Abstract: An elongate panel of a flexible sheet material which is not heat-sealable is formed into a succession of bags by advancing the panel in the direction of its length between a rectangular shaping tube and a folding box to form the panel into a tubular structure of rectangular cross section, applying a bead of adhesive material along one longitudinal edge of the panel and bringing the other longitudinal edge thereof against the adhesive to form a longitudinal seam, applying a bead of adhesive material to one narrow side and both wide sides of the tubular structure in the region defining the bottom of each bag to cause this bead to have the form of a U in a plane lying perpendicular to the length of the tubular structure, severing the tubular structure just downstream of each U-shaped bead, and forming the bottom of each bag by first folding in successive narrow sides of the tubular structure adjacent the associated line of severance, to give the wide sides the form of triangular ears each composed of two layers

Abstract: The fabrication method provides a power metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) having high switching speed capabilities. The high switching speed is facilitated by narrow channel length which is defined by the difference in lateral diffusion junctions of the P substrate and N source diffusions. The high current capability is produced by the large channel width. The high voltage capability is caused by the use of FET substrate P diffusions designed to be located apart from one another by very small distances. Unbiased or floating P diffusions are designed to flank the outer peripheries of P substrate diffusions. The close proximity of the adjacent P substrate diffusions reduces the electric field in the curvature portion of the P diffusion junctions in the N.sup.

Abstract: A charge transfer semiconductor device is made of a semiconductor body on one surface of which is formed an insulating layer of SiO.sub.2. A plurality of first series of electrodes of Al are disposed on the SiO.sub.2 layer and oxide regions (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) of the first series of electrodes are disposed on side surfaces of the first series of electrodes, which are formed by oxidizing the side surfaces of the first series of electrodes. A plurality of second series of electrodes is provided, each of which is disposed between a pair of the first series of electrodes so as to be separated from the first series of electrodes by the oxide region. Finally, means are connected to the electrodes for forming spatially defined depletion regions in the surface of the semiconductor body beneath the electrodes and for transferring charges between the depletion regions.

Abstract: A support structure for a cutter bar for use in a forage harvester, the support structure adjustably supporting the opposite ends of the cutter bar and providing a convenient readily adjustable structure for supporting the central portion of the cutter bar to prevent movement of the central portion of the cutter bar relative to the cutting cylinder of the forage harvester and to afford adjustment of the position of the central portion of the cutter bar relative to the blades of the cutting cylinder.

Abstract: A reverberatory furnace which has an external passage for recycling hot exhaust gases from the furnace chamber back to the main burner port, means for introducing additional air or oxygen into the recycling passage, and a main burner which supplies fuel plus up to 50 percent of the air or oxygen required for total combustion into the furnace chamber so that the air or oxygen added to the recycling passage is thereby preheated by the exhaust gases and mixes with the fuel-rich mixture from the burner to provide complete combustion of the exhaust gases while simultaneously reducing the cost of the fuel requirement because of the preheating effect of the exhaust gases on the additional supply of air or oxygen.

Abstract: A substantially planar slab has two opposite edges castellated in such fashion that two such slabs may be interengaged with the slabs in the same plane with the castellations of one edge of one slab interfitting the castellations on the other edge of the other slab. The sides of the castellations are inclined in a direction not normal to the plane of a major face of the slab. Such slabs are useful for lining containers for molten metal, and when forming such a lining all joint faces of the interengaging castellations not lying in vertical planes can be arranged to slope downwardly away from the interior of the molten metal container. The thickness of the slabs, the angle of the castellations, the period of the castellations and the inclination of the slabs can be so chosen relative to the angle of repose of a loose fill of refractory material under the slabs that the loose fill particulate refractory material does not penetrate the joints between adjacent slabs.

Abstract: An electrical equipment unit useful for automobiles. The unit includes a box-like case that contains one or more flexible printed circuits. Part of the flexible printed circuit is rigidized to form part of the structure of the unit. The rigidized part is fitted into the case. Electrical components are supported on the rigidized part of the flexible circuit.

Abstract: Apparatus for conveying an elongated hot-rolled steel rod in off-set form on a conveyor through a series of cooling chambers. Each chamber comprises a stationary lower section and a removable cover section, the interior walls of each being heat reflective. Each chamber is also provided with tubes supported adjacent the interior walls and controlled in temperature by gas passing through said tubes, said gas being cold or hot, the hot gas being supplied from a plurality of separately controlled burners. The tubes differentially control the rate of heat radiation from the rod rings to compensate for the different rates of radiational heat loss emanating from the top and sides of the rod rings so as to cause the rod to cool uniformly. The side walls of the chamber are provided with adjustable apertures for the escape of radiant energy from the sides of the rod rings.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing modified grey iron, and particularly nodular cast iron, is disclosed. The apparatus comprises refractory elements including an inclined flow course for continuous reception of molten grey iron, a V-shaped inclined receptacle interposed in said course into which a predetermined supply of modifying agent, such as magnesium, is injected to react with said iron, and means for controlling the egress of iron from the receptacle in order to sequentially stage the build-up and dissipation of a pool of iron in said receptacle facilitating chemical reactions and thorough mixing for attaining and improving the homogeneity of the modified iron elements. The product and composition uniquely is characterized by about 3.5 carbon, by weight, 2.5% silicon, 0.2-0.9Mn sulfur no greater than 0.015%, the remainder being essentially iron; the composition is devoid of carbide and dross or slag and has a graphite nodule count of at least 400 per square millimeter in a 1/2inch section.

Abstract: A method of avoiding emission of carbon monoxide from the exhaust gases of oxygen converters comprises collecting the gases of the converter in a cooling stack and directing the gases from the cooling stack through a dust collector to a clean gas stack in which they are permitted to flow out through the top and preferably through a burning device for burning them off. To insure that the gases remain burnable an additional fuel gas is fed into the clean gas stack for combining with the other gases and in quantities which are proportional to the content of carbon monoxide and oxygen in the gases which are circulated. An apparatus for carrying out the method includes a connection between a cooling gas stack in which the gases are collected from the converter to a clean gas stack which includes a dust collector and a blower for circulating the gases.

Abstract: A connector assembly to complete electrical connection between packaged electrical components. A connector header and a lead-in header commute by means of internal channels to form paths for an array of contact pins. Each pin is dimpled for self-retention in a channel after insertion. The design of the connector header allows continual access to the pins for individual removal in case of failure. Header design is symmetrical, allowing fabrication of a variety of connector lengths from a single mold.

Abstract: A guide for a cutting torch providing means for effecting circular cutouts in large vessels or large diameter pipe without the need of a lay-out other than fixing a working point and providing multiple adjustments so that cuts may be made of the desired diameter as well as having the desired bevel.

Abstract: A vessel which, when in use, is subject to thermal stress, and which includes a device for introduction of gas through the wall of the vessel, the device comprising a metal sleeve fastened to the outer face of the wall of the vessel in an adjustable and easily exchangeable manner by a combination of screws and spring washers, and a gas-permeable body of fire-resistant material which is mounted adjustably and exchangeably in the metal sleeve under spring pressure. Either a major portion of the gas-permeable body is formed as a frustum of a cone, which has a short cylindrical portion on its end of larger cross section, or the gas-permeable body consists of two cylindrical portions of different cross section. The spring pressure is exerted by at least one dished spring column consisting of a series of pairs of oppositely oriented dished spring washers.

Abstract: High efficiency, low cost solar energy conversation is facilitated by using tubular photovoltaic solar cells situated at the focus of a line-generated paraboloidal reflector. Advantageously each solar cell comprises a pair of concentric glass tubes that are hermetically sealed at the ends. A photovoltaic junction is formed over the entire inside surface of one of the concentric tubes. For example, this may comprise an inner electrically conductive film, contiguous layers of Cu.sub.2 S and CdS forming a heterojunction, and an outer film of optically transparent but electrically conductive material. The conductive films provide electrical connection to the junction via external contacts that are symmetrically disposed at the ends of the tubular cell.In other embodiments the photovoltaic junction is formed in a crystalline silicon layer that is grown in situ on one of the glass tubes. Techniques for promoting oriented semiconductor crystalline growth are disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously stream treating molten metal is disclosed. A controlled vortex flow of the molten metal is stimulated and a stream of particulate treating agent, such as magnesium ferrosilicon, or pure magnesium mixed with other ferro alloys, is directed onto a predetermined zone of the vortical flow. A stream choke is employed downstream of the vortex flow to control dwell time of the flow in the vortex and to regulate downstream mixing. This method increases magnesium recovery, provides flexibility to change charge weights, eliminates residue in treating apparatus, and promotes dissolution of the treating agent within a desired zone.

Abstract: A swivel connector is characterized by an elongated shaft member having an axis extending therethrough and a collar fixed thereon. A moveable sleeve is mounted on the shaft member and is axially moveable from a first to a second axial position relative to the shaft. In the first axial position, the sleeve is rotatable relative to the shaft member. In the second axial position, the sleeve is engaged with the fixed collar and non-rotatable relative to the shaft member.

Abstract: The continuous refining of molten metal is carried out in a refining apparatus having communicating first and second refining stage spaces. Refining gas, such as oxygen, is blown into the molten metal in the presence of a slag layer on the molten metal. The molten metal and the slag are conveyed as two separate non-intermingled streams through the refining stage spaces, as distinguished from a slag-metal emulsion. The slag in the second refining stage space is caused continuously to flow back into the first refining stage space to form a slag layer on the molten metal in the first refining stage space. Refining gas is blown into the molten metal in the first refining stage space below the slag layer, and the molten metal is conveyed from the first refining stage space to the second refining stage space while preventing the flow of slag from the first refining stage space to the second refining stage space.

Abstract: A method of removing encrustations from a metallurgical lance comprising the steps of relatively displacing the lance and a tool with the tool in contact with a layer of encrustation on the lance and applying a repetitive movement to the tool against the layer to dislodge the layer from the lance and permit the layer to fall therefrom by its weight.

Abstract: Apparatus for injecting a predetermined amount of a selected free flowing granular material into a body of molten metal comprising a plurality of supply hoppers for receiving a plurality of supplies of different granular materials to be injected each supply hopper having a control gate on the lower end of its outlet chute for controlling the flow of granular material within the supply hopper outwardly thereof into a receiving hopper which feeds it to an incremental volume forming position.

Abstract: Iron-containing materials are loaded into the top of a shaft furnace to form therein an upright column of the materials. A burner forms a flame above the floor of the furnace to heat the base of the column and thereby melt the materials at the base of the column into a liquefied-iron melt on the floor of the furnace and a layer of slag on the melt. In addition this flame formed by the burner forms a deposit in the furnace on which the column is supported. Slag is continuously withdrawn from the furnace at a location substantially level with the deposit and the melt is withdrawn from the furnace at a location below the layer of slag and is heated as it is withdrawn. This melt is withdrawn through an iron-drain conduit having an outlet end vertically positioned to be horizontally even with the lower surface of the slag and a refining vessel working inductively or by means of an electric arc may be provided in this outlet conduit for the continuous transformation of the liquefied iron into steel.