Abstract: This invention relates to counter-current diffusion methods for depositing metals as interlayers within films.

Abstract: A system and method of pulsed-laser microfabrication wherein a first substrate of transparent material, such as glass, has one or more target materials positioned on a surface, preferably a flat surface, of the substrate. These target materials include a thin film of electrically conductive material--i.e., a conductor or semiconductor--immediately adjacent to the substrate surface. Pulsed laser energy is directed through the transparent substrate onto the conductive film at a sufficient intensity and for a sufficient duration to rapidly vaporize the metal film. The target materials are driven by film vaporization energy and by the reaction thereof against the glass substrate onto the opposing or object surface of a second substrate.

Abstract: An improved method of forming three-dimensional objects comprises irradiating an uncured photopolymer by transmitting an effective amount of photopolymer solidifying radiation through a radiation transmittent material which is in contact with the uncured photopolymer. The transmittent material is a material which leaves the irradiated surface capable of further cross-linking so that when a subsequent layer is formed it will adhere thereto. Using this method multilayer objects can be made.

Abstract: The present invention provides radiation-curable ink compositions comprising pigment and a photohardenable composition; the photohardenable composition comprises a free radical addition polymerizable or crosslinkable compound and an ionic dye-reactive counter ion compound which is capable of absorbing actinic radiation and producing free radicals which initiate free radical polymerization or crosslinking of the polymerizable or crosslinkable compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a functionally grant material whose components and structure are continuously adjusted by the coating, plating and powder metallurgy techniques to change its function in turn and provide a method of producing a functionally gradient material superior in heat-resistance, corrosion-resistance and resistance to thermal fatigue by distributing a third component having a lower Young's modulus or formed of high-strength material sufficiently durable to the fracture strength among ceramics as a first component and metals or other ceramics as a second component to change the function.

Abstract: By incorporating hydrophobic silica into acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, the shear strength at elevated temperatures is significantly improved, and adhesion and physical properties are maintained or improved. The hydrophobic silica preferably has a surface area from 50 to 400 m.sup.2 /g. A preferred acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer comprises a copolymer of (a) at least one alkyl acrylate having an average of 4-12 carbon atoms in its alkyl group and (b) from 3 to 20% by weight of copolymerizable monomer having a polar group such as acrylic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to visible-laser deposition reactions of metal containing oxyhalide and carbonyl vapors, such as, chromyl chloride vapor, CrO.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, or cobalt carbonyl, Co.sub.2 (CO).sub.8, for direct writing of metal containing opaque patterns on various substrates (S.sub.i, S.sub.i O.sub.2, GaAs and glass). Deposition at low laser power is by photolyses of adsorbed reactant molecules. Higher powers initiate deposition photochemically and continue it with a combined photolytic/pyrolytic reaction, simultaneously inducing a solid-phase conversion of the deposited film. Mixed Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 /CrO.sub.2 or cobalt thin films of 1-nanometer to several-micrometer thickness, as well as 1-millimeter-long single crystals of Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 or cobalt, can be grown with this process, the former at rates up to 3 /.mu.m/s. Thin chromium oxide films produced in this manner are strongly ferromagnetic.

Abstract: In the process of chemical plating on a formed article composed of a polyarylene sulfide or a composition comprising a polyarylene sulfide as the predominant resin component, a method for selective chemical plating is provided, which comprises irradiating a portion not to be plated of the formed article with light of a wavelength of 0.1 nm to 800 nm and then subjecting the formed article to chemical plating.

Abstract: An improved method for producing endosseous implants by thermally spraying a ceramic material onto the surface of a metallic titanium core material which is previously subjected to a surface oxidation treatment, which can yield implants which have excellent characteristics of both of the metallic material and ceramic material and do not dissolve out harmful metal ions. The endosseous implants are useful for implantation in various bones including tooth roots and joints in living bodies.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of coating the metal side of a mirror by applying to a reflective layer of metal adhered to a transparent glass sheet one or more adherent protective layers wherein the outermost protective layer is a cured coating formed from a liquid coating composition which is curable by exposure to ultraviolet light (UV). The UV curable liquid coating composition has a high degree of resistance to shrinkage upon curing.

Abstract: Field emission spraying of liquified metals is obtained using an electrically heated face plate in contact with the metal to be sprayed with nozzles formed in the face plate. The face plate is wettable by, but insoluble in, the metal to be sprayed and is maintained at a temperature in excess of the melting point of the metal to be sprayed by passing an electric current therethrough.

Abstract: An improved method of fabricating the thin film layers of an electrostatic image producing device utilizing microwave energy by operating at substantially the minimum of the pressure-power curve for the particular geometry of reaction vessel and composition of reaction gases being utilized.

Abstract: This invention relates to the application of plasma sprayed coatings to the surface of components which have small holes therein, such as hollow, air cooled blades or vanes used in turbine engines. Coating material is prevented from depositing on the wall surface of the holes by the presence of fugitive plugs in the holes during the coating process. The plugs are removed after the coating has been applied, resulting in the holes being open and unobstructed.

Abstract: According to the process, there is applied to one face of a relatively rigid isolating support (1) a first matrix arrangement of areas (3) connected by conductor tracks of lines (4). Said arrangement is coated with a thin layer of isolating lacquer (5) and a second matrix arrangement of areas (6) is set in place on the lacquer layer with their conductor tracks of columns (7) to obtain, by bringing together an armature towards each stud comprised of two areas (3, 6), a capacitive connection.

Abstract: An aqueous ink recording sheet is described which is prepared by coating on the surface of a substrate sheet a resin composition containing as the chief ingredient a mixture comprising (A) 10 to 90 wt % of photo polymerizable, double bonded anionic synthetic resin, and (B) 90 to 0 wt % of partially or completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol, or partially or completely saponified polymer resin composed of 20 to 100 wt % of vinyl acetate and 80 to 0 wt % of other polymerizable monomer or derivatives thereof, and/or (C) 90 to 0 wt % of homopolymer resin of N-vinylpyrrolidone or copolymer resin of other polymerizable monomer therewith, with the weight ratio of (A)/[(B)+(C)] being 90/10 to 10/90, drying the coated resin composition, and then curing the resin composition by the irradiation with actinic rays so as to form a resin coating layer on the substrate.

Abstract: A greatly improved printing screen used for screen printing is provided in respect of the durability in printing, resistance against solvents and antistatic performance based on a mesh of polyester or nylon filaments. According to the invention, the base mesh is subjected to exposure to low temperature plasma of an inorganic gas prior to coating with a photosensitive resin composition in the form of an aqueous emulsion. When the plasma-treated mesh is coated, prior to coating with the photosensitive resin emulsion, with a surface active agent or when the photosensitive resin emulsion is admixed with a surface active agent, further improvement can be obtained in the antistatic performance of the screen. When a base screen dyed in yellow is used, the drawbacks caused by halation in the pattern-wise exposure of the screen to light can be greatly reduced.

Abstract: A single torch-type plasma spray coating method wherein a gas flow in a nozzle of a plasma torch is made to be a laminer flow, thereby the plasma flame jetted from the end of the plasma torch is modified to be a laminer flow flame, the plasma is separated from the plasma flame which contains liquid droplets of molten spray coating material and runs toward an object to be worked by means for separating plasma arranged immediately before said object to be worked, and remaining droplets of molten spray coating material impinges on said object to form a coating film thereon, and an apparatus therefor.

Abstract: Thermal sources of Te and of Hg are provided in a vacuum chamber to furnish constant effusion of Te and Hg. Laser radiation is used to evaporate a beam of CdTe from a target of CdTe in the chamber. The laser radiation is modulated to vary the beam intensity of CdTe and thereby deposit a controlled compositional profile of Hg.sub.(1-x) Cd.sub.x Te on a substrate located in the chamber.

Abstract: A method of depositing a substantially hydrogen free or controlled hydrogen content multi-element alloy film on a substrate. The method utilizes a microwave excited plasma of a hydrogen free precursor gas to deposit a hard, adherent coating. The method comprises providing a substrate to be coated in a vacuum deposition chamber, with a source of microwave energy coupled to the vacuum deposition chamber. A substantially hydrogen free reaction gas precursor composition is introduced into the reaction chamber at a pressure corresponding substantially to a pressure minimum of the modified Paschen curve for the reaction gas precursor composition. Activation of the source of microwave energy excites the reaction gas precursor composition, in this way forming a plasma in the vacuum deposition chamber to deposit a substantially hydrogen free or controlled hydrogen content multi-element alloy film on the substrate.

Abstract: An improved method for depositing material on substrate is shown. The material to be deposited is energized by irradiation with light in a chamber in which CVD method is carried out. The energy induced by the irradiation remains in the molecules of the material even after the molecules have lain on the substrate. With the residual energy, the molecules can wander on the substrate even to a hidden surface. Due to this wandering, the deposition can be performed also on the inside of a deep cave.