Abstract: A method of regenerating an acidic catalyst is described. A borane compound is contacted with an acidic catalyst that contains conjunct polymer, which releases the conjunct polymer from the acidic catalyst. The acidic catalyst can then be re-activated with acid. The conjunct polymer can be separated from the borane compound, and the borane compound can be recycled.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula: that inhibiting GPBP activity, making them useful as therapeutics in antibody-mediated disorders, drug-resistant cancer, inflammation, protein misfolding and ER stress-mediated disorders, and aberrant apoptosis.

Abstract: A method for converting farnesol to nerolidol in the presence of alpha-bisabolol including providing or preparing a mixture of alpha-bisabolol, farnesol, and one or more catalysts for selective isomerization of farnesol to nerolidol in the presence of alpha-bisabolol, and converting at least a portion of the farnesol to nerolidol.

Abstract: There is provided a method and an apparatus for efficiently obtaining 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene with low contents of both organic impurities and water. The method for continuously purifying crude 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene containing water and one or more organic impurities, the method including using an apparatus having a distillation column with X stages (3?X, the stage closest to a column top is the first stage) and a unit for cooling and condensing a distillate; supplying the crude 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene to an m-th stage (n+1?m?X, 2?n?X?1) of the distillation column, recirculating at least part of the distillate cooled and condensed in the unit for cooling and condensing to an h-th stage (1?h?n?1) of the distillation column; and taking out a liquid phase part of an n-th stage of the distillation column to obtain a purified product of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of Formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Also, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The present invention further provides methods for treating abdominal aortic aneurysm or atherosclerosis comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A vapor phase process is disclosed for making internal fluorobutenes. The process involves contacting a halobutane starting material selected from the group consisting of CF2HCHClCH2CCl2H, CF2HCHClCH2CCl3, CF3CHClCH2CCl2H, CF3CHClCH2CCl3, CF3CHClCHClCCl2H, CF3CHClCHClCCl3, CF3CCl2CH2CCl2H, CF3CCl2CH2CCl3, CF3CCl2CHClCCl2H, CF3CCl2CHClCCl3, CF3CClFCHClCCl2H, CF3CClFCHClCCl3, CF3CClFCH2CCl2H, CF3CClFCH2CCl3, CF3CClFCHFCCl2H, CF3CClFCHFCCl3, CF3CClHCHFCCl2H and CF3CClHCHFCCl3, with HF in a reaction zone in the presence of a chromium oxyfluoride catalyst to produce a product mixture comprising an internal fluorobutene. Another vapor phase process is disclosed for making internal fluoropentenes.

Abstract: The conversion of diols to mono-alcohols as fuel blendstocks. In one embodiment hydrotreating processes are described that selectively convert glycols to mono-alcohols that can be blended as biofuels. Both NiMo and CoMo catalysts are active for the reaction and reaction conditions can also impact the selectivity of mono-alcohols.

Abstract: A process is described of pyrolyzing at least one perfluorinated hydrocarbon, or a material containing at least one perfluorinated hydrocarbon, in the presence of hydrogen, to yield a reaction mixture containing difluorocarbene.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1243zf), the process comprising contacting a compound of formula CX3CH2CH2X or CX3CH?CH2, with hydrogen fluoride (HF) in the presence of a zinc/chromia catalyst, wherein each X independently is F, Cl, Br or I, provided that in the compound of formula CX3CH?CH2, at least one X is not F.

Abstract: Systems and methods for fabricating syngas mixtures or fuels are disclosed. A system may include parallel processing chambers, each processing chamber configured to produce one component of a syngas mixture. Each chamber may include at least one plasma torch having a source of a working gas. In one embodiment, a first processing chamber may be optimized to produce hydrogen gas, and a second processing chamber may be optimized to produce carbon monoxide gas. The system may include a mixing component configured to mix the hydrogen gas and the carbon monoxide gas. The system may also include a reaction system to receive the hydrogen gas and the carbon monoxide gas and produce a fuel therefrom. The parallel processing chamber system may be used in methods for producing a syngas mixture or a fuel.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of reacting fluoroolefin with an organic magnesium compound in the presence of a catalyst comprising nickel or palladium so as to efficiently produce fluoroolefin, such as TFE, in which a fluorine (F) atom or atoms bonded to the sp2 hybridized carbon atom are substituted with an organic group.

Abstract: A method for increasing the yield of alcohols by a Guerbet reaction in a gas phase and reducing production cost is provided. A method for producing alcohols by a Guerbet reaction, wherein the reaction is performed in a gas phase and at a total pressure of less than 1 atm and preferably from 0.01 to 0.5 atm, using one or more raw material alcohols.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, the process comprising: (1) a first reaction step of reacting hydrogen fluoride with at least one chlorine-containing compound selected from the group consisting of a chloropropane represented by Formula (1): CClX2CHClCH2Cl, wherein each X is the same or different and is CI or F, a chloropropene represented by Formula (2): CClY2CCl?CH2, wherein each Y is the same or different and is CI or F, and a chloropropene represented by Formula (3): CZ2?CClCH2Cl, wherein each Z is the same or different and is CI or F in a gas phase in the absence of a catalyst while heating; and (2) a second reaction step of reacting hydrogen fluoride with a reaction product obtained in the first reaction step in a gas phase in the presence of a fluorination catalyst while heating. According to the process of this invention, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf) can be obtained with high selectivity, and catalyst deterioration can be suppressed.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for treating a subject suffering from a disease of the central nervous system which is associated with an inflammatory response, including, inter alia, multiple sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), meningitis, Alzheimer's disease, pain, HIV-associated dementia, stroke, traumatic brain injury, encephalomyelitis, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, cerebral ischemia-induced injury or any combination thereof. This invention further provides for the use of a conjugate, or composition comprising the same, for treating the subject, wherein the conjugate comprises a lipid or phospholipid moiety bonded to a physiologically acceptable monomer, dimer, oligomer, or polymer.

Abstract: A method for producing methanol from a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon oxides with a high content of inert components includes passing the synthesis gas through a synthesis reactor so as to catalytically convert a part of the carbon oxides to methanol. The methanol is separated from the obtained mixture from the reactor. The mixture liberated from methanol is separated into a cycle stream and a purge stream. The cycle stream is recirculated so as to form a synthesis circle and combined with a fresh gas stream including hydrogen and carbon oxides before being charged into the synthesis reactor. The purge stream is supplied to a secondary reactor so as to catalytically convert a further part of the hydrogen and carbon oxides to methanol. Further methanol is separated the obtained mixture including synthesis gas, inert components and methanol vapor.

Abstract: A method for producing a polyisocyanate includes a purification step of purifying an unpurified polyisocyanate, the purification step including a tar ingredient removal step of removing tar ingredients from an unpurified polyisocyanate, and a distillation step of distilling the unpurified polyisocyanate from which tar ingredients have been removed through a dividing wall distillation column.

Abstract: A method for obtaining silk extract containing lutein according to an embodiment of the invention is described. The lutein extraction method uses a three solvent system for extracting bioactive lutein from silk fibers. The extracted lutein has more than 95% purity in all-E isomer with biological activity being 5 times more effective on lipid peroxidation in retina cells and twice immune stimulation in mice when compared with commercially available lutein.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the coproduction of acetic acid and acetic anhydride by producing in a first carbonylation reactor a carbonylation product mixture containing acetic anhydride, removing the carbonylation mixture from the first carbonylation reactor, contacting the carbonylation mixture with methanol to react with and convert some or all of the acetic anhydride contained in the mixture to acetic acid and methyl acetate, feeding the resulting reaction composition to a second carbonylation reactor and contacting the reaction composition to carbonylation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing one or more undesired (hydro)halocarbon compounds from a (hydro)fluoroalkene, the process comprising contacting a composition comprising the (hydro)fluoroalkene and one or more undesired (hydro)halocarbon compounds with an aluminum-containing absorbent, activated carbon, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A polymer having bis(diphenylphosphino)binaphthyl groups that can be used as a catalyst for an addition reaction, especially an asymmetric 1,4-addition reaction, or a reduction reaction, especially an asymmetric reduction reaction, and that can be easily recovered and recycled. The polymer having the bis(diphenylphosphino)binaphthyl groups is one resulting from repetition of a racemic or optically active 2,2?-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1?-binaphthyl compound substituted at 5-position thereof with an unsaturated terminal of one (meth)acryloyl group of a compound having multiple (meth)acryloyl groups, that another 2,2?-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1?-binaphthyl compound of a next unit is substituted at 5?-position thereof with an unsaturated terminal of another (meth)acryloyl group of the compound having multiple (meth)acryloyl groups so as to have a molecular weight of 1500 to 10000. The reduction catalyst comprises this polymer and a transition metal.