Abstract: Process for producing a hydrogen-containing product gas suited for operating in regions where the ambient conditions are below freezing for extended periods of time during the winter and warm or hot during the summer months. Hot makeup water is provided to the process to avoid freezing. A portion of the hot makeup water stream is heated in a steam generator to make steam where the steam is used to heat incoming hydrocarbon feed for the process. Another portion of the hot makeup water stream may be heated by combustion product gases where the heated water stream is used to heat incoming combustion oxidant.

Abstract: A method of forming an asphalt mixture can include mixing a bio-source material and a bitumen source to form a bitumen mixture. The bitumen mixture can be mixed with a catalyst to form the asphalt mixture. Particles can be added to the asphalt mixture to form a roofing-grade asphalt mixture. In an embodiment, the bitumen source material can have a softening point of at least approximately 93° C. and a penetration distance no greater than approximately 25 dmm. In another embodiment, the roofing-grade asphalt mixture can have a softening point of at least approximately 104° C., a penetration distance no greater than approximately 12 dmm, a viscosity of at least approximately 3000 cps at a temperature of 204° C., or any combination thereof. The asphalt mixture can be applied to a base material to form a roofing product. The asphalt mixture can be applied as a pavement product.

Abstract: A catalyst for reforming hydrocarbons may include a nickel nanoparticle having a controlled crystal facet, the controlled crystal facet being a surface of the nickel nanoparticle and including a {100} face, a {111} face, or a combination thereof. The present disclosure also relates to a production method thereof and a method of reforming hydrocarbons using the same.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for catalytic reforming. The process can include catalytically reforming a hydrocarbon feed in a reaction zone, obtaining an effluent stream having hydrogen and hydrocarbons from the reaction zone, obtaining from at least a portion of the effluent stream a waste hydrocarbon stream from an adsorption zone, passing at least a portion of the waste hydrocarbon stream as a feed stream across a feed side of a membrane having the feed side and a permeate side, and being selective for hydrogen over one or more C1-C6 hydrocarbons, and withdrawing from the permeate side a permeate stream enriched in hydrogen compared with a residue stream withdrawn from the feed side.

Abstract: A method for operating a steam reforming plant wherein a hydrocarbon-rich feed is reacted with steam to form synthesis gas. The plant includes a steam reforming reactor and processing units to obtain a hydrogen-rich fraction after separation of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. The plant also includes a pressure-swing adsorption plant to separate the hydrogen-rich fraction into product and residual gas. A recycle compressor is included and allows the plant to operate is two different modes. In the first mode, carbon dioxide separated from the synthesis gas is compressed and added to the hydrocarbon-rich feed. In the second mode, the recycle compressor is used to recycle residual gas from the pressure-swing adsorption plant to the hydrogen-rich fraction upstream of the pressure-swing adsorption plant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gasification process and system, wherein a dryer integrated with a water-gas-shift catalyst is disposed in front of a gasifier.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of hydrogen in a reactor system comprising a steam reforming reaction zone comprising a reforming catalyst and a membrane separation zone comprising a hydrogen-selective membrane. The process involves a reaction system of so-called open architecture, wherein the reforming zone and the membrane separation zone operate independently of each other. The invention provides the heat for the reforming reaction through heat exchange from liquid molten salts, preferably heated by solar energy.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing carbon monoxide by cryogenic distillation is presented.

Abstract: Provided is an anti-adhesive agent for asphalt mixtures which does not readily separate at ordinary or low temperatures, even after dilution with water. The anti-adhesive agent comprising: a water-soluble monohydric alcohol (A) that has a boiling point greater than or equal to 150° C. and is liquid at 25° C.; a compound (B) that is represented by Formula (1); and liquid paraffin (C) that has a kinematic viscosity of 1 to 40 mm2/s at 40° C., wherein the mass ratios of (A), (B) and (C) are (A) 15 to 35 mass %, (B) 53 to 79 mass % and (C) 6 to 12 mass %. R1O-(EO)n—H . . . (1) (In the formula, R1 is a hydrocarbon group having a branched alkyl group and having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, EO is an oxyethylene group, and n is the average number of moles of oxyethylene groups added, which is 4 to 10.

Abstract: A steam-hydrocarbon reforming process utilizing a prereformer where a portion of the effluent from the prereformer is conditioned and the C2+ hydrocarbon content in the conditioned effluent measured. The molar flow rate of steam to the prereformer is increased or decreased responsive to measuring the C2+ hydrocarbon content of the conditioned effluent.

Abstract: A method for purifying biomass syngas, including: a) introducing syngas out of a gasifier, through a water-cooling flue to a water-cooling quench tower; b) introducing the syngas from the water-cooling quench tower to a waste heat boiler of a water-tube type and a waste heat boiler of a heat-tube type; c) washing the syngas from the waste heat boiler of the heat-tube type in a Venturi scrubber in the absence of a filler to remove dust; d) introducing the syngas from the Venturi scrubber to a wet electrical dust precipitator for conducting dust removal and tar mist removal; and e) extracting the syngas by a coal gas draft fan, and transporting the syngas to a wet gas tank for storage or to a downstream process for use.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for producing carbon dioxide by cryogenic distillation is provided.

Abstract: Gasification reactor and process for the production of synthesis gas by partial combustion of a carbonaceous feed. The reactor comprises a reactor chamber with one or more burners and at least one oil lance extending into the reactor chamber. The oil lances can for instance be located at a level 1.5 meters or less below or above the burners.

Abstract: Provided is a facilitated CO2 transport membrane having an improved CO2 permeance and an improved CO2/H2 selectivity. The facilitated CO2 transport membrane includes a separation-functional membrane that includes a hydrophilic polymer gel membrane containing a CO2 carrier and a CO2 hydration catalyst. Further preferably, the CO2 hydration catalyst at least has catalytic activity at a temperature of 100° C. or higher, has a melting point of 200° C. or higher, or is soluble in water.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and related system of regenerating a raw material for a hydrogen supply system of a fuel cell. The method includes reacting aluminum and a metal hydroxide to produce hydrogen in the hydrogen supply system of a fuel cell; and recovering an aluminum compound produced simultaneously with the hydrogen in the reaction. An aluminum hydroxide is obtained from the aluminum compound. The aluminum hydroxide is heat-treated to obtain an aluminum oxide. The aluminum oxide is reduced to obtain aluminum. The obtained aluminum is re-supplied as a raw material for producing the hydrogen.

Abstract: A hydrogen storage method is provided which enables a hydrogen storage alloy to store hydrogen up to a maximum hydrogen storage amount thereof in excess of a generally known theoretical value. In a hydrogenation step, a hydrogen storage ratio calculated as an atomic weight ratio between hydrogen and the hydrogen storage alloy is obtained beforehand as a theoretical value, a pressure at which the hydrogen storage alloy stores hydrogen up to the theoretical value is set as a first pressure value, a pressure value ten or more times greater than the first pressure value is set as a second pressure value, and pressure is increased up to the second pressure value. In a dehydrogenation step, the pressure is decreased from the second pressure value to or below the first pressure value. The hydrogenation step and the dehydrogenation step are repeatedly executed.

Abstract: Provided is a cellulose resin composition wherein roll contamination during processing and reduction in the productivity caused by roll contamination are inhibited. The cellulose resin composition is obtained by adding a polyester-based plasticizer to a cellulose resin, the cellulose resin composition being characterized in that the polyester-based plasticizer is produced from a polybasic acid, a polyhydric acid and, as required, a stopper, in which polyester-based plasticizer, components having a molecular weight of 430 or less are removed to an amount of 5 wt % or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating liquid and/or pasty hydrocarbon materials, more particularly fuel oil, more particularly still heavy fuel oil, in which the hydrocarbon materials are firstly brought to the autoignition temperature, then mixed with a controlled amount of oxygen in order to obtain a first gaseous stream and a non-gaseous mass, more particularly a solid mass, comprising solid hydrocarbon molecules which are then oxidized by a gaseous stream of CO2 in order to obtain a second gaseous stream. The first and second gaseous streams are then mixed in order to obtain a third gaseous stream comprising carbon monoxide having a high energy value. The invention also relates to a system implementing the process according to the invention and an installation implementing such a system.

Abstract: In various implementations, feed streams that include methane are reacted to produce synthesis gas. The synthesis gas may be further processed to produce ultrapure, high-pressure hydrogen streams.

Abstract: A process to convert light hydrocarbons such as natural gas to a liquid or liquids. Vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA) is used to produce a stream of relatively high purity oxygen. The relatively high purity oxygen is reacted with light hydrocarbons and steam in a partial oxidation reactor in order to produce synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is thereafter converted to a hydrocarbon liquid or liquids via a Fischer Tropsch or related reaction.