Abstract: A hollow float bulb or shell is secured to a flexible electrical cord and encloses a housing which confines an electrical switch and defines a chamber with an inwardly projecting barrier. A weight member in the form of a metal ball is disposed within the chamber and rolls over the barrier to actuate the switch in response to tilting movement of the shell and housing. In one embodiment, a shuttle in the form of a metal frame is supported within the chamber for sliding movement and carries a switch conductor element. The shuttle frame is impacted by the ball located within the frame when the ball rolls over the barrier, and the frame is restrained by magnets to produce snap actuation of the switch.

Abstract: A pressure switch wherein the interior of a casing is divided by a partition into a fluid chamber fed with a fluid the pressure of which is to be detected, and a working chamber in which a switch mechanism is housed. A rod extends slidably through the partition, provided at its one end with a pressure-receiving portion which is adapted to receive a fluid pressure in the fluid chamber, and projecting at the other end portion thereof into the working chamber so as to change the switching mode of the switch mechanism in accordance with displacement, which occurs due to a fluid pressure applied to the pressure-receiving portion, of the rod to the end thereof which is on the side of the switch mechanism. Springs urge the rod towards the fluid chamber. The fluid chamber is further provided therein with a first spring member the force of which constitutes a part of the desired force of the rod-urging spring.

Abstract: Surge protector components are enclosed within a housing similar in size and shape to that of a "plug-in" circuit breaker. The surge protector enclosure is provided with "stabs" for plugging in to the loadcenter bus, thus connecting the protector line contact solidly to the service conductors. The breaker enclosure is large enough to provide for generously sized surge-protecting components, and the outside case is usually made of phenolic, which can confine the energy of even relatively large surges. Furthermore, the loadside terminal will accept a good sized wire, such as #10 or even #8, which can solidly ground the protective element to the system grounding bus. In most small systems, the loadcenter acts as service equipment, and contains the ground/neutral bus. Instead of the unnecessary breaker handle, there may be a holder for a renewable fuse to limit the follow current after a heavy strike and even a neon lamp to indicate that the surge protective element has been made inoperative by lightning.

Abstract: A key base or carrier permits a user to attach any off-the-shelf integrated circuit chip in dual in-line packages (DIP) thereto to form a switch-like device merely by bending the chip leads around the edges of the carrier. The carrier, with chip attached, is inserted into a housing between the rows of posts of a standard wire wrap socket and is rotated 90.degree. after insertion to wipe the bent chip leads on the socket posts to insure good electrical contact to the posts. The socket portion of the wire wrap socket assembly can then be used to plug in a ribbon cable, fitted with DIP headers (plugs) on each end, to transfer the electrical connections of the chip to the product circuit board. An independent switch, affixed to the wire wrap socket housing and actuated by the chip carrier, after all connections are made, signals the user's circuit that the chip is in place.

Abstract: A molded case circuit breaker includes a solenoid control circuit for controllably energizing a solenoid to actuate a motor operator to automatically move a handle of the circuit breaker to change the operative condition of the circuit breaker. The control circuit includes a monostable multivibrator that supplies an electrical pulse to the solenoid upon the receipt of a switching initiation signal. The time duration of the electrical pulse is controlled to be sufficiently long to assure proper operation of the solenoid and is determined by a timing circuit coupled to the source of operating voltage for the solenoid. If the operating voltage decreases, the time required to charge the timing circuit increases, increasing the duration of the electrical pulse of the solenoid to assure proper operation under low voltage conditions.

Abstract: A pressure switch having mechanical and solid state components enclosed within a common cover. The mechanical components and the cover are secured to a support. The mechanical components include a snap acting switch having terminals connected to an alternating current source and an alternating current motor and a diaphragm that operates the snap switch in response to pressure changes in a fluid system. The cover includes a dividing wall that separates an internal cavity within the cover into two chambers with a rear chamber providing an enclosure for the mechanical components and the front chamber providing an enclosure for the solid state components that include means for detecting the motor current and voltage and a microcomputer. The dividing wall has spaced openings for connectors that provide a separable electric connection between the terminals in the rear chamber and the solid state components in the front chamber.

Abstract: A combination of a control arrangement and a protective shield, the protective shield and methods of making the same are provided, the combination comprising a control arrangement having a housing unit provided with certain external electrical parts and a one-piece protective shield carried by the housing unit and having a section thereof covering the certain external electrical parts. The section of the protective shield is movable relative to the remainder of the shield between a first position thereof that covers the certain external electrical parts and a second position thereof that uncovers the certain external electrical parts.

Abstract: An assembly to reduce propagation of electromagnetic interference from an equipment enclosure via cable conductors passing out of the enclosure including a capacitor connected to each corresponding conductor and to the enclosure. The capacitors are mounted on an insulating substrate to which is fixed a conductive layer. The capacitors, the support plate, and the conductive layer are contained in a housing attached to the equipment enclosure. A second enclosure is provided, received within the housing and is equipped with a pair of clamps to retain the cables connected to the capacitors from both outside of and within the equipment enclosure.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the mounting of two semiconductor components within a single or common housing. When two semiconductor components are always connected according to the same wiring diagram one presents them within a single housing in which their intrinsic connection has already been achieved. When one of the two components is produced from small-sized semiconductor chip the invention proposes replacing this first semiconductor chip by a wholly mounted component. Thereby it allows first of all to verify the integrity of this component and to dispose, furthermore, of an element whose dimensions now allow easy handling. This component is thus utilized in its finished state to replace one of the connections bridges of the electrodes of the second component to a pin of the housing in which this component must be installed. That means that in the manufacturing process of the second component, nothing is changed.

Abstract: A mechanical time delay mechanism is shown which provides a predetermined time delay between the movement of the moving contact blade on a circuit breaker and the activation of a switch. The control circuit design of the circuit breaker provides for tripping at one level when the breaker is in the closed position and at a second lower fault level when the circuit breaker is closing and for a predetermined number of cycles thereafter. The subject time delay mechanism activates a switch to change the tripping level from the second level to the first level at the appropriate time. The mechanism includes a pivot link assembly connected directly to the moving contact arm, a ratchet assembly, and a pivot link connecting the two. The pivot link assembly includes a set of springs to delay the movement of the link with respect to the movement of the pivot link in response to an opposing pull on the link.

Abstract: A power supply includes a housing having a bottom, a partition at the bottom of the housing extended perpendicular to the bottom of the housing as seen in longitudinal direction of the partition subdividing the housing into first and second spaces, electronic modules including switching and control stages exclusively disposed in the first space and at least one other module disposed in the second space, a power transformer fastened to the partition, extended through an opening formed in the partition and having a primary side disposed in the first space in vicinity of the switching stage, and a circuit board spaced from the bottom of the housing having conductor runs forming connecting lines interconnecting the modules.

Abstract: A foot pedal for varying resistance in an electrical circuit having an on-off control is formed having a base member with an actuator foot plate cover pivotally mounted thereto; an array of circular members is positioned in a circular recess between said base member and cover; said array including a pair of electrode discs spaced by a compressible resistance disc; said compressible resistance disc comprising a flexible elastomer with electro-conductive particulate dispersed therein; said array including an actuating plate which has a spherical joint connection with the actuator foot plate cover; an operator's foot pressure compresses the compressible disc to decrease resistance while a spring opens the pedal device when the operator's foot pressure is removed.

Abstract: A pressure switch having a ball valve or contact mounted in an internal chamber to move in response to predetermined relatively high and relatively low fluid pressures in an inlet that opens into the chamber to make or break an electrical circuit through the switch and that incorporates a one-piece sealing element that is constantly exposed to the fluid pressure and is uniquely formed and cooperative with the ball contact and with the walls of the chamber to prevent leakage of the fluid from the chamber effectively without significantly interfering with free unobstructive movement of the ball contact in use.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for minimizing unpredictable sources of noise, or error voltages, at the microvolt level in precision analog components such as operational amplifiers is described. Sources of such error voltages are temperature gradients across the dice of the precision components enclosed in a hermetically sealed package, thermoelectric voltages caused by temperature differences between junctions of leads of the package with other metals, and light reflected from the substrate through the glass seals around the leads in the base of such packages. A skirted heat sink is positioned in thermal contact with the sides of the package which package is mounted on a substrate. The heat sink transfers heat from the heat sink to its ambient environment by radiation and convection to maintain the temperature within the package substantially constant.

Abstract: High frequency noise is decoupled from a bus conductor which supplies power to an integrated circuit by providing a metalized ceramic chip either on top of an integrated circuit or on the back side of a circuit board in direct alignment with an integrated circuit. The ceramic chip is provided with a pair of rectangular leads, connected to respective of the metalized opposite surfaces thereof, which are respectively connected to the power supply leads of the integrated circuit.

Abstract: In this static converter module, which is equipped with thyristors, diodes or power transistors, mounting lugs (4,11) having mounting holes (5,6,12,13) are used for mounting the module on a heat sink. The housing of the module is essentially formed by a frame (1,10) which is open at the top and at the bottom and by a ceramic plate which is inserted into the base part of the frame. For the purpose of fixing the ceramic plate in place, a peripheral indentation (7,15) is provided in the base part of the frame. In order to prevent mechanical stresses in the area of the mounting holes/mounting lugs from being transmitted to the ceramic plate, slits (9) are provided between the frame walls and the mounting holes. As an alternative to this, the peripheral indentation (15) can be provided with steps in such a manner that in the area of the two frame walls provided with the mounting lugs (11) a slot-shaped recess (16) is produced between the ceramic plate and the peripheral indentation (15).

Abstract: Disclosed is a pressure switch which comprises a body, a metal support with a part thereof embedded in the body, the support having an attachment portion outside the body to be attached to an external portion, a fixed contact portion formed on the support and disposed at the inside of the body, diaphragm provided at the inside of the body for receiving a pressure from a pressure source and for being displaced in response to the pressure received, and a movable contact responsive to the displacement of the diaphragm to thereby constitute a switch in cooperation with the fixed contact portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heat pipe heat exchanger for large scale integrated circuits. The heat pipe means is mounted on the substrate which supports the integrated circuit. The heat is conducted by the heat pipe means away from the integrated circuit to a surface area for dissipating heat. A plenum supplies a cooling medium across the surface area of the heat pipe means for removing the heat. An enclosing means for enclosing the surface area of the heat pipe means forms channels across the surface area for receiving the cooling medium supplied from the plenum.

Abstract: A high density packaging arrangement for electronics systems wherein a plurality of circuit board assemblies are provided with electronic components on one side and cooling tubes on the other side. The assemblies are arranged such that the cooling tubes mounted on one board cool the electronic components mounted on an adjacent board. Electronic contact elements are provided on the circuit board surfaces, to allow electrical interconnection of the electronic components mounted on adjacent boards.

Abstract: An improved low liquid level float control apparatus particularly adapted for use in vessels or tanks containing a fluid of the type utilized in liquid vending machines is disclosed. An electronic control unit has a probe section extending downwardly therefrom containing a reed switch, which is activated by the passage of a first magnet located in the lower portion of a float vertically along the probe section. A second magnet is secured along the upper portion of the float. Metal stops are provided along the probe section to determine the range and movement of the float and to effect a time delay, thus reducing the possibility of intermittent on-off operation of associated pump elements.