Abstract: An endotracheal tube stabilizer avoids the pain of repeatedly stripping tape from the face of a patient, which affixes an endotracheal tube in position, and avoids damage caused by continuous pressure on one spot of a patient's mouth and teeth on a bit block by providing a straight mouthpiece with an outwardly projecting, integral fixation flange held in position by strands around the head which are received in holes in the fixation flange. The entire mouthpiece including the fixation flange is longitudinally slit with an opening substantially smaller than the outside circumference of the tube, so that the tube may be compressed for sidewise insertion.

Abstract: The thermal profile at the top of an EFG die is improved by including heat radiation deflectors within the crucible to change the level of radiation heating experienced by at least some portions of the die.

Abstract: Improvement in the method for growing crystalline materials by seed pulling from a melt whereby crystalline product produced is substantially free of voids and/or inclusions which were previously caused by the continuous feeding operation. The improved method comprises feeding the source material through a bed of particulate refractory material whereby entrained gases in the melting feed material are eliminated thereby resulting in a crystalline product which is substantially free of voids and inclusions.

Abstract: In the preferred embodiment, a monocrystalline film of substituted yttrium iron garnet (YIG) deposited on a <111> oriented gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) substrate is formulated so that the temperature variation of the ferromagnetic resonance frequency of the film has an ordinary minimum. For a range of temperature variations about the temperature at which the minimum occurs, therefore, the resonance frequency of the film is relatively insensitive to variations in temperature. This minimum is believed to occur where the temperature variations of the demagnetizing effect and the temperature variations of anisotropy effects more or less counterbalance each other. The counterbalancing effects are brought within range of each other primarily by the substitution of gallium or aluminum for iron and the substitution of lanthanum for yttrium in the substituted YIG. Gallium or aluminum reduces the temperature drift of the saturation magnetization.

Abstract: Apparatus is described for controlling the crystallization of semi-conductor materials involving the use of a shape forming member or die having a passage within which the crystallization interface is located and kept during the growth process. Techniques are disclosed for reducing the angle of contact measured outside the liquid between the melt liquid within the passage and the material forming the wall of the passage. The basic technique involves the formation of a rough surface typically by machining ridges in the surface of the passage. Formulae are derived for determining the maximum elemental spacing between ridges and the minimum depth of the grooves therebetween so that a liquid melt surface is supported wholly by surface tension forces between the ridges.Examples of spacing and depth parameters for various melt/die material combinations are given.Differential elemental spacing from one region of a die surface to another is employed so as to reduce the surface working requirements to the minimum.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for manufacturing high quality crystals whereby crystal growth occurs from a melt or a gas phase and during such growth, the growing crystals are subjected to a gravitational acceleration generating and reinforcing the development of a chronologically constant, highly stationary, convection current within the growing crystal. The apparatus includes a centrifuge means having a crystal growth means mounted thereon, along with means for controlling the centrifuge and for controlling the thermal system associated with the crystal growth means.

Abstract: An improved method of growing ribbon-shaped crystalline bodies is disclosed. The method comprises the step of pulling the body from a melt pool through a very narrow gap as the body cools through a range of temperatures at which significant plastic deformation can occur so as to reduce the amount of buckling the body otherwise experienced due to transverse residual stress. The method in its preferred form utilizes an improved guidance mechanism for use with apparatus for growing ribbon-shaped bodies. The mechanism comprises a pair of heat-conductive plates rigidly positioned with respect to the melt pool.

Abstract: Quick-freezing of food products in liquid or paste form is achieved by mixing the food with an excess of carbon dioxide snow. A finely divided carbon dioxide snow bed is formed in situ by stirring and then there is brought into contact with the resultant bed of carbon dioxide snow particles the food product in a paste or liquid state, divided on contact with the snow, until the granules of the food product are formed. The process can be used in various apparatus and is applicable in the industrial food field and for making of products intended for home consumption.

Abstract: Magnetic garnet compositions grown from a novel flux comprising a mixture of Li.sub.2 MoO.sub.4 and R.sub.2 (MoO.sub.4).sub.3 wherein R represents yttrium or a rare earth element having an atomic number from 62 to 71 have appropriate magnetic properties for use in bubble domain devices. Items produced are uniform in composition and may be of submicron thickness.

Abstract: The palatability of oral ingesta, such as animal food or orally administered animal medicaments is improved by combining such ingesta with yeast from the genera ascomycetous yeasts or asporogenous yeasts. Oral ingesta such as an animal medicament or animal food is combined with either Torulopsis utilis or Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Abstract: A process is described for the recovery of 2-pyrrolidone monomer from polypyrrolidone waste material by heating the latter in the presence of a small amount of strong acid, and distilling off the said monomer.

Abstract: Methods of growing crystals by the Czochralski method are provided in which a member having a central vertical passageway extending through it is floated on the melt, and the crystallization is caused to take place within this passageway. The passageway may be parallel sided or tapering from top to bottom and is such that the melt does not wet the walls of the passageway. Excellent diameter control of the grown crystal is obtainable, and since the member floats on the melt during crystallization, its position follows changes in the level of the melt as the material is pulled from the melt. In one embodiment, the member is porous and fluid is forced through the porous wall of the passageway from a cavity within the member to form a barrier to keep the melt out of contact with the wall of the passageway. In another embodiment, a liquid encapsulant is used, which forms a coating over the whole surface of the floating member including the wall of the passageway.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of pure aluminum chloride hexa hydrate is disclosed, in which the crystallisate mixture from the mother solution (centrifugate) and starting solution (wash solution) is treated first to the coldest of a number of crystallization steps, pumped to the hottest step by retrograde feeding, and in which only from the hottest step is a portion of the mother solution now rich in impurities removed.

Abstract: Fine crystals characterized by improved morphological homogeneity and a narrow size distribution are prepared by introducing a solution of a crystallizable solute in a solvent into a bed of small inert continuously moving solid particles and initiating crystallization within the solution while it is in contact with the moving particles. The process finds application in the manufacture of diverse crystalline products such as, for example, in the formation of metal oxalates, phosphorescent compounds, and silver halide crystals, as well as in the purification of both organic and inorganic materials.

Abstract: A simultaneously compacted, shaped, molded and unitized, self-contained, unit-integral, chew-resistant animal food system product containing animal food and structure-supporting fibers, preferably in a fibrous form, in an amount sufficient to make said product chew-resistant, self-contained and unit-integral and to enable it to be and remain in its compacted, shaped and molded form. The product contains sufficient structure-supporting fibers to yield a chew-resistant product. The structure-supporting fibers are animal safely digestible structure-supporting fibers, such as collagen, animal safely indigestible structure-supporting fibers, such as cellulosic materials, or a mixture of animal safely digestible structure-supporting fibers and animal safely indigestible structure-supporting fibers, such as a mixture of collagen and cellulosic materials.

Abstract: Method for the manufacture of crystals of sodium carbonate monohydrate, comprises crystallizing sodium carbonate monohydrate from a carbonated aqueous liquor of sodium hydroxide above 35.degree. C. and separating the crystals of sodium carbonate monohydrate and a mother liquor. The sodium carbonate monohydrate is crystallized on crystalline seeds of sodium carbonate monohydrate obtained by evaporation, between 35.degree. and 107.5.degree. C., of a solution of sodium carbonate free from sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: Novel process for peeling fruits and vegetables which yields maximum skin removal coupled with minimum loss of flesh. The fruit or vegetable is contacted with an aqueous dispersion of a 3-18 carbon carboxylic acid at elevated temperatures for a time sufficient to loosen the peel, which can then be removed by mechanical action.

Abstract: A process for the calcining of limestone or hydrated lime by thermal treatment thereof with hot gases in a rotary kiln through which the kiln atmosphere and the charge are countercurrently passed, which kiln is fed with solid carbonaceous fuel, is described. The invention resides in introducing an oxygen-containing gas into a horizontal region across the rotary kiln defined by a point along the length of the kiln where ignitable particles of said solid fuel first appear and a second point along the length of said rotary kiln which is spaced from the charging end of said kiln not more than 50% of the length thereof. The oxygen-containing gases are injected through nozzle blocks in said rotary kiln, and oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the free space of said kiln.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for stabilizing and supporting a crystal semiconductor rod during fabrication refining from the action of a seed rod on a float zone melt of a crystalline rod source is provided wherein engageable fingers mounted in a vertically movable tube in axial register with the shaft holding the crystal seed rod are pivotally mounted in a non-horizontal upward position, the finger tips being force loaded for inward movement upon removal of a sleeve carrier so that the fingers engage, support, and stabilize the irregular cylindrical surface of the refined semiconductor rod. The tube and fingers are engageable through sleeve and tube piston means resulting in uniform stabilization and support of the crystal refined rod. The apparatus and method prevent the refined rod from vibrating and oscillating about its axis; thus allowing enlarged dislocation free crystal rod growth from a crystalline rod source, said refined crystal rod being grown on a slender seed rod.

Abstract: A process for the operation of a counter current crystallization column is described in which perforated plates or screens are positioned at spaced intervals. Movable objects such as steel balls or plastic balls are inserted in the column on each of the plates or screens and set into vibration by some kind of distance effect such as vibration of the entire column. The vibrating objects promote the passage of the crystals through the plate in that they have a milling effect on the crystals and are drumming against the plates. When said effect is wanted at the under side of the plates, supporting screens are mounted just below the plates and provided with the movable objects.