Abstract: Highly purified derivatives of maltooligosaccharides can be produced at a high yield by reacting, in a mixture of a hydrophilic organic solvent and water, a mixture of maltooligosaccharides or a substance capable of being converted into the maltooligosaccharides upon reaction with an amylase, and an o-glucosyl derivative, with the amylase.The resulting derivatives of maltooligosaccharides are useful as a substrate for the determination of .alpha.-amylase activity in a humor, physiologically active substances, natural dieteic sweetenings, coloring agents and the like.

Abstract: A potent and specific immunotoxin is prepared by coupling an inactivated diphteria toxin to a binding moiety such as a monoclonal antibody or transferrin. The immunotoxins are specific for human tumors and leukemias and are indistinguishable in cell toxicity from that of the native toxin linked to the binding domain without the toxicity to other cells. The immunotoxin is useful in treating graft versus host disease as well as selectively killing tumor cells, such as medulloblastoma and glioblastoma cells.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel process for preparing 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (2-CdA) having the following formula ##STR1## from a compound of the following formula ##STR2## The invention also relates to intermediates which are useful in preparing 2-CdA. The compound 2-CdA is useful as an antileukemic agent, i.e., in treating leukemias, such as hairy cell leukemia.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a particulate antimicrobial product from the LP system of the lactoperoxidase enzyme/oxygen donor/oxidizable substrate (if needed). The process comprises bonding the lactoperoxidase enzyme to a particulate carrier comprising a polysaccharide nucleus, a first lipidic layer and a second phospholipidic layer in such a manner that the enzyme molecules are inserted into this second layer and/or into the first layer. The product according to the invention is obtained by then conditioning in a non-aqueous medium the aforesaid particulate vector and the molecules of the LP system not integrated into said vector. The process of the invention permits adjusting the diffusability of the product and its mobility as a function of the intended applications, without destruction of the LP system.

Abstract: A formulation for use in detecting and/or determining peroxidase activity comprises a mixture in solution of tetramethylbenzidine, hydrogen peroxide, a buffering agent and bacitracin as a stabilizing agent. The formulation is used as a peroxidase substrate that is stable in solution for an extended period of time and provides enhanced color sensitivity.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method to treat a heart attack victim to reduce heart muscle damage. In particular, the invention relates to a metGrant StatementThis research was supported in part by the National Institute of Health, Grant R01 HL40892-01.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new synthetic process for the preparation of anti-tumor agent Etoposide (VP16-213). the process, which has shorten reaction route, simple procedure, high yield and low materials cost, therefore facilitates the commercial manufacture of etoposide.

Abstract: Synthetic glycosaminosyl transferase-V acceptors and inhibitors are disclosed. Minimal trisaccharide inhibitors and acceptors specific for GnT-V, which is associated with the ability of cells to metastasize are useful, in diagnosis and treatment of conditions characterized by metastatic cells.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2-amino-9-(2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl) adenine (V) is described. The process uses a protected 2,6-di(tri-alkylsilylamino)-9-trialkylsilylpurine (II) which is reacted with protected chlorosugar 2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl-1-chloro-D-arabinofuranose (III) and then the protection groups are removed from the 2 and 6 positions. The process provides a 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine (VII) which is an antileukenine drug.

Abstract: Circulating heparin in a mammal may be neutralized without substantial depletion of platelets or leukocytes by administering to the mammal a heparin neutralizing amount of purified PF4 or rPF4 or a heparin neutralizing fragment thereof.

Abstract: A hepatitis B vaccine containing a peptide with an amino acid chain of at least six consecutive amino acids within the pre-S gene coded region of the envelope of hepatitis B virus. The vaccine being free of an amino acid sequence corresponding to the naturally occurring envelope proteins of hepatitis B virus and a physiologically acceptable diluent. The peptide being free or linked to a carrier. The carrier being a conventional carrier or a novel carrier including a lipid vesicle stabilized by cross-linking and having covalently bonded active sites on the outer surface thereon. Such novel carrier being useful not only to link the novel peptide containing an amino acid chain with amino acids within the pre-S gene coded region of the surface antigen or hepatitis B virus, but can also be used to bind synthetic peptide analogues of other viral proteins, as well as bacterial, allergen and parasitic proteins of man and animals.

Abstract: The invention provides an antidote to blood anticoagulants comprising Factor VIII or fragments of Factor VIII which retain its activity or a substance which increases its concentration in blood.

Abstract: The invention relates to derivatives of nucleosides and their use for the synthesis of oligonucleotides. These derivatives are in accordance with the formula: ##STR1## in which B represents a radical derived from guanine, cytosine or adenine, whose exocylic NH group is protected by the group ##STR2## with R.sup.1 representing a hydrogen atom or a alkyl radical and R.sup.2 a hydrogen atom, and alkyl radical, an alkoxy radical and optionally substituted aryloxy radical, R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, the dimethoxytrityl radical or the radical ##STR3## R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, the radical of formula: ##STR4## or a radical suitable for the synthesis of polynucelotides and R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom or the protected or unprotected hydroxyl OH radical.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is a group --CH.sub.2 --X where X is hydrogen, halogen, --CN, --N.sub.3, --OC(O)R.sub.5, --S(O).sub.n R.sub.5, --SH, --OC(O)NHR.sub.5, --NHCONHR.sub.5 or --NR.sub.6 R.sub.7, where R.sub.5 is hydrogen optionally substituted C.sub.1-8 alkyl, or aryl, heteroaryl, aryl C.sub.1-4 alkyl or heteroaryl C.sub.1-4 alkyl in each of which the aromatic moiety is optionally substituted with the proviso that when X is --S(O).sub.n R.sub.5, R.sub.5 does not represent hydrogen, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are independently hydrogen or C.sub.116 alkyl, or one of R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 is hydrogen and the other is --formyl, C.sub.2-8 alkanoyl, dialkoxyphosphoryl, aroyl, heteroaroyl, aryl C.sub.1-4 alkanoyl, heteroaryl C.sub.1-4 alkanoyl, C.sub.1-8 alkylsulphonyl, arylsulphonyl, heteroarylsulphonyl, aryl C.sub.1-4 alkylsulphonyl or heteroaryl C.sub.1-4 alkylsulphonyl, where any aromatic moiety in R.sub.6 or R.sub.

Abstract: A new strain Lactobacillus sp. KPB-176, which does not possess strict selectivity for specific media and which involves no reduction in the productivity of polysaccharides even during subculture, was isolated from kefir grains. When this new strain is cultured on a medium containing milk whey and casamino acid or when on a medium containing carbohydrate and yeast extract, capsular polysaccharides are produced in high yields.

Abstract: A polysaccharide derivative prepared by replacing a part or the whole of hydrogen atoms of hydroxyl and/or amino groups of a polysaccharide with one or more atomic groups represented by the following formula (1), (2) or (3) is new and useful for the separation of optical isomers: ##STR1## wherein the number of carbon atoms constituting R is 1 to 30 and R is a group having at least one asymmetric center.

Abstract: Fatty acid esters of methyl glycosides are prepared by reacting a fatty acid or ester with a methyl glycoside in the presence of an enzyme catalyst, in particular a lipase. The resulting fatty acid esters are preferably monoesters.The methyl glycoside fatty acid esters may be used as surface-active agents in cleaning compositions or personal care products.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each C.sub.16-18 long-chain aliphatic acyl and are the same or different; and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof are disclosed. These novel compounds are effective against 5-FU-resistant tumor cells, have low toxicity, and are not inactivated by nucleoside phosphorylase in vivo.

Abstract: An enzymic method for assaying protein C by the use of a synthetic peptide substrate, wherein the action of interfering substances against said peptide substrate are specifically inhibited, and a measuring kit for the same.

Abstract: A newly discovered lignin peroxidase enzyme is provided. The enzyme is obtained from a bacterial source and is capable of degrading the lignin portion of lignocellulose in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme is extracellular, oxidative, inducible by lignin, larch wood xylan, or related substrates and capable of attacking certain lignin substructure chemical bonds that are not degradable by fungal lignin peroxidases.