Abstract: A laminate structure includes an antiferromagnetic layer, a pinned magnetic layer, and a seed layer contacting the antiferromagnetic layer on a side opposite to pinned magnetic layer. The seed layer is constituted mainly by face-centered cubic crystals with (111) planes preferentially oriented. The seed layer is preferably non-magnetic. Layers including the antiferromagnetic layer, a free magnetic layer, and layers therebetween, have (111) planes preferentially oriented.

Abstract: In a surface treatment process for mechanical parts, for conferring on the parts a high resistance to wear and corrosion and a roughness propitious to lubrication, nitriding of the part is followed consecutively by oxidation of the part. The nitriding is applied by immersing the part in a molten salt nitriding bath free of sulfur-containing species at a temperature from approximately 500° C. to approximately 700° C. The oxidation is carried out in an oxidizing aqueous solution at a temperature less than approximately 200° C.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic resonator for use in a marker in a magnetomechanical electronic article surveillance system is manufactured at reduced cost by being continuously annealed with a tensile stress applied along the ribbon axis and by providing an amorphous magnetic alloy containing iron, cobalt and nickel and in which the portion of cobalt is less than about 4 at %.

Abstract: A process for post-passivation of a phosphated metal surface, characterized in that the phosphated metal surface is treated with an aqueous post-passivation solution which contains from 50 to 500 mg/l of nickel ions and from 200 to 1500 mg/l of phosphate ions. Rinsing water arising which contains constituents of the post-passivation solution may be processed by nanofiltration or reverse osmosis, the retentate being transferred into the phosphating bath, thereby closing the Ni circuit. The post-passivation solution preferably additionally contains a phosphating accelerator.

Abstract: A method for preparing ultra-fine grain titanium or titanium-alloy articles used for adjoining or assembling of detail components. Coarse-grained titanium or titanium-alloy materials typically are heated and forced under constant pressure through a friction stir processing tooling device containing a stirring chamber and a stirring rod. As the material is passed through the stirring chamber, the stirring rod solutionizes the titanium or titanium-alloy material and stirs the material to obtain a homogeneous or uniform material condition. As the processed material exits the stirring chamber of the friction stir process tooling device, it reconsolidates as an extremely homogeneous structure possessing ultra-fine grain structure. Titanium or titanium-alloy materials having been processed to achieve such ultra-fine grain material structure may then be manufactured into aerospace structural articles or components such as fasteners or articles that do not require a subsequent thermal or heat-treatment steps.

Abstract: The objects of the present invention are to provide a method of producing highly weather-resistant iron-based magnet powder containing a rare-earth element, particularly characterized by high coercive force in a practically important humid atmosphere, highly weather-resistant magnet powder produced by the same method, resin composition containing the same powder for bonded magnets, and bonded magnet containing the same powder. The present invention provides a method of producing a magnet powder by crushing an iron-based magnet powder containing a rare-earth element in an organic solvent, wherein phosphoric acid is added to the solvent in which the powder is crushed.

Abstract: The non-oriented electrical steel sheet having the following chemical composition: C: 0.01% or less, Si: 2.5% or less, Mn: 2% or less, Al: 1 to 5%, Si+Al+0.5×Mn: 2.5 to 5%, with a sheet thickness of 0.1 to 0.4 mm, an average grain diameter of 50 to 180 &mgr;m and a Vickers hardness of 130 to 210. The steel sheet is excellent in workability such as punchability and interlocking performance for forming it into cores for motors and also has a lower iron loss and higher magnetic flux density, and thus when used as a core in a motor, achieves the high a motor efficiency. The steel sheet is particularly suitable as a material for cores in inverter-controlled motors.

Abstract: A non-chromate conversion coating and method of applying same wherein the coating comprises a titanate, such as potassium titanate or sodium metatitanate, as a “drop-in replacement” for a chromate in an otherwise chromate-containing conversion coating.

Abstract: Methods of making and using annealable insulated metal-based powder particles are provided. The insulated metal-based powder particles are formed from metal-based core particles that are coated with an annealable insulating material. The annealable insulating material has at least one inorganic compound and at least one organic polymeric resin. The inorganic compound in the insulating material forms a nonporous insulating layer surrounding the metal-based core particles upon heating. The organic polymeric resin preferably aids in dispersing or binding the inorganic compound to the metal-based core particles prior to annealing. The insulated metal-based powder particles produced can be formed into core components that can be annealed to improve the magnetic performance of the core component. The core components produced are particularly useful under AC operating conditions of 500 Hz or lower.

Abstract: A work-hardened poppet exhaust valve for internal combustion engines is obtained from a solutioned work-hardenable austenitic stainless steel coil or bar stock in which chromium is present in the range of 13%-25% by weight, nickel is present in the range of 4%-16% by weight, manganese is present in the range of 0.25%-8% by weight, copper is present in the range of 0.5%-7% by weight, the interstitial elements carbon plus nitrogen are present in a total amount less than 0.45% by nitrogen are present in a total amount less than 0.45% by weight, and at least one refractory metal selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, niobium, vanadium, tungsten and tantalum is present in the range of 1%-5% by weight. The coil or bar stock is extruded to a poppet valve preform configuration at a temperature in the range of room temperature to 1,000° F., and at a true strain of more than 0.8. The parameters of extrusion provide said work-hardened poppet valve with a stem hardness more than Rc=25.

Abstract: A method of pretreating a copper surface for protecting the surface from oxidation, by immersing the surface in a solution containing organic solderabilty preservatives, such as BenzoTriAzole, with the addition of a zinc salt. The method is particularly useful in the manufacturing of electronic Printed Circuit Boards for protecting the copper surfaces during the solder processes when the PCB undergoes high temperature. The addition of the zinc salts also gives the additional advantage of increasing the solderabilty properties of the copper surface (i.e. wettability and adhesion).

Abstract: A process of forming a ceramic coating on a component. The process generally entails placing the component in a coating chamber containing oxygen and an inert gas, heating a surface of the component to a temperature of about 100 to about 150° C., and then generating a metal vapor from at least one metal target using a microwave-stimulated, oxygen-containing sputtering technique. The metal vapor is then caused to condense on the component surface to form a metal layer, after which the metal layer is treated with a microwave-stimulated plasma to oxidize the metal layer and form an oxide layer having a columnar microstructure. The generating, condensing and treating steps can be repeated any number of times to form multiple oxide layers that together constitute the ceramic coating.

Abstract: A hydrogen containing material comprises a first compound including hydrogen containing material and fluoride, and a second compound including a metal which becomes highly reactive with hydrogen when the metal becomes a compound including fluorine, and a compound including fluorine. The first compound and the second compound are integrally formed into a one-piece layer on the surface of the hydrogen containing material. The metal which becomes highly reactive with hydrogen when the metal becomes a compound including fluorine is at least one metal selected from a rare earth metal, rare earth alloy, Fe, Al, Mg, Ca, Mn, Zn, Zr, Li, or alloys comprising these elements.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a magnetic powder which can provide magnets having excellent magnetic properties and having excellent reliability especially excellent heat stability. The magnetic powder is composed of an alloy composition represented by (R1-aDya)x(Fe1-bCob)100-x-yBy (where R is at least one kind of rare-earth element, x is 7.1-9.9 at %, y is 4.6-8.0 at %, a is 0.02-0.2, and b is 0-0.30), wherein the magnetic powder is constituted from a composite structure having a soft magnetic phase and a hard magnetic phase, and the intrinsic coercive force (HCJ) of the magnetic powder at a room temperature is in the range of 400-750 kA/m.

Abstract: A high purity silver wire for use in recording, acoustic or image transmission applications. The high purity silver wire is made of high purity silver containing sulfur, iron, copper, palladium, gold and lead impurities in an amount such that no one of the sulfur, iron, copper, palladium, gold and lead impurities individually exceeds 0.5 ppmw, and wherein all other impurities are present in a total amount of less than 1 ppmw.

Abstract: A method of forming a shimming body for a NMR assembly is provided. A magnetizable metal powder of known magnetic properties is provided. The powder is uniformly dispersed into a non-magnetic material to form a mixture having a selected uniform density. A selected weight of magnetic material is determined for a particular installation of an NMR assembly. The mixture is heated. A selected volume corresponding to the selected weight of magnetic material is extruded into a container. The mixture is cooled to form a shimming body.

Abstract: A Ti alloy poppet valve consists of a valve stem and a valve head, and is employed as intake or exhaust valve in an internal combustion engine of an automobile. O2 is put into the valve in a furnace at very slight amount and heated to introduce oxygen atoms into titanium of the valve to form a Ti—O interstitial solid solution without making titanium oxides. The valve is strengthened to increase hardness and wear resistance.

Abstract: A sintered rare earth magnet consisting essentially of 20-30% by weight of R (wherein R is Sm or a mixture of Sm and another rare earth element), 10-45% by weight of Fe, 1-10% by weight of Cu, 0.5-5% by weight of Zr, and the balance of Co has on its surface a composite layer containing Sm2O3 and/or CoFe2O4 in Co or Co and Fe. The magnet is resistant to hydrogen embrittlement.

Abstract: A method for selecting alloying elements for complex, multi-component amorphous metal alloys is provided in which the solvent element is the largest atom with a concentration of 40-80 at %, the second most concentrated element has a radius of 65-83 % the radius of the solvent atom and a concentration of 10-40 at % in the alloy, with other elements selected at lower concentrations. For ternary alloys specified by this invention, the third element must have an atomic radius within 70-92 % of the solvent atom radius. In the preferred embodiment, alloys with four or more elements are specified, where the third elements must have an atomic radius within 70-80 %, the fourth element must have an atomic radius within 80-92 % of the solvent atom radius, and all other solute elements must have atomic radii within 70-92 % of the solvent atom radius.

Abstract: A metallic surface treating solution characterized in that it is an aqueous solution at pH 0.1 to 6.5 comprising a source of at least one selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, V, Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, Ce, Sr, and trivalent chromium, an oxidizing substance source, and an oxyacid or oxyacid salt of phosphorus or its anhydride, a surface treating method using the treating solution, and metals thereby treated on the surface.