Abstract: An unaddressed device installed inline in a path of an MPLS network can communicate a packet from within the MPLS network to an upstream device without knowledge of the necessary MPLS labeling by sending the packet intentionally in the wrong direction: downstream. To communicate to an upstream device, the unaddressed device sends a packet downstream into the MPLS network on the opposite side and through the opposite outgoing port from that which would be used for a packet sent to the same device in a non-MPLS network. This behavior forces the MPLS network, when it next inspects the packet, to re-label it with the correct labeling to route the packet on a path back upstream to the recipient device. In this manner, the MPLS architecture is used to redirect or loop back packets from an unaddressed inline device to the upstream device.

Abstract: Provided are a data transmission method for a detached machine type communication (MTC) device and a mobile communication system providing an MTC service. The method includes sensing an MTC device performing a detachment procedure from a network, when the MTC device being detached is sensed, storing, at a first gateway (GW), context information about the MTC device being detached from the network, storing, at the detached MTC device, context information that has been lastly allocated and used before the detachment, receiving, at the first GW, downlink data transmitted from an MTC server to the detached MTC device, and buffering the received data, transmitting a paging message to the detached MTC device, and performing, at the MTC device receiving the paging message, an attachment process to the network, and receiving the DL data buffered in the first GW.

Abstract: Mobile nodes are allowed to move around within an intermittent communication environment. A mobile node wirelessly communicates with an access node when approaching the access node, and stores data. The access node stores an action history for each mobile node, and generates a forwarder list in association with a destination node, based on action histories of the mobile nodes. The forwarder list stores one or more identifies each identifying a first mobile node in the order of an arrival probability indicating a probability that the first mobile node succeeds in delivering the data to the destination node. The access node selects second mobile nodes that are to carry the data to the destination node, based on the forwarder list, and transfers the data to one of the second mobile nodes when a communication link is established between the access node and the one of the second mobile nodes.

Abstract: A method for allocating a physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH) is discussed. The method includes allocating a CDM group according to a cyclic prefix type in consideration of a ratio of the numbers of necessary CDM groups according to spreading factors, and allocating a PHICH to the allocated CDM group. The PHICH includes an ACK/NACK signal multiplexed by code division multiplexing (CDM). Therefore, resources for PHICH transmission are efficiently allocated and a transmission structure can be maintained irrespective of a spreading factor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a satellite system. A satellite system is comprised of a communications system in a satellite and a number of computers associated with the satellite. The communications system is configured to receive first information and transmit second information from the satellite to a remote platform over a number of communications links. The number of computers is configured to identify a block of information for encryption from instructions in the first information. The number of computers is further configured to generate a key from a portion of the block of information based on the instructions. The number of computers is further configured to perform an exclusive OR operation on the block of information using the key to form a block of encrypted information. The number of computers is further configured to transmit the block of encrypted information.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for locating a data frame. The method mainly includes: allocating a framing state machine to each byte of a data stream within a current clock cycle; respectively starting, by the framing state machines, hunting for data frames from respective corresponding bytes, and obtaining a plurality of data frame hunt results; and selecting one hunt result from the plurality of data frame hunt results according to a data frame hunt result within a previous clock cycle as a data frame hunt result within the current clock cycle.

Abstract: A radio access network (RAN) determines whether transmission time interval (TTI) bundling is warranted for a wireless communication device (WCD) based on at least a power headroom report from the WCD. In response to determining that TTI bundling is warranted, the RAN selects a TTI bundle size, N, for the WCD and instructs the WCD to use the selected TTI bundle size. The TTI bundle size, N, could be selected from among a set of predefined values, such as N=2, N=3, and N=4. The selection could be based on various factors, such as a utilization of an uplink shared channel, a re-transmission rate of the WCD, and/or a remaining battery life of the WCD.

Abstract: A network device is provided. The network device includes a processor having access to a memory storage device storing instructions for execution by the processor; and a first flexible port having a physical layer that can be configured to operate as a first link type or a second link type based on a control signal sent by the processor. The first flexible port receives a packet from the computing system. The first flexible port determines an egress flexible port for transmitting the packet to its destination. A routing module generates a route control tag for the packet that includes an identifier identifying the egress flexible port, a location identifier identifying where the packet is stored at the first flexible port and a translation identifier identifying an action that is to be performed on the packet at the egress port before sending the packet to the destination.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture for hierarchical anomaly localization and prioritization are disclosed. An example method disclosed herein comprises obtaining reported status for a plurality of nodes of a hierarchical topology, the reported status for a particular node being at least one of normal, abnormal or indeterminate, and determining a subset of root cause abnormal nodes, a root cause abnormal node included in the subset of root cause abnormal nodes having a total number of abnormal direct descendent nodes and indeterminate direct descendent nodes that is greater than a number of normal direct descendent nodes of the root cause abnormal node.

Abstract: An approach is provided for improving network restoration by enhancing loop free alternative coverage. A loop-free alternate (LFA) procedure is initiated for a failed link of a network including a plurality of nodes. A state of incomplete loop-free alternate coverage for the nodes is determined. A shortest path in the network exclusive of the nodes associated with the failed link is determined. Each node along the determined shortest path is set as an explicit route object to create a bypass label switched path for the network.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide power-efficient time division duplexing (TDD) mode configurations of frequency division duplexing (FDD) transceivers. Embodiments avoid time slotted operation of the receive and transmit synthesizers, thereby avoiding undesired operation under transient conditions, frequent calibration, and reduced power supply efficiency. In embodiments, a single synthesizer is used to enable TDD operation, thereby reducing power consumption and calibration requirements by approximately 50%. The single synthesizer may be maintained ON at all times, thus allowing the power supply's switching regulator to operate with substantially constant load conditions.

Abstract: In a mobile device capable of wireless communications using multiple radio access technologies (RATs), transmit communications of one RAT may cause interference with receive communications of another RAT. In the case of wireless local area network (WLAN) communications, a CTS-to-Self message may control the timing of WLAN communications such that WLAN receptions do not overlap with transmissions of another RAT, such as a Long Term Evolution (LTE) radio. The CTS-to-Self message timing control may be executed by a mobile device operating as a WLAN access point.

Abstract: In a data network node implementing the Precision Time Protocol, low-touch PTP packet processing functions are moved from a PTP processing unit into an efficient network processor. An example network node thus includes a time-transfer protocol processing unit that generates negotiation messages and management messages for a time-transfer protocol and forwards said negotiation and management messages to one or more clients. The network node also includes a separate network processor unit, which is adapted to: receive a configuration message from the time-transfer protocol processing unit, the configuration message comprising stream configuration data for a first type of repetitive time-transfer message; generate a plurality of time-transfer messages according to the first type of repetitive time-transfer message, using the stream configuration data; and forward said plurality of time-transfer messages to the one or more remote network nodes, via the one or more line ports.

Abstract: A network system includes a plurality of lower switching hubs, and upper switching hubs connected to each of the lower switching hubs, to relay a normal frame to be transmitted and received between the lower switching hubs. Each of the lower switching hubs includes a lower switch configuring portion for configuring a first link aggregation group for all ports connected to the upper switching hub, and transmitting a first control frame containing its own identifier from all the ports connected to the one or more upper switching hubs. Each of the upper switching hubs includes an upper switch configuring portion for configuring a second link aggregation group for ports connected to a same lower switching hub, based on the first control frames received from the lower switching hubs, and transmitting a second control frame containing its own identifier from the ports configured as the second link aggregation group.

Abstract: The fabric card includes at least one fabric card chip and at least two fabric card connector groups, where each fabric card connector group of the at least two fabric card connector groups includes at least two fabric card connectors, the number of fabric card chips is less than the number of at least two fabric card connector groups, each fabric card chip of the at least one fabric card chip connects to all fabric card connectors in at least one fabric card connector group, all fabric card connectors in the fabric card connector group that connect to the fabric card chip exchange data using the fabric card chip. This fully utilizes an exchange capability of the fabric card chip and saves system resources.

Abstract: A method and a device for network traffic control comprising the following steps: detecting actual downlink traffic of a network device; calculating an error e between the actual downlink traffic and predetermined downlink traffic; performing a calculation on the error to obtain PID output according to a PID control formula; calculating scaling of upstream traffic according to the calculated PID output and the downlink traffic; and regulating an upstream traffic threshold according to the scaling. The upstream traffic is increased or reduced in accordance with the actual downlink traffic be means of the correlated regulation and dynamic control of the upstream traffic and the downlink traffic of the network device. As such, traffic control is realized in those applications (e.g. UDP traffic such as P2P streaming media) which themselves lack the traffic control mechanism, and it is possible to make the best of network bandwidth as well.

Abstract: A system and a method for handover of a terminal in a wireless communication system are provided. The method includes transmitting, by a serving BS, measurement control information and DRX control information to a terminal; measuring, by the terminal, a channel, based on the measurement control information; operating, by the terminal, in connected DRX, based on the DRX control information; reporting, by the terminal, channel measurement information to the serving BS; determining, by the serving BS, the handover of the terminal based on the channel measurement information provided from the terminal; resetting, by the serving BS, the DRX control information of the terminal; transmitting, by the serving BS, the reset DRX control information to the terminal; operating, by the terminal, in the connected DRX, based on the reset DRX control information provided from the serving BS; and transmitting, by the serving BS, handover indication information to the terminal.

Abstract: A method for determining a proper preamble allocation mode is provided. The method is applicable to a base station communication with a number of human to human UEs and machine to machine UEs. The base station collects information from different types of UEs to figure out arrival rates for human to human type random access attempts and machine to machine type random access attempts. The base station selects one allocation mode out of two different allocation modes. In one mode, random access preambles are dedicatedly allocated to machine to machine type UES. In the other mode, preambles are commonly allocated to different types of UEs. The base station indicates the selected allocation mode by using system information block such as SIB2.

Abstract: A method in a mobile device is provided. The method includes storing the number of IP (Internet protocol) sessions available to the mobile device for each of a number of network areas; and when the mobile device is in a location where two of the network areas overlap, performing cell selection based on the stored number of IP sessions for each of the overlapping network areas.

Abstract: A communication device transmits a plurality of measurement packets for identifying an available bandwidth to another communication device connected via a network, using bandwidths in the measurement bandwidth range. The communication device then determines whether the available bandwidth is included in the measurement bandwidth range. In a case where the available bandwidth is not included in the measurement bandwidth range, the communication device determines whether the available bandwidth is located on a narrowband side or on a wideband side with respect to the measurement bandwidth range, and determines a bandwidth shift amount based on an amount of change. The communication device updates the measurement bandwidth range by shifting one of the lower bandwidth and the upper bandwidth based on the bandwidth shift amount.