Abstract: A junction box comprises parallel-connected switches comprising at least a first switch and a second switch. A first current sensor senses current through the first switch. A second current sensor senses current through the second switch. A controller is in communication with the first and second current sensors. The controller modifies operation of the junction box in response to detecting at least one of the switches is failed. The controller detects that one of the first switch and the second switch is failed when the current through the first switch and the current through the second switch are unbalanced.

Abstract: A semiconductor device structure and methodology for determining a power consumption of the device structure and to extract accurate real temperatures due to self-heating effects. The semiconductor device structure includes a first transistor device formed as a heater device and an adjacent device such as a second transistor device or a semiconductor junction device. In the method, the first transistor device is operable at different operating states (e.g., off state or at different applied power levels), and at each state, an electrical characteristic is measured at the adjacent second transistor device or junction device. The electrical characteristic measured at the adjacent second semiconductor device is correlated to a power consumption of the first device while excluding a power consumption due to voltage drops due to resistance of connected metal layers, vias or contacts.

Abstract: An electric current sensor device includes a first detector including first and second magnetic detection elements that detect magnetism generated by a current flowing through a first conductor, the first detector detecting a current of the first conductor based on results of the elements, and a second detector including third and fourth detection elements that detect magnetism generated by the second conductor, the second detector detecting a current of the second conductor based on results of the third and fourth elements. The first conductor includes a first wide portion with a first width through which a current flows in a first direction, and a first narrow portion through which a current flows in a second direction, whose width is a second width narrower than the first, and the first and second elements are arranged in a stacking direction of the first narrow portion, and side by side along the surface.

Abstract: A method for measuring the phase jitter and phase noise of a signal-under-test (SUT) includes providing first and second oscilloscopes each having a timebase reference oscillator, the timebase reference oscillator of each of the first and second oscilloscopes configured to generate a timebase reference signal of a given output frequency. The method further comprises phase-locking the timebase reference oscillators of the first and second oscilloscopes together, applying the SUT to an input channel of the first oscilloscope and to an input channel of the second oscilloscope, and generating a first phase jitter measurement of the SUT using the first oscilloscope and generating a second phase jitter measurement of the SUT using the second oscilloscope. The method still further includes obtaining the phase noise of the SUT from the first and second phase jitter measurements to obtain the phase noise of the SUT.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes techniques and designs that may be implemented for improving current transformer accuracy (e.g., while reducing additional complexity and costs). In some aspects, described embodiments may implement usage of a current mirror to reduce current transformer error. Additionally or alternatively, some described embodiments may implement Hall-effect sensors (e.g., in place of conventional first stages in a two-stage current transformer design). Such embodiments, as well as other described embodiments, may improve accuracy of current transformers in a more efficient manner (e.g., current transformer accuracy may be improved while reducing or minimizing additional complexity, costs, etc.).

Abstract: The occurrence of a ground fault can be detected more accurately. A ground fault detection device is for detecting a ground fault in a conductive path for supply of power from a first power source to a second load in an in-vehicle system. The ground fault detection device includes a voltage detection unit that detects a voltage value of the conductive path, a current detection unit that detects a current value of the conductive path, and a control unit that determines whether or not a ground fault occurred in the conductive path, based on an evaluation value that increases as the voltage value detected by the voltage detection unit decreases, and based on the current value detected by the current detection unit.

Abstract: An electromagnetically induced grating-based electric field detection system and method are provided, which enable the creation of an electromagnetically induced transparency grating using a low-wavelength laser and enables real-time electromagnetic wave measurement by avoiding the frequency reprocessing of the signal that is essential in the existing Rydberg atom-based electric field measurement technology. The detection system may include a vapor cell; an irradiation light source which irradiates irradiation light to be incident on the vapor cell; a combined light source which irradiates combined light to be incident on the vapor cell; a reflector which reflects the combined light that has passed through the vapor cell and makes it incident on the vapor cell; an electromagnetic wave generator which generates an electromagnetic wave to be incident on one side surface of the vapor cell; and a reflected light detector which detects a reflected light released from the vapor cell.

Abstract: A first insulation resistance monitoring circuit includes a first resistor connected between a positive terminal of a battery pack and a node, and connected between the positive terminal of the battery pack and a ground terminal of an external device, and has a first monitoring terminal. A second insulation resistance monitoring circuit is connected between the ground terminal and the negative terminal of the battery pack, and has a second monitoring terminal. A voltage monitoring circuit is connected between the node and the negative terminal of the battery pack, and has a third monitoring terminal. A processor measures the voltage of the battery pack.

Abstract: A charger, a charging control circuit, and a method for controlling a charger. The charger includes a housing, a knob, a knob detection structure, a main control board, a display, and a charging control unit. The knob detection structure is configured to detect at least rotation parameters of the knob, and the rotation parameters include at least one of a rotation angle and a rotation direction. The main control board is configured to control the charging control unit to operate according to at least the rotation parameters, and the main control board is further configured to control the display to display charging information of the charging control unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sending current. A flow of current can be passed through a portion of the sensor, such that the sensor forms part of the current flow circuit. The sensor can be especially useful in high vacuum environments and/or in areas where a small sensor is desired. In one embodiment, the current sensor can form part of a ground circuit and a leg of the sensor can comprise a leg of the drive circuit. A current sensing loop of the sensor can at least partially encircle a portion of the sensor itself such that the current sensing loop senses current flowing through the sensor.

Abstract: An electronic control device including a control unit and switching elements is inspected. A slew rate of each of the switching elements is observed. A predetermined target slew rate range is stored. It is determined whether an observation result of the slew rate is disposed within or outside the predetermined target slew rate range. A slew rate adjust value is calculated based on a determination result of the observation result when the slew rate is disposed outside the predetermined target slew rate range. The slew rate adjust value is written in a storage unit of the control unit.

Abstract: A tool for eddy current inspection is configured to be used with an inspection device, and includes one or more guides, wherein the, or each, guide is a disc, which may be a plastic disc. Each disc includes an adhesive on one of its surfaces, the adhesive being a detachable adhesive, i.e., it is a weak adhesive that allows removal of the disc after inspection and re-use of the disc again at another fastener position.

Abstract: Systems for MRI and MEG detection with a single optically pumped magnetometer are provided herein. In one example, a system comprises a chip-scale device including a RF atomic magnetometer, which includes a laser configured to emit laser light, a photodetector, a vapor cell between the laser and photodetector, and a circular polarizer configured to circularly polarize the laser light emitted by the laser. A circularly polarized laser beam is configured to pump into an oriented state, spins of atoms in the vapor cell and to probe the atoms in the vapor cell, wherein probing includes detecting a local RF field. The chip-scale device further includes flux transformer coil(s) configured to couple RF signals from a source to the RF atomic magnetometer and DC coil(s) configured to generate a DC magnetic field oriented at 45 degrees relative to an optical axis of the laser light emitted by the laser.

Abstract: A testing device and a testing system are provided. The testing device includes a circuit mainboard. One side of the circuit mainboard includes a plurality of chip sockets, a plurality of power connectors, and a plurality of signal output connectors. A chip under test is detachably fixed on a chip carrier board. An external power supply can provide power to the chip under test on the chip carrier board through the power connectors and the circuit mainboard. Another side of the circuit mainboard a plurality of carrier board connectors. Each of signal carrier boards can be detachably disposed on the circuit mainboard through the carrier board connectors. Each of the signal carrier boards has a signal input connector and a connector at one end of a signal input line plugs into the signal input connectors.

Abstract: An insulation monitoring device is provided with a signal generation unit generating a measurement signal having a preset voltage and applying the measurement signal to the ground; a signal detection unit including a coupler resistor connected to a transmission line and a detection resistor provided between the coupler resistor and the other end of the signal generation unit, and detecting the voltage of the measurement signal distributed to the internal resistance of the insulation monitoring device according to the voltage difference across the detection resistor; and a control unit detecting a transient voltage, due to the charging and discharging of a system capacitor and generated by parasitic capacitance between the transmission line and ground, from the voltage detected by the signal detection unit, and checking the connection state of the insulation monitoring device to the transmission line and ground based on the result of detecting the transient voltage.

Abstract: Automated processing and radiomic analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (“MRI”), such as multi-contrast MR images, and magnetic resonance fingerprinting (“MRF”) data, such as quantitative parameter maps, are integrated into a single workflow.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for monitoring of blood flow using a dynamic phantom that incorporates optical properties and mechanical properties of the tissue surrounding an artery (e.g., the radial artery at the wrist). The phantom can include: a body with optical properties representative of surrounding skin layers; a vessel chamber with mechanical properties representative of the artery; and a pulsatile pump that cycles a blood-mimicking fluid (BMF) to maintain physiologically accurate pressure fluctuations typically seen at the artery. The phantom can be fabricated through the combination of rapid prototyping using both stereolithography (SLA) and fused deposition modeling (FDM) methods to develop mold casting to control geometric properties. Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals for different properties representing varying skin tone and obesity can be collected using a pulse oximeter device.

Abstract: A structure and method of operating an optical step-up transformer are described. The optical step-up transformer has at least one photodiode and at least one photoreceiver. The photoreceiver receives light emitted from the photodiode and generates a voltage proportional to the number of series-connected photoreceivers. The photodiode and photoreceiver may be electrically isolated or may share a common anode or cathode. The voltage applied to the photodiode may be a DC or PWM signal.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus that includes a multi-resonance transmit/receive (T/R) switch, one switch design having a top side and a bottom side of a microstripline based hybrid coupler, a first pin diode, a second pin diode, four vertical transmission lines and six horizontal transmission lines arranged in a bended manner on the microstripline. The top side is associated with a first port and a second port, and electrically connected to the first pin diode and the second pin diode. The bottom side is associated with a third port and a fourth port, and electrically connected with the first pin diode and the second pin diode. The switch receives radio frequency (RF) pulses of different frequencies transmitted to and received from an MRI RF coil where the different frequencies are received concurrently and without tuning by the multi-resonance T/R switch from the MRI RF coil.

Abstract: There is provided a determination apparatus including: a result acquisition unit configured to acquire test results of tests on a plurality of items which are performed on a device under measurement; and a first determination unit configured to determine whether to retest a device under measurement that has failed the test, in which the first determination unit is configured to perform the determination based on reproducibility of the test results in a case where the tests have been performed on a plurality of devices under measurement multiple times in advance.