Abstract: The present invention provides nonionic surfactants, compositions incorporating these surfactants, and related methods of making and using such surfactants and compositions. The nonionic surfactants demonstrate excellent equilibrium and dynamic surface tension properties as well as excellent wetting properties. Further, representative embodiments of the surfactants have shown low foaming characteristics, indicating that the surfactants would be suitable in applications where resistance to foaming is desired. The surfactants can be used singly or in combination with other nonionic and/or ionic surfactants as desired. As an over view, the nonionic surfactants of the present invention have a structure in which the surfactant backbone includes one or more amine moieties. At least one, preferably two or more branched, cyclic, fused cyclic, and/or spyro hydrophobic moieties are pendant from at least one of the amine moieties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing an oxime comprising reacting a ketone and hydroxylamine in the presence of a carboxylic acid and/or its salt in a system consisting of an aqueous phase and a hydrophobic solvent phase.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing a succinic acid, which method includes the steps of: providing magnesium succinate; acidifying the magnesium succinate with hydrochloric acid (HCl), thereby obtaining a solution including succinic acid and magnesium chloride (MgCl2); optionally a concentration step, wherein the solution including succinic acid and MgCl2 is concentrated; precipitating succinic acid from the solution including succinic acid and MgCl2, thereby obtaining a succinic acid precipitate and a MgCl2 solution. The addition of HCl to a magnesium salt of succinic acid and subsequent precipitation of succinic acid from the solution leads to a very efficient separation of succinic acid from a magnesium succinate solution.

Abstract: Provided are acetylated cellulose ether and an article including the same. The acetylated cellulose ether has a molecular weight of about 1,000 to about 1,000,000 Daltons, a contact angle of about 20 to about 45 degrees (°), and a tensile strength of about 50 to about 100 MPa.

Abstract: The invention provides a conjugated diene structure-containing organosilicon compound having formula (1): R1nX3-nSi-A-CR2?CR2—CR2?CH2??(1) wherein R1 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group, X is halogen or organoxy, n is 0, 1 or 2, R2 is hydrogen or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and A is a divalent hydrocarbon group. The organosilicon compound is prepared by reacting a conjugated diene structure-bearing olefin compound with a hydrogensilyl-containing compound in the presence of a platinum catalyst and an acid amide compound, organic amine salt compound, nitrile compound, aromatic hydroxy compound, or carboxylic acid compound.

Abstract: An organohalosilane represented by formula I, where R1, R2, and R3 independently, at each occurrence, represent —(CH2)xCH3 where x is an integer from 0 to 5, or a halogen substituent where the halogen is F or Cl, and at least one substituent from R1, R2, and R3 is the halogen substituent; R4 is a C1-C5 alkoxyl or a tertiary amine represented by —NR5R6, where R5 and R6 independently, at each occurrence, represent a same or different C1-C5 alkyl; m is an integer from 1 to 20; and n is an integer from 0 to 5. The organohalosilane is used for preparation of an electrolyte solution of a non-aqueous lithium ion battery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrofluorinating process which comprises reacting a fluoroolefin with hydrogen fluoride in the liquid phase in the presence of a hydrofluorination catalyst in the reaction zone of a reactor, said reactor comprised of a reactor body having a length to diameter ratio of about 2:1 or greater; a stirred reaction zone containing said hydrofluorination catalyst, which may be prepared in situ, at least one inlet for supplying said hydrogen fluoride and fluoroolefin to the reaction zone and at least one outlet for recovering said fluoroalkane, said stirrer disposed in the reaction zone and comprising a plurality of blades fixedly attached to shaft drivable by a motor, said blades extending from about the bottom of the reaction zone to about the top of the reaction zone and said shaft extending on a longitudinal axis from the bottom of the reactor to the top of the reactor, said stirrer being rotated at a speed sufficient to promote a swirling of the liquid to effect the occurrence

Abstract: The invention relates to a separation process whereby 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233xf) is separated from a mixture containing other fluorinated organics and high boiling materials such as dimers using azeotropes of HF formed by adding appropriate amounts to the mixture which facilitate separation by, e.g. distillation.

Abstract: In a reaction in which a boron trifluoride complex is used as a catalyst, the expensive and harmful boron trifluoride complex is separated from a reaction mixture containing the boron trifluoride complex by separating the boron trifluoride complex present in the reaction mixture by using a saturated hydrocarbon-based solvent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for co-producing methanol and ammonia, wherein a syngas mixture consisting essentially of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) is first partially reacted in a methanol once-through reactor, unreacted syngas is divided into a first and a second stream, the first stream is purified and fed to an ammonia synthesis section, and the second stream is fed to a methanol synthesis and purification section. With this process it is possible to produce methanol and ammonia at very high capacities in an integrated single process, applying unit operations not exceeding current practical capacity limitations. For example, the process allows production of 8000 mtpd of methanol and 2000 mtpd of ammonia starting from natural gas and air. The process further shows a balanced production of ammonia and carbon dioxide, thus allowing co-production of urea also to be integrated.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. The method includes processing the acetylene to form a hydrocarbon stream having vinyl chloride. The hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream is be treated to convert acetylene to other hydrocarbon processes. The method according to certain aspects includes controlling the level of carbon monoxide in the hydrocarbon stream to limit downstream side reactions in the downstream processing units.

Abstract: An organosilicon compound having a hydrolyzable silyl group and a catechol group in the molecule is novel. When modified by surface treatment with an adhesive composition comprising the organosilicon compound, various inorganic materials such as glass and metals become tightly adherent to epoxy and other resins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high dose extended-release potassium citrate tablet containing carnauba wax, which contains a first portion of melt- or heat-granulated carnauba wax and potassium citrate; and a second portion of non-granulated potassium citrate. The high dose extended-release potassium citrate tablet of this invention has robust batch-to-batch dissolution and friability; and leads to improved production capacity and reduced production cost.

Abstract: The invention provides electrophilic monohalomethylating reagents, methods for their preparation and methods for preparation of monohalomethylated biologically active compounds using such reagents. Typical monohalomethyl groups transferred are FH2C—, CIH2C— and others. The reagents used for transferal of the groups are described by Formulae A-D: wherein: X=F, Cl, Br, I, sulfonate esters, phosphate esters or another leaving group; R11=tetrafluoroborates, inflates, halogen, perchlorate, sulfates, phosphates or carbonates The other variables are as defined in the claims.

Abstract: The use is described of a conjugate between hyaluronic acid or a derivative thereof and antitumoral drugs for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the topical treatment of hyperproliferative skin diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process of catalytic fluorination in gas phase of product 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane or/and 1,1,2,2,3-pentachloropropane into product 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene in presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: A method for preparing optically active 1-bromo-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]ethane having a high optical purity, which comprises the step of brominating optically active 1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanol by using, as a brominating agent, (a) a combination of a phosphorus halide and hydrogen bromide, (b) a combination of 1,2-dibromo-1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and an organic phosphorous compound represented by the general formula (I): P(R1)(R2)(R3) (in the formula, R1, R2, and R3 independently represent a C6-10 aryl group, a C6-10 aryloxy group, a C1-10 alkyl group, a C1-10 alkoxyl group, a C3-6 cycloalkyl group, or a C3-6 cycloalkoxy group), or (c) a combination of N-bromosuccinimide and a dialkyl sulfide.

Abstract: The preparation of chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as pentachloropropanes, such as 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane, from tetrachloropropanes, such as 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane, in the presence of a polyvalent antimony compound that includes a pentavalent antimony compound, such as antimony pentachloride, is described. Also described are methods for preparing optionally chlorinated alkenes, such as, tetrachloropropenes, from chlorinated alkanes, such as pentachloropropanes, in the presence of ferric chloride and a polyvalent antimony compound that includes a pentavalent antimony compound.

Abstract: A novel process and apparatus is disclosed for performing chemical reactions. Highly compressed gaseous streams such as H2, CO, CO2, H2O, O2, or CH4 are raised to Mach speeds to form supersonic jets incorporating shockwaves. Two or more such jets are physically collided together to form a localized reaction zone where the energy from the shockwaves causes endothermic reactions wherein the chemical bonds of the reactant gases are broken. Between and among reactants molecular surface interaction and molecular surface chemistry take place. In the ensuing exothermic reactions a desired new chemical product is formed and this product is locked into a lower state of enthalpy (state of energy of formation) through adiabatic cooling by means of a free jet expansion.

Abstract: A method is for preparing 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopropyl-1-propanone and an intermediate thereof, where in the method for preparing a compound of formula (I), ?-alkoxy p-chlorobenzyl phosphonate (II) and cyclopropyl methyl ketone are used as raw materials, and subjected to a Homer-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction in an organic solvent in the presence of a base, so as to prepare a derivative of alkoxy propylene with the structure of formula (III); and the resulting derivative of alkoxy propylene (III) is hydrolyzed under acidic conditions to obtain 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopropyl-1-propanone (I).