Abstract: The specification describes a solid state microwave power combiner wherein a plurality of solid state power generating devices are mounted between adjacent conical support and housing structures. These structures define the microwave electrical circuits for these devices, and also as provide a waveguiding region for propagating energy from these devices to a common output line. Both the support and housing structures have their apexes integrally joined, respectively, to input and output conductors of a common output coaxial line used for coupling power out of the combiner. This novel geometrical configuration minimizes the electrical distance between the power generating devices and the coaxial output line, maximizes the packing density of the structure and optimizes the electrical performance of RF termination elements for these devices.

Abstract: A circuit for the modulation of the frequency of radiation produced by a magnetron includes a directional coupler connected to the output port of the magnetron, a circulator coupled between the output port and a load, and a phase shifter connected between the directional coupler and the circulator.

Abstract: A sampling linearizer including a phase shifter for use in improving the accuracy of an FM generated waveform with respect to a desired frequency rate of change is disclosed. The sampling linearizer comprises an oscillator for generating a reference frequency signal; a mixer governed by the generated FM waveform signal and the reference frequency signal to generate a first signal which is sampled at predetermined sampling times; and a linearizing servo controller which is governed by the sampled signal to reduce the inaccuracies in the genereated FM waveform with respect to the desired frequency rate of change. The sampling linearizer further includes a phase shifter disposed between the oscillator and mixer thereof and operative upon the reference frequency signal to generate another signal, the phase shifter being operative to shift the phase of the another signal with respect to the reference frequency signal as governed by a sequence of control signals representative of predetermined phase shift values.

Abstract: Jamming arrangements comprising an oscillator including a number of circuits each comprising a surface acoustic wave filter feeding an amplifier responsive only to signals above a predetermined threshold level, the filter characteristics being chosen so that each circuit is responsive to a different range of frequencies, the circuits being connected mutually in parallel and a switch being provided via which the output circuits of the terminals are coupled to the input terminals to define a feedback loop when the switch is closed, the arrangement being such that when the switch is closed and a signal to be jammed is injected into the loop at a frequency within the pass band of at least one of the filters so as to produce a signal which is fed to its associated amplifier above the threshold, oscillation is maintained around the loop at the frequency of the signal to be jammed.

Abstract: A low noise, high frequency oscillator (50) is disclosed which includes a JFET (100) having a tuned circuit (102) connected in a feedback arrangement with it. The JFET is operated in a self-biasing mode and includes a gate biasing circuit (104) comprised of a capacitor (114) and a resistor (116). The capacitor (114) and resistor (116) are selected such that the gate bias circuit (104) represents a low impedance path to low frequency noise components. These low frequency noise components are therefore shunted to ground, and do not modulate the operation of the JFET (100). This significantly reduces noise in the oscillator output signal. A hot carrier diode (118) is connected across the gate-to-source junction of the JFET (100) to reduce loading on the tuned circuit (102) by the JFET (100).

Abstract: An incoming signal including the object signal and plurality of noise signals dispersed about the object signal is fully masked with white noise and applied to a phase synchronization loop wide in loop band width and including a local oscillator repeatedly swept by a sweep generator. During the repeated sweep a control signal generator successively decreases the level of the white noise until the oscillator is locked in the phase of the object signal. At that time the signal control generator is operated to suspend the sweeping operation and prevent the white noise from being added to the incoming signal.

Abstract: A microwave oscillator including a tuning varactor and a transistor in a thin film series resonant circuit.

Abstract: A loop phase detector circuit in which the phase offset error arising from imperfections in the circuit parameters, inter alia, temperature and power supply voltage, is reduced to a minimum by the circuit arrangement disclosed herein. The phase comparator circuit compares the phase of the output frequency of a voltage to frequency converter with an input reference signal, and provides, in complementary form, a phase comparison error signal and the complement of a phase comparison error signal. Due to temperature and supply voltage fluctuation of the circuit, the phase comparison error signal and the complementary phase comparison error signal may not be symmetrical in amplitude and may contain offset errors not directly related to phase errors.

Abstract: Described is a temperature compensation circuit comprising a transistor, a device (to which compensated voltage is to be applied) connected to the collector, and a plurality of resistors forming a voltage divider. A node separates the resistors into two branches and is connected to the base, and a temperature sensor having a negative temperature coefficient of resistance is located in one of the branches. The branches are mutually adapted so that the ratio of the resistance of the branch containing the sensor to the sum of the resistances of both branches is a linear function of temperature. An application of this circuit to the control of the bias voltage supplied to an avalanche photodiode is specifically described.

Abstract: A scanning mirror position sensor operable from the back side of a scanning mirror which utilizes the front side of the mirror for scanning a scene to be interrogated or displayed. A rectangular uniformly distributed light source is reflected from the back surface of the scanning mirror across a grating consisting of alternate transparent and opaque regions placed in the focal plane in front of a single large area photodetector. As the light from the light source sweeps across the grating, the detector is alternately energized and deenergized to form a serial pulse train which is coupled to a pulse counter which accumulates the pulse count to thereby provide a continual and accurate measure of the mirror position.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for feeding a sinusoidal signal current to a wide range of loads, such as ringing current transmitted over subscriber lines from a telephone exchange, comprises a modulator which converts a rectified sine wave into a sequence of unipolar constant-amplitude pulses of varying width controlling, through a logic network, the energization of a load impedance via a resonant circuit from a d-c source. A switchover unit, including a transistor bridge having a diagonal connected across the d-c source, receives command signals from the logic network in response to the control pulses and to the outputs of two sensors determining the instant polarities of the load voltage and the load current in the output of the resonant circuit. The switchover unit produces a train of bipolar driving pulses, of constant amplitude and synchronized with the control pulses, whose polarity changes with alternate half-cycles of the sine wave fed in rectified form to the modulator.

Abstract: A radio frequency oscillator-modulator for use in a video game includes a folded metal shield box having a slot on one of its ends in which a similarly slotted printed circuit board containing the oscillator and modulator is mated with. Circuitry of the oscillator and modulator provides for great linearity and low R.F. radiation. The slot arrangement provides for effective grounding of the ground metallization of the external portion of the printed circuit board which contains the radio frequency output terminal along with the various input terminals. This portion contains ground metallization which makes very effective electrical contact with the slot of the shield box thus again containing R.F. radiation.

Abstract: An improved pulsed power supply for a solid state diode oscillator is shown. In the preferred embodiment a voltage equal to the threshold voltage of a negative resistance diode oscillator is applied continuously through an appropriately sized resistor and at least one normally nonconducting transistor is connected in parallel with such resistor, the transistor being arranged to be turned to its conducting state when a driver produces a control pulse, thereby to cause the negative resistance diode oscillator to oscillate.

Abstract: A tunable microwave oscillator including a transistor with a tuning diode which form an oscillating circuit particularly for use in television tuners and which does not require an inductor. A novel combination of an oscillator and mixer is also provided and the oscillator and mixer are designed to cover broad tuning ranges.

Abstract: An incandescent projection lamp which includes a reflector located within the lamp's envelope at an established distance from a biplanar filament structure. The lamp provides bidirectional light output with the reflector having an opening therein for defining the light output in one of the directions.

Abstract: An input signal comprising a carrier wave whose frequency may vary is applied to two complementary conductivity type transistors. Two resonant circuits, one tuned to a frequency slightly higher than and the other tuned to a frequency slightly lower than that of the nominal center frequency of the carrier wave are coupled between the respective drain electrodes of these transistors and a circuit node. The voltages developed across these resonant circuits are detected and the detection components subtracted from one another to obtain the circuit output signal.

Abstract: A microwave oscillator in which the power supplied by 2N microwave diodes such as avalanche or Gunn effect diodes is added. The diodes are connected together in two by sections of strip lines which enables magnetic coupling between these diodes and a dielectric resonator, with the diodes in each couple operating in phase opposition.

Abstract: A pulsing oscillator employs a capacitor that is charged through a diode from a current-source circuit and repeatedly discharges through a PNP and an NPN transistor when the capacitor voltage reaches a predetermined voltage. Another transistor is connected in shunt with a diode and capacitor, and is turned on only when the first mentioned transistors turn on so as to divert the frequency controlling current from the current source away from the capacitor during the time of discharge. The output pulse width remains constant for all values of control current and large control currents may be used without risking the "latching-on" by large control currents of the transistors intended to carry the discharge current from the capacitor.

Abstract: An electrical signal generator for generating signals at specific frequencies includes means for producing an adjustable frequency output, adjusting means for causing changes in the output frequency, and control means for adjustably pre-selecting the sizes of the frequency changes. In this way, the operator can be provided with a frequency changing control which, when operated, causes the output frequency to change in predetermined steps.

Abstract: A power combiner for solid state oscillator circuits is shown to be the combination of a central cavity and a plurality of subcavities, each one of the latter being dimensioned to operate in the TM.sub.010 mode to synchronize a plurality of solid state oscillator circuits. The central cavity and each one of the plurality of subcavities are coupled together through coaxial lines so that the central cavity in turn synchronizes the plurality of subcavities.