Abstract: A surface alloy is formed upon a solid alloy substrate by implanting ions to a heated solid substrate. By this method, for example, an Ti binary surface alloy may be formed upon a carbon steel. Also, this process allows solid-state gettering of selected minority solutes in alloys.

Abstract: An apparatus for curing coatings on objects such as beverage cans in a single one step operation by moving the cans along a path with a magnetic conveyor which traverses a predetermined angle so that face portions of the can which are substantially aligned with the direction of travel are irradiated with substantially direct radiation. This radiation also cures the inside portions of the can as the can passes through the predetermined angle. Side portions of the can which face substantially transversely to the direction of motion of the cans are irradiated by separate side radiation curing devices.

Abstract: A process for forming a pattern on the interior side of a face plate of a color picture tube by using a photosensitive composition comprising p-diazo-N,N-dimethylaniline chloride-zinc chloride double salt and a p-diazo-bromophenol chloride-zinc chloride double salt and conducting imagewise exposure of coated film of the photosensitive composition to light and contacting with powder particles at least one time gives higher sensitivity compared with a conventional process.

Abstract: A system and methods for very high rate deposition and etching using a separate, substantially enclosed plasma generation chamber within a conventional semiconductor-processing vacuum chamber. A pressure differential is established between the chambers and a low frequency, high flux density, highly dissociated plasma is generated within the smaller internal chamber and projected by the pressure differential to a selected region of the processing chamber. The gas composition, flow rates, power and pressure are readily tailored to the particular etching or deposition process. In addition, the small internal chamber can be rotated and translated to expand the area of coverage. Etch rates of up to 60,000 angstroms per minute and useful quality dielectric film deposition rates of up to approximately 6,000 angstroms per minute have been achieved to date.

Abstract: Pinhole-free thin films deposited by glow discharge or plasma polymerization of organosilanes, organosilazones and organosiloxanes for use as reactive ion etch oxygen barriers in multilayer resist structures, of lift-off masks, for fabrication of semiconductor devices, such as integrated circuits. The process includes deposition of thin plasma polymerized organosilicon barrier film over a radiation insensitive polymeric base layer previously coated on a substrate, followed by thermal annealing of the plasma polymerized barrier layer, over which is then coated a radiation sensitive resist layer. After definition of the desired resist pattern by imagewise exposure and development, the image is etch transferred into the barrier layer by reactive sputter etching in a fluorine containing ambient, and subsequently transferred into the base layer, down to the substrate, in an oxygen plasma, during which time the plasma deposited film functions as an oxygen barrier.

Abstract: A method for the direct stepwise coating of a solid substrate with a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant to provide a multilayer assembly of a plurality of oriented monolayers of polymerized surfactant on a surface of the solid substrate comprising depositing and polymerizing sequential layers of polymerizable surfactant on the substrate from a polymerization system comprising:(a) a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant in an aqueous or other polar solvent system; and(b) a polyfunctional polymerizable surfactant in a non-polar organic solvent systemand wherein the sequential coatings are alternately effected from the (a) and (b) polymerization systems and the polymerizable surfactant utilized is the same or different for each sequential coating,and multilayered surfactant coated solid substrate products produced by this method.

Abstract: Gold, silver or palladium can be deposited by photoredox reaction on semiconductor oxide powders by irradiating a suspension of semiconductor oxide powder in the presence of oxygen, CO.sub.2 or mixtures thereof, of an oxidizable system which protects the semiconductor from photocorrosion, and of a salt or complex of copper, lead, mercury, tin, gold, silver or palladium.

Abstract: Polymeric substrates, especially the polycarbonates, are coated with a photocurable coating mixture containing polyfunctional acrylates, acrylonitriles, and a photoiniator to produce scratch- and mar-resistant polymeric articles.

Abstract: Image display including a viewing screen comprising spaced elemental image areas and a light-absorbing matrix of crystalline zinc-iron sulfide particles adjacent to these areas. The display may be made by producing a layer which is tacky in substantially the pattern of the desired matrix, and then contacting crystalline zinc-iron sulfide particles with the tacky pattern, whereby particles adhere to the tacky pattern, thereby producing the desired matrix.

Abstract: A multilayered composite product including a base, a patterned cured resin bonded to the base and an applied metal layer selectively bonded to the patterned cured resin. The product is useful as an electrical circuit.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a ceramic circuit board, wherein at least dielectric ceramics and a conductor paste of base metal are co-fired, comprising the steps of preparing the conductor paste containing an organic material which is thermally decomposed at a temperature higher than a decomposition point of an organic binder contained in the dielectric ceramics, and forming a circuit pattern of the conductor paste containing the organic material. Alternatively, the process comprises the steps of forming the circuit pattern of the conductor paste and covering the formed circuit pattern with the organic material. The process further comprises the steps of thermally decomposing the organic binder in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature lower than the decomposition point of the organic material, and thermally decomposing the organic material in an atmosphere having a partial oxygen pressure lower than that of the oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: A tintable abrasion-resistant coating is formed on a substrate such as a lens or other optical article by applying a radiation-curable coating to the surface of the substrate and partially curing the applied coating by exposure to radiation so as to produce from about 20% to about 80% cross-linking in the coating. The exposure to radiation is terminated when the coating is partially cured to provide a coated article which is tintable but capable of being handled for shipping to a retail finisher or the like for tinting and then completion of the cure by exposure to radiation. Preferably, a radiation-curable coating comprising a triacrylate or tetracrylate monomer and a monomer containing an N-vinyl imido group is applied to a substrate comprising polycarbonate, polyallyldiglycolcarbonate, or acrylic polymer.

Abstract: A method for preparing a magnetic recording medium is disclosed. The method includes providing a support base and a particular coating composition for the base. The composition is comprised of a ferromagnetic powder, a binder containing a compound capable of being polymerized with electron beam irradiation, and a solvent. The composition has apparent viscosity of about 1 to 150 centipoise at a shearing speed of 4000 sec.sup.-1. After coating the composition on the support base, the coated layer is subjected to magnetic orientation. During orientation or shortly thereafter the coated layer is subjected to electrom beam irradiation and then dried in order to evaporate the solvent. The magnetic recording medium prepared has excellent dispersibility of the ferromagnetic fine powder within the binder, which further provides a smooth surface and excellent electrical properties as well as anti-abrasion properties.

Abstract: Metal from strip feedstock 3 is arc-deposited onto a substrate 1, being propelled when molten by a gas curtain from a slit 13. The feedstock 3 is melted in regular fashion by an arc 11 struck between it and a helical non-consumable electrode 9 rotated on its axis, which is parallel to the leading edge of the feedstock 3. As the electrode 9 rotates, the arc 11 must move along the helix to keep its shortest path, and hence is constrained to traverse the full width of the feedstock 3 repetitiously.

Abstract: A low temperature photochemical vapor deposition process for the deposition of a layer of a chosen polymer on the surface of a substrate. The polymer comprises repeating hydrocarbon units linked through oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur atoms and is formed by reacting a vapor phase monomer precursor containing the hydrocarbon units and a vapor phase precursor containing the oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur under radiation inducement. The low temperature of the process avoids thermal damage to the substrate. Specifically disclosed polymers are polyphenylether and polyxyleneamine, which are useful, respectively, as insulator or passivation layers in semiconductor devices and circuits, and as adhesives.

Abstract: A process for depositing on the surface of a substrate a layer of a chosen material having continuous gradations in refractive index in a predetermined periodic pattern. The substrate is exposed to two vapor phase reactants which react upon radiation-inducement to produce the chosen material, and the relative proportion of the reactants is varied in a predetermined and continuous sequence to produce continuous gradations in the stoichiometric composition and refractive index of the deposited layer as a function of thickness. Additionally, predetermined changes in refractive index and/or thickness across the horizontal surface of the substrate may be produced in combination with the change in refractive index as a function of thickness. Diffraction optical elements formed by such a process include various optical filters and reflective optical coatings.

Abstract: A method of metallizing through holes in dielectric substrates with a metallizing material comprising forming a hole in the substrate utilizing laser techniques, depositing a layer of a dielectric on the side wall of the hole and then depositing a layer of a metallizing material onto the dielectric layer.

Abstract: An ophthalmic lens and a method for providing a thin coating thereon is disclosed. The coatings render the surfaces of the devices resistant to abrasion and have an SEB abrasion resistance of at least 20 psi. They are optically clear, aberration-free, and provide essentially exactly an optical surface having the desired surface configuration. The coating compositions employed contain reactive ethylenically unsaturated groups and are applied to a mold face and partially reacted. The coated mold is then used to cast the ophthalmic device.

Abstract: A radiation curable coating media can be cured without using a laminating material prepared otherwise by running a continuous belt-like supporter so as to contact a back side of a portion of the substrate with a front side of a portion of the substrate coated with a coating media to form a laminated portion, wherein curing of the coating media is conducted by irradiation with a radiation in the absence of oxygen.

Abstract: A method for depositing a micron-size metallic film on a transparent substrate by thermal deposition employing a focused visible laser. The method includes the step of positioning the substrate in a gas cell containing a metal bearing gaseous compound. A nucleation layer is formed on a surface of the substrate by either shining an ultraviolet light on the substrate surface or by heating the substrate to a temperature which is less than the temperature at which the molecules of the gaseous compound decompose. Next, a laser which may be visible or near infrared is focused onto the substrate to provide localized heating of the area of the substrate to which the beam is incident. Molecules of the gaseous compound thermally decompose on the heated area to deposit a metal film thereon.