Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a novel musculoskeletal stem cell (MSSC) differentiated from an ESC (embryonic stem cell) or an iPSC (induced pluripotent stem cell). The musculoskeletal stem cell of the present disclosure can be easily induced from a human embryonic stem cell or a human-derived pluripotent stem cell and can be effectively differentiated not only into bone but also into cartilage, tendon and muscle. Accordingly, it can be usefully used for prevention or treatment of various musculoskeletal diseases.

Abstract: The invention provides improved methods for preparing hematopoietic cells for transplantation and the resulting improved hematopoietic cell compositions. The invention further relates to improved culture media and methods of culturing, processing, modulating, and expanding blood cell products for hematopoietic transplantation.

Abstract: In related-art methods of differentiating pluripotent stem cells into a desired cell type, there has not been established a differentiation induction method using human ES/iPS cells and being stable and highly efficient. A method of inducing differentiation into a desired cell type within a short period of time and with high efficiency by attenuating differentiation resistance of a pluripotent stem cell to generate a pluripotent stem cell that actively proceeds to a differentiated cell type has been found, and thus the present invention has been completed.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of transplanting cells by grafting strategies into solid organs (especially internal organs) are provided. These methods and compositions can be used to repair diseased organs or to establish models of disease states in experimental hosts. The method involves attachment onto the surface of a tissue or organ, a patch graft, a “bandaid-like” covering, containing epithelial cells with supporting early lineage stage mesenchymal cells. The cells are incorporated into soft gel-forming biomaterials prepared under serum-free, defined conditions comprised of nutrients, lipids, vitamins, and regulatory signals that collectively support stemness of the donor cells. The graft is covered with a biodegradable, biocompatible, bioresorbable backing used to affix the graft to the target site. The cells in the graft migrate into and throughout the tissue such that within a couple of weeks they are uniformly dispersed within the recipient (host) tissue.

Abstract: Compositions comprising perforated, unseparated amnion/chorion; perforated, separated amnion; and perforated, separated chorion derived from the placenta and methods of preparing and using those compositions are provided. Perforation of placental tissue before or during processing may allow for one or more benefits such as more efficient removal of blood remnants, retention of wound healing and tissue regeneration components, better handling characteristics, or improved healing capacity. The present invention also includes methods of healing a wound of the skin, eye, nerve, tendon, or dura comprising applying the perforated compositions of the invention to the wound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition and a method for inducing CD4+ T cells to differentiate into regulatory T cells and proliferate through an induced T cell co-stimulator ligand (ICOSL) or an ICOSL-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cell and for preventing or treating regulatory T cell-mediated diseases. The induced T cell co-stimulator ligand (ICOSL) or ICOSL-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cell according to the present invention effectively suppresses the proliferation of PBMCs, induces the expression of an ICOS in regulatory T cells, thereby inducing the differentiation and proliferation of the regulatory T cells through a PI3K-Akt mechanism, and thus can effectively prevent, treat, or enhance regulatory T cell-mediated diseases.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure concern methods and compositions related to cancer therapy using myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) as a solo therapy or an adjunct therapy. The MDSCs are prepared by exposing bone marrow cells or blood cells to one or more compositions that induce their differentiation to MDSCs and also to TGF-?1, and in specific embodiments the exposure to TGF-?1 results in the MDSCs having anti-tumor activity and/or immune stimulatory activity.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are precursory regulatory cytotrophoblast cells produced in vitro and compositions thereof. Also disclosed herein are methods of treating a disorder or condition by utilizing the cells disclosed herein.

Abstract: The invention provides a three dimensional (3D), porous, biodegradable and biocompatible tissue engineering scaffold, wherein at least 25% w/w of the scaffold is particulate egg shell membrane (ESM) distributed substantially uniformly therein and the scaffold is essentially dry. Methods for preparing the same by freeze-drying and cryogelation and the use thereof in methods of tissue engineering and to promote the healing of wounds are also provided.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a sheet-like cell structure having excellent strength and shape-maintaining performance, and a sheet-like cell structure having excellent strength and shape-maintaining performance. According to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a sheet-like cell structure, including: a step of adding a biocompatible macromolecular block, a cell, and a liquid medium onto a culture support body having a plurality of recessed portions on a culture surface, and immersing the biocompatible macromolecular block and the cell in uppermost portions of the recessed portions; and a step of culturing the cell to obtain a sheet-like cell structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for screening for platelet production promoters, the method including a step for selecting a candidate substance that significantly increases expression of TUBB1 as a platelet production promoter.

Abstract: The main characteristic of method is that before the onset of menopause in women at age 30-45 years, part of the cortical and medulla layers of one or both ovaries is surgically resected and cryopreserved (frozen), and in perimenopause beginning, these tissues are autotransplanted subcutaneously in a form of suspension or small ovarian pieces prepared from thawed tissues fragments of their own ovaries. This “return” is repeatedly periodically each 4-6 months for 10-15 years. That helps to obtain normal level of ovarian antiage factors in blood till age 60-65 years, thus slowing aging.

Abstract: Provided herein are artificial lung organoids. The artificial lung organoids may include an epithelial cell layer comprising mammalian lung epithelial cells, a stromal cell layer comprising mammalian lung fibroblast cells and an endothelial cell layer comprising mammalian endothelial cells. The artificial lung organoids may optionally include a porous membrane between said epithelial cell layer and said stromal cell layer and/or between said stromal cell layer and said endothelial lung cell layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure is drawn to compositions and methods of making and using lyophilized platelet lysates. Specifically, a method of preparing a composition suitable for therapeutic use or as a culture medium can comprise steps of concentrating platelets from a platelet source to form a platelet rich portion of the platelet source, and lysing the platelets in the platelet rich portion to form a plurality of lysates. An additional step includes lyophilizing the lysates to form lyophilized platelet lysates in a composition with released concentrations of available growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. In one example, at 30%, by platelet count, of platelets from a platelet source can be lysed using this process.

Abstract: The present disclosure is drawn to compositions and methods of making and using lyophilized platelet lysates. Specifically, a method of preparing a composition suitable for therapeutic use or as a culture medium can comprise steps of concentrating platelets from a platelet source to form a platelet rich portion of the platelet source, and lysing the platelets in the platelet rich portion to form a plurality of lysates. An additional step includes lyophilizing the lysates to form lyophilized platelet lysates in a composition with released concentrations of available growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. In one example, at 30%, by platelet count, of platelets from a platelet source can be lysed using this process.

Abstract: A cell culture substrate comprising a substrate having a coating of a plurality of amine functionalized nanoparticles is disclosed. In one embodiment, the amine functionalized nanoparticle is a polymer of an acrylamide monomer, a cross-linker and an amine monomer. There is also provided a method of making the cell culture substrate either by drying the amine functionalized nanoparticles when spread onto the said substrate or by covalent linkages of the substrate with thiol terminated nanoparticles. In addition, there is provided a method of culturing stem cells on the cell culture substrate having a coating of a plurality of the amine functionalized nanoparticles thereon.

Abstract: The invention discloses a vitrification freezing treatment device for cells. The vitrification freezing treatment device for cells includes a straw device, a pre-freezing device, a freezing unit, a driving device, a control unit and a carrying table used for carrying cell carriers, wherein the straw device is connected with the driving device in a driven mode, the driving device is in signal connection with the control unit, the straw device comprises straws used for obtaining cells in the cell carriers, the control unit is used for controlling the driving device to drive the straw device to obtain cells and to transfer the cells to the freezing unit, and the pre-freezing device is used for pre-freezing the straws when the straw device transfers the obtained cells to the freezing unit.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a matrix comprising a modified polysaccharide consisting of repeating disaccharide units whereby in at least 11% of the disaccharide units one primary alcohol group is oxidized into a carboxylic acid group.

Abstract: Resistance of randomly dispersed and oxygen-starved lung tumor cells to chemo- and radiotherapy constitutes the vast majority recurrences and death from lung cancer. We use sickle cells derived from humans with sickle cell anemia to target oxygen-deprived tumor cells that persist and multiply after conventional treatment. Transfused sickle cells selectively occluded tumor microvessels and shut down blood flow to these oxygen-deprived pockets leading to tumor cell death and complete shrinkage of aggressive lung tumors. Combining the sickle cells with a vascular disrupting agents and radiation injure and narrow tumor blood vessels, amplified the scale of sickle cell-induced blood vessel closure and tumor cell killing. The strength of the tumor killing produced by this combination exceeded that of either agent alone or combined with conventional anti-angiogenics, chemotherapy or radiation.

Abstract: Described are cell culture solutions and systems for epithelial stem cell and organoid cultures, formation of epithelial constructs and uses of the same in transplantation.