Abstract: Provided are devices and methods for a rapid, non-perturbative and energy-efficient technique for pH sensing based on a flexible graphene electrode. This technique does not require the application of gate voltage or source-drain bias, and demonstrates fast pH-characterization with precision. The disclosed technology is suitable for in vivo monitoring of tumor-induced pH variation in tissues and detection of pH changes as required in a DNA sequencing system.

Abstract: Methods, electrodes, and sensors for pH sensing using pseudo-graphite are disclosed. In one illustrative embodiment, a method may include coating a pseudo-graphite material onto a surface of an electrode substrate to produce a pseudo-graphite surface. The method may also include exposing the pseudo-graphite surface to a sample to measure a pH of the sample.

Abstract: A nanopore measurement circuit includes a first analog memory configured to store a first electrical value corresponding to a first measurement sample of a nanopore and a second analog memory configured to store a second electrical value corresponding to a second measurement sample of the nanopore. The nanopore measurement circuit also includes a measurement circuitry configured to provide an output indicating a difference between the first electrical value of the first analog memory and the second electrical value of the second analog memory.

Abstract: An integrated chemical sensor device includes a chemical sensor comprising at least one transistor and having an external sensing surface electrically coupled to a node of the at least one transistor. There is an initialization circuit connected to the base of the at least one transistor configured to set an operating point for the at least one transistor. There is a temperature sensor control circuit coupled to the chemical sensor circuit. The temperature sensor includes a temperature sensor, an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter coupled to the temperature sensor, and a proportional-to-absolute-temperature (PTAT) circuit configured to generate a PTAT reference voltage for temperature compensation. The temperature sensor control circuit is configured to compensate for a change in temperature of the at least one transistor.

Abstract: A gas sensor (1) including a sensor element (10) and a separator (90) having an element hole (90 h), as viewed from one of a forward-end or a rear-end side in the axial direction. The separator has end surfaces (90 e) located axially farthest toward the one of the forward-end or the rear-end side, recess regions (90 h), (90 r 1) and (90 r 2) recessed from the end surfaces, and regions R1 and R2. First regions R1 are determined by eliminating a region SB occupied by the sensor element from a region SA defined by imaginary short-side lines and the outer edge of the separator. Second regions R2 are determined by eliminating the region SB from a region SC defined by imaginary long-side lines and the outer edge of the separator. S2/S1?0.5 is satisfied, where S1 is the total area of R1 and R2, and S2 is the total area of the recess regions.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube-based reference electrode and an all-carbon nanotube microelectrode assembly for electrochemical sensing and specialized analytics are disclosed, along with methods of manufacture, and applications including detection of ionic species including heavy metals in municipal and environmental water, monitoring of steel corrosion in steel-reinforced concrete, and analysis of biological fluids.

Abstract: There is provided a chloride selective membrane including an epoxide-based matrix reacted with a stoichiometric amount of an amino compound and an activator such that the epoxide-based matrix comprising a number of quaternary ammonium groups.

Abstract: A method for measuring a glycated protein in a sample, the method comprising (1) a step of allowing a sample in which a degradation product has been generated from a glycated protein by a protease to react with an oxidoreductase in the presence of an electron mediator to generate a reduced electron mediator; and (2) a step of detecting the reaction state in the step (1) by an electrochemical technique using an interdigitated electrode.

Abstract: A method for concentrating electrically charged objects in a non-Newtonian liquid medium comprises: feeding a sample containing electrically charged objects into a channel having a flow axis, a first transverse cross-section orthogonal to the flow axis, and at least one second transverse cross-section orthogonal to the flow axis, one dimension of the second cross-section being less than the corresponding dimension of the first cross-section; and applying a hydrodynamic flow in a direction of the channel together with the application, in the opposite direction, of an electric field in the channel, thus making it possible to move the electrically charged objects in the channel along the flow axis from the first cross-section to the second cross-section, stop the objects, and concentrate the objects in at least one area upstream from the second transverse cross-section.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods of using them are disclosed that position an end of a capillary electrophoresis tube within an internal tapered nozzle region of an inkjet print head or other microfluidic pump. The capillary electrophoresis tube can extend through an inlet of the microfluidic pump and leave space for a sheath liquid to enter the pump and mix with separated analytes eluted from the capillary electrophoresis tube. The small volume of mixed sheath liquid and analyte can then be jetted through the nozzle at a moving surface, either continuously or as discrete droplets. Relative positions on the surface can indicate separation distances of dispensed analytes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining size of biomolecules separated in a medium by an electric field using marker molecules of known size, comprising —(101) detecting a plurality of bands and forming a detected marker sequence and a detected unknown sequence based on a separation criterion, —(102) determining band properties for each detected band, —(103) comparing the band properties of the detected bands of the detected marker sequence with known band properties for a plurality of marker molecules forming a known marker sequence and assigning a score to each comparison, said score being based on at least one of relative distance, relative intensity, expected distance and expected intensity between bands, —(104) selecting the comparison with the highest score and associating all or a subset of the detected bands of the detected marker sequence with said plurality of marker molecules of the known marker sequence in accordance with said comparison to determine size of the all or a subset o

Abstract: Analyte-insensitive materials comprising polymerizable monomers suitable for use in forming a hydrophilic, cross-linked gel comprising on the surface of a substrate for an electrode.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to systems and methods for identifying the concentration of an electrolyte. A method may comprise scanning a diagnostic micro-electrode of an electrochemical sensor using scanning voltammetry at a plurality of electrolyte concentrations; generating a variable set of readings from the first scanning voltammetry scan using a potential difference between a strong hydrogen adsorption peak and an oxide reduction peak and/or oxide formation peak at each of the plurality of electrolyte concentrations; and determining a correlation by plotting the variable set of readings and the plurality of electrolyte concentrations.

Abstract: Use: detecting the presence of small concentrations of target gases.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell that includes a working electrode, which comprises of is made of gold, with gold-coated carbon nanotubes secured thereon via a conductive binder, wherein the electrochemical cell is utilized to detect the presence of bisphenol-A, or to determine a concentration of bisphenol-A in a solution. Various embodiments of the electrochemical cell, a method of producing the electrochemical cell, and a method of using the electrochemical cell for determining a concentration of bisphenol-A in a solution are also provided.

Abstract: An electric transmission mechanism according to one aspect of the present invention may include a tubular ring fixed to a shaft electively connected to an electrode, at least one brush slidably contacting with a circumferential surface of the ring, a bearing including an inner race fixed to the ring, and a housing which is fixed to an outer race of the bearing and accommodates a contact part of the ring and the brush therein.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell that includes a working electrode, which comprises of is made of gold, with gold-coated carbon nanotubes secured thereon via a conductive binder, wherein the electrochemical cell is utilized to detect the presence of bisphenol-A, or to determine a concentration of bisphenol-A in a solution. Various embodiments of the electrochemical cell, a method of producing the electrochemical cell, and a method of using the electrochemical cell for determining a concentration of bisphenol-A in a solution are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for detection and/or identification of analytes including bacteria using dielectrophoresis and electroosmotic traps. Switching between different frequencies of an applied electric field results in movement of the analyte between dielectrophoresis and electroosmotic trapping states. The use of edge-based sensing techniques enables the use of electrodes with a larger form factor than nanowire sensors. Signal modulation based on analyte contact with the electrode edge is also described.

Abstract: A nanopore-based sequencing system includes a plurality of nanopore-based sequencing chips. Each of the nanopore-based sequencing chips comprises a plurality of nanopore sensors. The system comprises at least one flow cell coupled to at least one of the plurality of nanopore-based sequencing chips, wherein the flow cell coupled to the at least one of the plurality of nanopore-based sequencing chips comprises one or more fluidic flow channels that allow a fluid external to the system to flow on top of the nanopore-based sequencing chip and out of the system. The system further comprises a printed circuit board electrically connected to the plurality of nanopore-based sequencing chips.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas sensor and a manufacturing method thereof. A sensor body of the gas sensor is formed by cutting a multi-layered ceramic/metal platform where a plurality of sequential layer structures of a ceramic dielectric material and metal are layered in a layering direction. The sensor body includes at least one layered body wherein a ceramic dielectric material, a first internal electrode, a ceramic dielectric material, and a second internal electrode are sequentially layered. The first internal electrode and the second internal electrode are exposed through a cut surface by cutting. The first internal electrode is electrically connected to a first electrode terminal disposed on a first side of the sensor body, and the second internal electrode is electrically connected to a second electrode terminal disposed on a second side of the sensor body facing the first side.