Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of detecting phycocyanin algae or bacteria in water from reflected light, and also includes devices for the measurement, calculation and transmission of data relating to that method.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to the field of homocysteine detection. In particular, the invention provides a method for determining homocysteine presence or concentration in samples, which method comprises: contacting a sample containing or suspected of containing Hcy with a Hcy co-substrate and a Hcy converting enzyme in a Hcy conversion reaction to form a Hcy conversion product and a Hcy co-substrate conversion product; and assessing the Hcy co-substrate conversion product to determine the presence, absence and/or amount of the Hcy in the sample. A kit for assaying homocysteine based on the same principle is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to foodstuff and animal feed which contain resistant starch on the basis of water-insoluble linear ?-1,4-D-glucans. The invention also related to the utilization of resistant starch on the basis of water-insoluble linear ?-1,4-D-glucans as medicaments.

Abstract: A diagnostic test kit for detecting the presence or quantity of an enzyme or enzyme inhibitor is provided. The diagnostic kit utilizes reactive complexes to facilitate the detection of the enzyme or enzyme inhibitor. The reactive complexes include a substrate joined (e.g., covalently bonded, physically adsorbed, etc.) to a reporter and magnetic substance. In one embodiment, for example, a peptide, protein, or glycoprotein substrate is joined to a reporter (e.g., dyed latex particle) and magnetic particle. In this embodiment, the substrate provides a cleavage target for a proteolytic enzyme. Specifically, upon contacting the reactive complexes, the proteolytic enzyme cleaves the substrate and releases the reporter and/or magnetic particle. The signal exhibited by the released reporters may then be used to indicate the presence or quantity of an enzyme or enzyme inhibitor within the test sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antigenic preparations comprising polysaccharides and/or glycopeptides preparable from keratinophilic fungi as well as yeasts, process for the preparation of these antigenic preparations, their use as pharmaceutical substances as well as their use as vaccines, including but not limited to, the prophylaxis and treatment of allergy, as well as for modulating the immune response.

Abstract: A process of preparation of non-bitter high arginine peptide from groundnut, which has an arginine to lysine ratio of at least 5 and a yield of 17–20%.

Abstract: The invention provides a crystalline complex containing T. foetus IMPDH in complex with inosine monophosphate (IMP), the complex specified by disclosed atomic coordinates. Also provided are crystalline complexes of containing T. foetus IMPDH with both inosine monophosphate (IMP) and mycophenolic acid, with both xanthosine monophosphate (XMP) and mycophenolic acid, with both xanthosine monophosphate (XMP) and nicotinic adenine dinucleotide (NAD), with ribovirin (1-?-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide, and with both ribovirin and mycophenolic acid, each complex specified by disclosed atomic coordinates. Also provided by the invention are the atomic coordinates for these complexes. Further provided by the invention are methods for identifying modulations of IMPDH that employ the atomic coordinates of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides bioconversion methods for making epothilone analogs. These analogs differ from the starting material by the addition of one or more hydroxyl groups or by the addition of an epoxide. These compounds, in turn, can be further modified by chemical synthesis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing free polyunsaturated fatty acids and their oxidation metabolites, wherein, successively, the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids and of their oxidation metabolites is stimulated, in a red alga, by the action of an elicitor which is peptide, lipid or saccharide in nature, and then the polyunsaturated fatty acids produced and also their oxidation metabolites are extracted.

Abstract: A method for producing a purified Auricularia auricula Polysaccharide (AP) extract of Auricularia auricula (AA). A hydrated predetermined amount of AA is filtered and extracted, producing a first pre-extract. A plurality of additional hydrated predetermined amounts of AA is separately filtered and extracted to produce a plurality of additional pre-extracts. The pre-extracts are combined to form a first extract. The first extract is concentrated and suspended, forming a precipitate. The precipitate is purified to form a first filtrate, and repurified to form a second filtrate. The first and second filtrates are combined to form a first combined filtrate, which is concentrated, purified and dried to form a concentrated extract. The concentrated extract is purified to form a third filtrate, and repurified to form a fourth filtrate.

Abstract: The ability to efficiently determine the state of enzyme expression in cells has long been desired as material to the diagnosis of disease. This invention relates to cytoenzymology, and more particularly to improved reagents for use in cell-based assays, especially those using fluorogenic substrates.

Abstract: A method for identifying an endocrine disrupter using a cell line having aromatase activity, particularly, a human granulosa-like tumor cell line; and a kit for carrying out the method is disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ionic liquid-coated enzyme, wherein the ionic liquid is an organic salt which presents as a liquid phase at a temperature of about 150° C. or below. The ionic liquid-coated enzyme according to the present invention remarkably improves enzyme functions, such as enantioselectivity and stability, when the enzyme which may be lipase is coated with an ionic liquid. Further, even in the case of when the ionic liquid-coated enzyme is reused, the enantiomeric excess, enantioselectivity, and activity are not degenerated. The coated enzyme is usable as a catalyst for providing a chiral intermediate required in the synthesis of chiral pesticides, medicines, natural chemicals, and so on.

Abstract: Methods for performing an end-point assay of protein disulfide isomerase activity. The method may be based on the enzyme-catalyzed reduction of insulin in the presence of dithiothreitol; measuring the aggregation of reduced insulin chains at 650 nm; and using hydrogen peroxide as a stop reagent.

Abstract: A lactosyl glycoside or an N-acetyllactosaminyl glycoside useful as foods, functional food materials, medicines, and reagents is provided with high yield and inexpensively by using a transfer reaction represented by the following formula in the presence of an enzyme having an activity of cleaving a &bgr;1,4 glucosyl bond: LacA-X+Y→LacA-Y+X, wherein LacA represents lactose or N-acetyllactosaminide; X represents hydrogen (H), a saccharide, a glycoconjugate, or a phenolic compound; and Y represents a compound having an alcoholic hydroxyl group or a phenolic hydroxyl group.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for making complex carbohydrates in a bacterial production cell are disclosed. The complex carbohydrates that can be made include oligosaccharides and polysaccharides of bacterial or mammalian origin.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method which comprises adhering a biological sample to a film, cutting out a target area of the sample, and then peeling off the film to collect the fragment which was cut out, wherein the operability is good and a cutting sharpness in cutting by a laser beam is good. The present invention provides a method for cutting a biological sample by light irradiation, which comprises locating the biological sample and a colored film having a thickness of 3 to 6 &mgr;m onto one side of a support, and irradiating the biological sample with a light beam, thereby cutting out a target area of the biological sample.

Abstract: A process for the enzymatic synthase of sulfate esters is disclosed in which intermediate phosphorylated adenosine compounds are recycled to minimize enzyme inhibition. Exemplary enzymes include ATP sulfurylase, APS kinase and a sulfotransferase.

Abstract: Method for the culture of microorganisms of the genera Helicobacter, Campylobacter and Arcobacter, wherein culture media are employed, which comprise, in place of blood or its derivative, cyclodextrins, methylcellulose or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A reiterative method for obtaining the glycosyltransferases useful for glycosyltransferase-catalyzed synthesis of a saccharide composition by serially bonding preselected saccharide units onto an immobilized acceptor moiety which is one member selected from the group consisting of proteins, glycoproteins, lipids, glycolipids and carbohydrates.