Abstract: Therapeutic and diagnostic methods are provided for treatment and detection of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) enteric infections. Also provided is an assay for the identification of compositions which are effective inhibitors of EPEC infection.

Abstract: Non-immunogenic biocompatible macromolecular sheet composition are formed from a cellulosic membrane, a binding moiety having a plurality of functional groups, and a glycosaminoglycan (GAG). The binding moiety has the formula of R1—X—R2 wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different. The binding moiety, through functional groups binds the cellulosic membrane with the glycosaminoglycan. R1 is covalently bound to a carbon or an oxygen of the cellulosic membrane. R2 is covalently bound to a carbon, an oxygen, or a nitrogen of the glycosaminoglycan. The binding moiety can be bis-oxyrane, butanediol-diglycidyl ether (BDE), or divinyl sulfone. The cellulosic membrane can be a cellulosic membrane, partially acetylated cellulose and a copolymer of hydroxyethyl-methacrylate with methyl methacrylate, abbreviated as HEMA-MMA. The non-immunogenic biocompatible macromolecular sheet composition can be formed into a pouch to encapsulate cells, tissues, pharmaceuticals, or biological metabolic products.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treatment of unstable coronary artery disease, which is characterised by an early revascularisation together with administration of a low molecular weight heparin. Preferably the low molecular weight heparin is administered up to revascularisation. The methods are also useful for treatment of unstable angina and not worsening chest pain and for treatment of non-Q-wave myocardial infarction (mild heart attack).

Abstract: Polysaccharides, which are widely used as an anticoagulation drugs, especially heparin, are clinically administered only by intravenous or subcutaneous injection because of their strong hydrophilicity and high negative charge. Amphiphilic heparin derivatives were synthesized by conjugate to bile acids, sterols, and alkanoic acids, respectively. The hydrophobicity of the heparin derivatives depended on the feed mole ratio of heparin to hydrophobic agent. The heparin derivatives were slightly hydrophobic and exhibited good solubility in a water-acetone solvent, as well as water. The heparin derivatives have a high anticoagulant activity. These slightly hydrophobic heparin derivatives can be absorbed in gastric intestinal tract and can be used as oral dosage form. Also, the heparin derivatives can be used for the surface modification to prevent anticoagulation for medical devices such as extracorporeal devices and implanted devices.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for tolerizing shed antigen-specific B cells involved in an immune complex-mediated disease progression. The composition comprises a substantially non-immunogenic carrier molecule to which is linked carbohydrate chains containing a suppressive amount of a repeated, antigenic carbohydrate determinant derived from a shed antigen of interest. In a method of tolerizing shed antigen-specific B cells involved in an immune complex-mediated disease progression, administered to an individual is a therapeutically effective amount of the composition which, when contacting the shed antigen-specific B cells, induces tolerization of the shed antigen-specific B cells.

Abstract: Substituted propanolamine derivatives, their pharmaceutically tolerated salts and physiologically functional derivatives thereof are described. Also described are compounds of formula I in which the radicals have the abovementioned meanings, and their physiologically tolerated salts, physiologically functional derivates and processes for their preparation. The compounds are suitable as, for example, hypolipidemics.

Abstract: A palatable oral liquid pharmaceutical composition of benzoxazinone compounds useful as HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors comprising the benzoxazinone active ingredient in a liquid vehicle comprising medium chain fatty acid triglycerides. Other formulating agents such as sweetening agents, lecithin suspending agents, etc. may be optionally added.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the treatment of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia and tardive dyskinesia are provided. Compositions include 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine and its analogs, and/or pyridinium ions thereof, administered in amounts sufficient to reduce dopamine levels in subcortical areas of the brain without causing symptoms of Parkinson's disease. One course of treatment can result in permanent or long-term amelioration of symptoms.

Abstract: A bone growth-promoting composition is provided comprising hyaluronic acid and a growth factor. The composition has a viscosity and biodegradability sufficient to persist at an intra-articular site of desired bone growth for a period of time sufficient to promote the bone growth. Preferably hyaluronic acid is used in a composition range of 0.1-4% by weight and preferred growth factor is bFGF, present in a concentration range of about 10−6 to 100 mg/ml.

Abstract: A system for stimulating brain plasticity releases acetylcholine into the learner's brain while the learner is receiving incoming stimuli or performing an activity during the learning process. It is believed that acetylcholine helps the brain in the learning and memorizing process. In one embodiment, the nucleus basalis region of the learner's brain is electrically stimulated to release acetylcholine, thereby aiding the learning and memorizing process. The electrical stimulation advantageously reduces the need for the learner to attach “behavioral importance” and to pay close attention on the incoming stimuli or activity to stimulate the release of acetylcholine. In other embodiments, delivery systems such as microinjection, implanted micro release devices or implanted photo-sensitive release devices may be used to release acetylcholine into the brain to aid the learning process.

Abstract: Apoptosis inducers, anticancer drugs and carcinostatic drugs containing sulfated-fucose-containing polysaccharide(s) and/or degradation product(s) thereof, and a method for inducing apoptosis by using sulfated-fucose-containing polysaccharide(s) and/or degradation product(s) thereof as the active ingredient. A degrading enzyme which is useful in the production of the degradation products of sulfated-fucose-containing polysaccharides.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel mimetics of the tetrasaccharides sialyl- Lewis-X (SLeX) and sialyl- Lewis-A (SLeA) having an improved action as inhibitors of cell adhesion, specifically a compound of the formula I in which R1 is —H, —CH3 or —CH2OH, R2 is —H or —OH, R3, R4 and R5 independently of one another are —H, C1-C4-alkyl or —OH, R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 independently of one another are —H or C1-C4-alkyl D is —O—C(O)—, —C(O)—or —NR6—C(O)—, E is —CR7R8—, —NR7—, or a nitrogen heterocycle of the formula n is 1 or 2, m is 0 or 1, p is an integer from 0 to 10, q is 1 or 2 and X1 and X2 independently of one another are —H, —COOR9, —NR9R10, —OH, —OSO3H, —CH2COOR9 or —CH2OSO3H or together are ═O, to a process for preparing these compounds and to their use as pharmacological active compounds and diagnostic

Abstract: Coagulation control compositions suitable for use in connection with PT and/or APTT assays are disclosed along with their methods of preparation and methods of use. Preferred coagulation controls comprise plasma and an anticoagulant having activity for enhancing the activity of antithrombin III (ATIII) or of heparin co-factor II (HCII) against thrombin or against a clotting factor selected from the group consisting of factors IXa, Xa and XIa. The anticoagulant is preferably a glycosaminoglycan such as heparin, a heparin derivative or a heparin analog. The anticoagulant is preferably combined with (1) an abnormal plasma (e.g. activated plasma or factor-deficient plasma) and/or (2) a primate plasma (e.g. human plasma), and a non-primate mammalian plasma (e.g. bovine plasma). In the latter case, the non-primate mammalian plasma is preferably present in the coagulation control composition in an amount of not more than about 12% by volume, relative to total volume.

Abstract: This invention provides smooth muscle cell proliferation inhibitors of formula I having the structure Y is hydrogen, halogen, azido, or Het optionally substituted with R10; Het is 1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl, imidazol-1-yl, or benzimidazol-1-yl; R1, R2, R3 and R4, are each, independently, hydrogen, acyl of 2-7 carbon atoms, perfluoroacyl of 2-7 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, perfluoroalkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, benzoyl, or benzyl; R5 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, perfluoroalkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, halogen, nitrile, nitro, alkoxy of 1-6 carbon atoms; R6 and R 7, are each, independently, hydrogen, acyl of 2-7 carbon atoms, perfluoroacyl of 2-7 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, perfluoroalkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, alkylsulfonyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, perfluoroalkylsulfonyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, arylsulfonyl of 6-10 carbon atoms, or arylsulfonyl substituted with halo of 6-10 carbon atoms; R8 and R9, are each, independently, hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms,

Abstract: Sialyl-Lewisa and sialyl-Lewisx epitope analogues, in which the natural N-acetyl group of the N-acetylglucosamine monomer is replaced by various hydroxylated aromatic substituents.

Abstract: Synthesis of an amino-disaccharide, amino-oligosaccharide or a derivative thereof, characterized in that a monosaccharide, a disaccharide, an oligosaccharide, a glycoside or a derivative thereof, in the presence of a glycosidase as catalyst, is reacted with an amino-deoxy-saccharide or a glycoside or derivative thereof, and that the amino-saccharide is optionally isolated from the product mixture directly or after chemical/enzymatic modification.

Abstract: Synthetic low molecular weight catalysts for the dismutation of superoxide are potent analgesics that are effective in elevating the pain threshold in hyperalgesic conditions such as arthritis, and also operate to prevent or reverse tolerance to opioid analgesics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a carbohydrate derivative having formula I wherein R1 is (1-4C)alkoxy; R2, R3 and R4 are independently (1-4C)alkoxy or OSO3−, the total number of sulfate groups is 4, 5, or 6; and the twisted lines represent bonds either above or below the plane of the six-membered ring to which they are attached; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of the invention have antithrombotic activity and may be used for treating or preventing thrombosis and for inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation.

Abstract: A new crystalline form of morphine-6-glucuronide, referred to as Form A, characterized by its infrared spectrum pattern and/or by its x-ray powder diffraction image, the use thereof and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: Sialyl-Lewisx and sialyl-Lewisa epitope analogues in which the naturally occurring N-acetyl group of the N-acetylglucosamine monomer is replaced by various aliphatic or aromatic substituents and the L-fucose naturally present is replaced by various naturally occurring or non-naturally occurring sugars.