Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, a receiver that operates by: receiving via a first launcher first received guided electromagnetic waves that propagate on an outer surface of a first transmission medium without requiring an electrical return path, wherein the first transmission medium has a first type of a plurality of types of transmission media; converting the received first guided electromagnetic waves to a first signal; launching, via a second launcher and based on the first signal, transmitted second guided electromagnetic waves that propagate on an outer surface of a second transmission medium without requiring an electrical return path, wherein the second transmission medium has a second type of the plurality of types of transmission media that differs from the first type.

Abstract: A software-defined radio system for detecting packets is disclosed, including: a transmitting end configured for assigning a preamble and a postamble to a start position and an end position of a packet of a signal, respectively, before transmitting the signal; and a receiving end configured for detecting if a packet exists in the air or in a channel based on the preamble and the postamble, wherein the receiving end stores the signal in memory when detecting the preamble, and stops storing the signal in the memory and transmits the signal to a computing device when detecting the postamble. A packet detection method for a software-defined radio system is also provided.

Abstract: A method and a device to transmit a reference signal (RS) in a wireless communication system are disclosed. The device transmits control information and a first type RS for demodulating the control information through a control region comprising 1 first OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbol of a subframe; and transmits data through a data region comprising a predetermined number of OFDM symbols following the control region of the subframe. Here, the first type RS can be used also for demodulating the data when a predetermined condition is met.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating a broadcast signal frame including preamble for signaling injection level information. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an injection level controller configured to generate a power reduced enhanced layer signal by reducing a power of an enhanced layer signal; a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and the power reduced enhanced layer signal; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling injection level information corresponding to the injection level controller.

Abstract: Precoding matrix computations for a large number of antenna arrays can be used to generate efficiencies within a wireless network. Utilizing network topology and context data in conjunction with known available network resources and mobile device measurements can facilitate gains in power and spectral efficiency and reduction in computation complexity posed by current procedures. To take advantage of multiple paths, the precoding matrix can be known at the radio units for each mobile device.

Abstract: Provided are a preamble symbol generation method and receiving method, and a relevant frequency-domain symbol generation method and relevant device. The generated preamble symbol contains: a time-domain symbol with a first three-segment structure; or a time-domain symbol with a second three-segment structure; or a free combination of several time-domain symbols with the first three-segment structure and/or several time-domain symbols with the second three-segment structure arranged in any order.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to electrical circuits. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention provide a charge pump, which can be utilized as a part of a clock data recovery device. Early and late signals are used as differential switching voltage signals in the charge pump. The first switch and a second switch are used for controlling the direction of the current flowing into the loop filter. Input differential voltages to the switches are being generated with an opamp negative feedback loop. The output voltage of the first switch and the second switch is used in conjunction with a resistor to generate a charge pump current. There are other embodiments as well.

Abstract: An example method determines an error vector magnitude using automatic test equipment (ATE). The method includes demodulating data received at a first receiver to produce first symbol error vectors, where each first symbol error vector represents a difference between a predefined point on a constellation diagram and a first measured point on the constellation diagram generated based on at least part of the data received by the first receiver; demodulating the data received at a second receiver to produce second symbol error vectors, where each second symbol error vector represents a difference between the predefined point on the constellation diagram and a second measured point on the constellation diagram generated based on at least part of the data received by the second receiver; and determining the error vector magnitude for the data based on the first symbol error vectors and the second symbol error vectors.

Abstract: The method: extracts symbols at pilot positions from the received stream of symbols, estimates noise variances at pilot positions, determines a rough channel estimation from the symbols extracted at pilot positions, determines weighting coefficients from the estimated noise variances, weights the rough channel estimation by the determined weighting coefficients, filters the weighted rough channel estimation using predetermined coefficients, at least one predetermined coefficient being different from the other predetermined coefficients, the predetermined coefficients being determined for a constant noise variance, determines normalization coefficients from the determined weighting coefficients and predetermined filter coefficients, normalizes the filtered weighted rough channel estimation using the determined normalization coefficients.

Abstract: A Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) detector for decoding a GFSK signal. The detector includes: a multi-symbol detector and a Viterbi decoder. The multi-symbol detector is configured to: receive a series of samples representing a received GFSK modulated signal; and generate, for each set of samples representing an N-symbol sequence of the GFSK modulated signal, a plurality of soft decision values that indicate the probability that the N-symbol sequence is each possible N-symbol pattern, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to two. The Viterbi decoder is configured to estimate each N-symbol sequence using a Viterbi decoding algorithm wherein the soft decision values for the N-symbol sequence are used as branch metrics in the Viterbi decoding algorithm.

Abstract: The present technology relates to a data processing apparatus and a data processing method that enable correct clock synchronization by use of clock information. The data processing apparatus receives a digital broadcast signal so as to process content included in the digital broadcast signal and clock information also included therein for use in presentation synchronization on the content and sends via a transmission path the processed content and clock information to another data processing apparatus that presents the received content. On the other hand, the another data processing apparatus receives via the transmission path the content and clock information sent from the data processing apparatus so as to process presentation synchronization on the received content on the basis of the received clock information. The present technology is applicable to data processing apparatuses configured to process content, for example.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer-readable medium are provided that enable a base station to stop a beam refinement procedure prior to a completion of the beam refinement procedure. A UE receives a signal over a plurality of beams from a base station and transmits an indication to the base station in a beam refinement procedure during a hierarchical beamforming process. The indication may comprise at least one of a beam switching capability of the UE, mobility information for the UE, Doppler estimate information for the UE, or a plurality of training signals on a selected beam.

Abstract: A gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) detector comprising a multi-symbol detector; at least three Viterbi decoders, and a timing adjustment module. The multi-symbol detector receives a series of samples representing a received GFSK modulated signal which comprises at least three samples per symbol; and generates, for each set of samples representing an N-symbol sequence of the GFSK modulated signal, at least three sets of soft decisions values, each set of soft decision values indicating the probability that the N-symbol sequence of samples is each possible N-symbol pattern based on a different one of the at least three samples of a symbol being a centre sample of the symbol. Each Viterbi decoder generates, for each N-symbol sequence, a path metric for each possible N-symbol pattern from a different set of soft decision values according to a Viterbi decoding algorithm.

Abstract: A variable gain amplifier includes a pair of amplification and recentering branches. Each branch includes: a resistive element of variable resistance configured to be driven by a variable gain controller; a digitally-driven variable current source configured to be driven by a compensation current driver unit; a first transistor comprising a gate terminal coupled to an input terminal of the variable gain amplifier, and a source terminal coupled to a first terminal of the resistive element; and a second transistor comprising a gate terminal coupled to a drain terminal of the first transistor, and a source terminal coupled to an output terminal of the variable gain amplifier.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for communication between in each case at least two communication terminal devices that are connected to a respective one of at least two coupled communication lines in which a communication protocol is utilized for communication over the respective one of the communication lines and the communication protocol controls transmitting and receiving of communication signals of the respective ones of the at least two communication terminal devices, for which purpose signal carriers are utilized.

Abstract: Embodiments herein provides a method and system for beam steering in a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system. The method comprising determining a precoder matrix based on at least one of an inter-antenna element spacing controlled based on a selection of a number of antenna elements at the transmitter and a location of at least one receiver; and steering a transmit beam using the precoder matrix towards the at least one receiver. Yet another embodiments proposes the method and system for steering the at least one optimal receive beam or optimal sub-receive beam towards the at least one transmitter based on at least one of a Channel Quality Indication (CQI), a Channel State Information (CSI), and a location.

Abstract: A method selects frequency channels in a communication system using a frequency hopping method, in which data are transmitted between a transmitter and a receiver. The data are transmitted as data packets having a plurality of bits in a frequency/time block. A respective data packet is coded before transmission by the transmitter and is decoded after reception by the receiver. The transmission quality of the frequency channels is evaluated and, a decision is made for a selection of the frequency channel which is used for the transmission of the data. A likelihood ratio for the likelihood of a successful transmission is determined before the decoding by the receiver, the likelihood ratio is used as a metric for determining the interference state of the respective data packet, and the transmission quality of the respective frequency channel is evaluated on the basis of the interference state of the data packet.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog conversion system is provided. The digital-to-analog conversion system includes a digital-to-analog converter configured to receive a pre-distorted digital signal from a digital circuit, and to generate an analog signal based on the pre-distorted digital signal. Further, the digital-to-analog conversion system includes a feedback loop for providing a digital feedback signal to the digital circuit. The feedback loop includes an analog-to-digital converter configured to generate the digital feedback signal based on the analog signal, and wherein a sample rate of the analog-to-digital converter is lower than a sample rate of the digital-to-analog converter.

Abstract: A first apparatus may communicate with a user equipment through a first active beam. The first apparatus may determine that beam tracking is to be performed with the UE, including identifying a new beam for communication between the UE and the apparatus. The first apparatus may perform beam tracking with the UE based on the determination that beam tracking is to be performed. The first apparatus may communicate with the UE through a second active beam based on the beam tracking.

Abstract: Embodiments of the application provide a method for rate matching in a wireless communication network. A device obtains K information bits and a target code length M of a polar code, determines, according to a minimum value of a set of values, a mother code length N1, polar encodes the K information bits to obtain an encoded sequence of N1 bits, obtains a target sequence of M bits from the N1 bit encoded sequence, and outputs the M-bit target sequence. When the mother code length N1 is larger than the target code length M, (N1?M) bits of the encoded sequence are punctured or shortened from the N1 bit encoded sequence.