Abstract: An interrupt request is asserted in anticipation of a period of latency preceding preparedness of a power meter data processing device to sample a voltage or current enabling the use an interrupt to control the data processing device's performance of real-time sampling in combination with other tasks related to the power meter's operation.

Abstract: Provided are a semiconductor laser diode having a current confining layer and a method of fabricating the same. The semiconductor laser diode includes a substrate, a first material layer deposited on the substrate, an active layer which is deposited on the first material layer and emits a laser beam, and a second material layer which is deposited on the active layer and includes a ridge portion protruding from the active layer and a current confining layer formed by injection of ions into peripheral portions of the ridge portion so as to confine a current injected into the active layer. Therefore, it is possible to fabricate an improved semiconductor laser diode having a low-resonance critical current value that can remove a loss in an optical profile and reduce the profile width of a current injected into the active layer while maintaining the width of the ridge portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electronic ballast, to an illumination device including the electronic ballast and an associated high-pressure discharge lamp, and to a corresponding operating method for a high-pressure discharge lamp, in which resonance excitation is used to generate a voltage-increased power for a transfer phase of the lamp Lp after starting.

Abstract: The laser diode arrays with removable linear laser diode bars and the methods of removing and replacing linear laser diode bars of the present invention provide easy and immediate removal of individual linear laser diode bars in laser diode arrays. The laser diode array is at least partially made of a plurality of removable linear laser diode bars and a plurality of spacers, such that each removable linear laser diode bar is disposed between a respective pair of spacers. A linear laser diode bar may be slideably removed from between the respective pair of spacers in the laser diode array without breaking any mechanical connection between the removable linear laser diode bar and the respective pair of spacers. A replacement linear laser diode bar may then be slideably inserted between the respective pair of spacers without forming a mechanical connection between the replacement linear laser diode bar and the spacers.

Abstract: In order to provide a small size antenna where excellent antenna properties can be stably gained, a frequency adjustment is easy and a simple measurement is possible, according to the present invention, a small size antenna formed of a conductor of at least two adjoining surfaces of a base in rectangular parallelepiped form made of dielectric ceramics is characterized in that: a step is made of a flat portion parallel to one surface of the two adjoining surfaces and an inclining portion located between the one surface and the flat portion, in a corner portion of the two surfaces on which the conductor is formed; the width of the flat portion is 0.08 mm or less; and a border portion between the flat portion and the other surface of the two adjoining surfaces is a curve having a curvature radius R of 0.03 mm to 0.2 mm.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the invention, an array antenna includes a substrate body, a first antenna element, and a second antenna element. The first antenna element is coupled to the substrate body and is operable to transmit or receive a first signal. The second antenna element is coupled to the substrate body and is operable to transmit or receive a second signal. The first antenna element is of a different type than the second antenna element. The direction of polarization of the first signal is different than the direction of polarization of the second signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a slot antenna in which the radiation toward the zenith direction is not obstructed although it is arranged on an upper side of a ground conducting plate. The antenna device 11 operates as the slot antenna by providing a slot 14 in an upper plate portion 13 of a shield case 12. The shield case 12 is provided on a ground conducting plate 20. The slot 14 is composed of a first aperture 15 extending in a straight line, a second aperture 16 communicating with one end of the longitudinal direction of the first aperture 15, and a third aperture 17 communicating with the other end of the longitudinal direction of the aperture 15. The apertures 16 and 17 have the same triangular shapes which are point-symmetrical to the center of the aperture 15.

Abstract: In this semiconductor laser device, a polarization hologram transmits an outgoing beam directed from a semiconductor laser chip to an optical disk as a forward beam without diffracting the beam, and diffracts a backward beam of the laser beam, which is a return beam of the forward beam that has been reflected by the optical disk, so that the backward beam is deflected from a direction directed toward the semiconductor laser chip part and further directed toward first, second photoreception parts. Therefore, optical loss on the forward way from the semiconductor laser chip to the optical disk can be reduced, and return light to the semiconductor laser chip can be suppressed, so that a high-power, high-sensitivity semiconductor laser device can be realized.

Abstract: A controller for controlling a light emitting diode (LED) light engine. The controller includes a temperature sensor configured to sensor temperature at the LED light engine. A current sensor senses a drive current of the LED light engine. A voltage differential sensor senses a voltage differential across LEDs of the LED light engine. A timer monitors a time of operation of the LED light engine. Further, a control device controls the drive current to the LED light engine based on the sensed temperature, the sensed drive current, the sensed voltage differential, and the monitored time of operation. Further, the control device outputs an indication of intensity degradation of an LED, and if the intensity degradation exceeds a predetermined threshold the control can output an indication of such to a user, so that the user can be apprised that the LED needs to be changed.

Abstract: The antenna configuration presented is an integral component of a retrofit module designed to incorporate a data telemetry transceiver within the confines of a utility meter.

Abstract: A method, computer program, and computer network are disclosed for executing database queries. The method includes identifying a first set of conditions corresponding to a selected step for executing a query. A second set of conditions corresponding to one or more steps for executing the query that feed the selected step is identified. Each condition in the first set is checked for mathematical redundancy, including redundancy without equivalency, with regard to the other conditions in the union of the conditions corresponding to the selected step and the conditions in the second set. Each condition in the first set that is redundant is included in a third set. If there is only one condition in the third set, an identifier of the one condition is stored.

Abstract: A method of stabilizing an arc between electrode tips in a high pressure arc discharge lamp is provided comprising initially creating an arc between the pair of electrodes during a start-up phase of the lamp by supplying power to the lamp for a first period. The method then transitions the arc to attach itself between the tips of the electrodes by removing the power supplied to the lamp for a second period and then resupplying power to the lamp after completion of the second period. The first and second periods for respectively initially supplying and removing power are preferably selected based on either an elapsed period of time, the measured operating lamp voltage, or the measured lamp pressure. Once the arc becomes attached to the tips of the electrodes in this manner, the arc will remain stabilized between the electrode tips during operation of the discharge lamp.

Abstract: A laser beam generating apparatus is configured such that a laser beam having a first wavelength obtained by a semiconductor laser containing gallium nitride is led in an external resonator using a nonlinear optical crystal. By allowing the laser beam to pass through the nonlinear optical crystal, an ultraviolet beam having a shorter wavelength is outputted as a laser beam. The wavelength of the ultraviolet beam becomes shorter by keeping the temperature of the nonlinear optical crystal at a low temperature. With this configuration, a laser beam in an ultraviolet region can be efficiently generated with a small apparatus.

Abstract: A radiation generating system for treating a coating on a substrate. A high voltage circuit provides power to a microwave generator that, in turn, supplies microwave radiation to drive a lamp. A current limiting device is connected between the high voltage circuit and the microwave generator, and a fault detector is connected to the high voltage circuit for providing an error signal in response to excess current being supplied to the microwave generator. A control is operative to interrupt a supply of AC power to the high voltage circuit in response to the error signal.

Abstract: An antenna of this invention comprises an antenna element to which power is fed at a feed point; and a ground pattern that is juxtaposed with the antenna element and in which a tapered shape is formed with respect to the feed point of the antenna element. By providing the tapered shape for the ground pattern, it is possible to appropriately adjust the coupling degree with the antenna element, thereby it is possible to widen the bandwidth. Moreover, since the ground pattern and the antenna element are juxtaposed with each other, miniaturization can be achieved. When the antenna element is integrally formed in a dielectric substrate, further miniaturization can be achieved. Furthermore, when a cut-out portion is formed in the antenna element, the characteristic of the antenna in the low frequency range is improved.

Abstract: An adapter for making contact between an antenna structure on a window pane of an automotive vehicle and the antenna signal processing unit which can be positioned at an optional location thereon as plug connectors for flexible leads running to the signal processing window and contact elements which are yieldable and bear against the conductive pads of the antenna structure. The adapter can be mounted at any optional location on the vehicle body.

Abstract: The whole antenna conductor is housed in the interior of a vacuum container of a plasma generator thereby to eliminate the need for an insulating partition or a top plate so that the whole induction field radiated from the antenna can be effectively utilized. Furthermore, the occurrence of abnormal discharge is suppressed to stabilize a high-density plasma by reducing the inductance of the antenna and covering the antenna conductor with an insulator.

Abstract: A reflect antenna element having a receive antenna section and a transmit antenna section. Each section has a cavity, a conductive element in registration with the cavity, and a ground plane conductor having a slot. A strip conductor has portions thereof disposed over the slots and the ground planes conductor. The strip conductor and underlying ground plane conductor form a microstrip transmission line for coupling energy received by the receive antenna section to the transmit antenna section. The transmit antenna section and receive antenna section are configured to operate with orthogonal polarizations. An amplifier is disposed in circuit with the transmission line.

Abstract: This disclosure concerns optical packages such as may be used in optical transceivers and transmitters. In one example, an optical package includes a header assembly having a base portion to which is attached a header structure that is split into first and second portions that are separated from each other by a space. The header structure further includes one or more electrical leads extending through the base portion and into one of the first and second portions of the header structure. An active temperature control device is included in the optical package and resides in the space between the first and second portions of the header structure. Finally, an optical element, such as a laser, is provided that is arranged for thermal communication with the active temperature control device so that operation of the optical element can be controlled by way of the active temperature control device.

Abstract: A power supply circuit comprising a first switching transistor having a control terminal and a control terminal switching threshold and that charges current from a voltage source into a charge storage capacitor, a control circuit controlling the on/off operation of the switching transistor whereby the switching transistor is turned on when the voltage of the voltage source is below a predetermined level and turned off when the voltage of the voltage source is above the predetermined level, a control voltage supply circuit providing a control voltage to the control terminal of the switching transistor substantially in excess of the switching threshold when the voltage of the voltage source is below the predetermined voltage thereby to drive the switching transistor on in a saturated region of operation; and a charge storage capacitor for providing an output voltage of the power supply.