a plurality of atoms, but which does not have a hydrogen atom directly attached to the atom which itself is directly attached to the —CH2X or —CHX group. The carbon substrate may be graphite or carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: The presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) relates generally to the reduction of carbon dioxide by heterogeneous catalysis. More particularly, but not by way of limitation, the presently disclosed and/or claimed inventive concept(s) relates to the reduction of carbon dioxide by heterogeneous catalysis with a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst comprising structurally frustrated Lewis pairs, wherein, for example but not by way of limitation, formic acid is produced and hydrocarbons are indirectly produced. In one non-limiting embodiment, the heterogeneous catalyst comprises hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) having structurally frustrated Lewis pairs therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing cellulose material, the method comprising introducing cellulose fibers as raw material pulp (1) to a system, adding an alkalizing agent into the system in order to absorb the alkalizing agent into the cellulose fibers (1), adding an anionic agent into the system in order to absorb said agent into the cellulose fibers (1), feeding the cellulose fibers (1) to a sieve plate press (6), performing a reaction between the cellulose fibers and the anionic agent at least partly in the sieve plate press (6) in order to produce anionized cellulose fibers having a degree of substitution between 0.05 and 0.35, wherein the reaction is performed at least partly at a consistency of at least 50%. In addition, the invention relates to a system for manufacturing cellulose material and to fibril cellulose produced from anionized cellulose fibers.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of gamma amino acids of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates and prodrugs thereof, and to intermediates used for their preparation. (formula I) wherein R1 is selected from an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group and a cycloalkyl group, each of which may be optionally substituted and * denotes a chiral center. In particular, the present invention provides an efficient synthesis of (S)-pregabalin which is suitable for carrying out on an industrial scale.

Abstract: Provided are a novel amino-silyl amine compound, a method for preparing the same, and a silicon-containing thin-film using the same, wherein the amino-silyl amine compound has thermal stability and high volatility and is maintained in a liquid state at room temperature and under a pressure where handling is easy to thereby form a silicon-containing thin-film having high purity and excellent physical and electrical properties by various deposition methods.

Abstract: Provided are a transition metal carbene complex represented by the following general formula (1) and a method of producing the same. (In general formula (1), M represents for example a molybdenum atom, R1 represents for example a C1-C20 alkyl group optionally having a substituent, L1 to L3 each represent a ligand selected for example from a halogen group, R2 and R3 each represent for example a hydrogen atom or a C1-C20 alkyl group optionally having a substituent. A represents for example a nitrogen atom, and R4 to R7 each represent for example a C1-C20 alkyl group optionally having a substituent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition comprising cobalt manganese oxide which is modified with silicon in the form of a hydrophilic silica, the catalyst further comprises at least one of lanthanum, phosphorus, Fe, Zr, and Zn, and optionally one or more basic elements selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and transition metal. Furthermore, a method for preparing the catalyst composition and a process for producing aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons using the catalyst composition are provided.